Papers by jitendra mishra
Biocontrol of fungal phytopathogens in saline soils by halophilic chitinase-producing microbes
Extremozymes and Their Industrial Applications
Influence of meteorological factors on the population dynamics of B. zonata and B. correcta on mango
Plant growth promoting bacteria for combating salinity stress in plants – Recent developments and prospects: A review
Microbiological Research, 2021
Soil salinity has emerged as a great threat to the agricultural ecosystems throughout the globe. ... more Soil salinity has emerged as a great threat to the agricultural ecosystems throughout the globe. Many continents of the globe are affected by salinity and crop productivity is severely affected. Anthropogenic activities leading to the degradation of agricultural land have also accelerated the rate of salinization in arid and semi-arid regions. Several approaches are being evaluated for remediating saline soil and restoring their productivity. Amongst these, utilization of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) has been marked as a promising tool. This greener approach is suitable for simultaneous reclamation of saline soil and improving the productivity. Salt-tolerant PGPB utilize numerous mechanisms that affect physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses in plants to cope with salt stress. These mechanisms include osmotic adjustment by ion homeostasis and osmolyte accumulation, protection from free radicals by the formation of free radicals scavenging enzymes, oxidative stress responses and maintenance of growth parameters by the synthesis of phytohormones and other metabolites. As salt-tolerant PGPB elicit better plant survival under salinity, they are the potential candidates for enhancing agricultural productivity. The present review focuses on the various mechanisms used by PGPB to improve plant health under salinity. Recent developments and prospects to facilitate better understanding on the functioning of PGPB for ameliorating salt stress in plants are emphasized.
Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes: Diverse Roles in Agriculture and Environmental Sustainability
Probiotics and Plant Health, 2017
The need for environmental sustainability to create a balance between the future’s need and resou... more The need for environmental sustainability to create a balance between the future’s need and resources available is a key issue at the global level. The world’s population is increasing day by day, and natural resources are being exploited rapidly. In this situation, enhancement of agricultural productivity for feeding expanding population is a matter of concern. Conventional agricultural practices for enhancing productivity pose a threat to agroecosystems. Experience with the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and pesticide is bitter. Similarly, the impact of anthropogenic activities and global climate change on the environment is detrimental and created irreversible changes in the agroecosystems. In this scenario, a major focus on plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPM) for restoring the agroecosystems to their original shape is gaining the attention of agronomists and environmentalists. Work on rhizospheric bacteria and fungi has already shown potential in the management of various agricultural problems, and especially their use in the form of biofertilizers and biopesticides has resulted in lesser reliance on synthetic agrochemicals. However, a fresh perspective suggests the role of PGPM in the remediation of ecosystems through removal of recalcitrant compounds and as alleviators of abiotic stresses, thus also helping to combat the impact of climate change. Although PGPM are proving promising tools for environmental sustainability, yet more work needs to be carried out for establishing their firm position to manage agroecosystems in a sustainable manner. Greater knowledge and revelation of the secret of plant–microbe interactions will provide a state-of-the-art solution for food security in terms of quality, quantity, and environmental sustainability.
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2019
Soil salinity has emerged as a serious issue for global food security. It is estimated that curre... more Soil salinity has emerged as a serious issue for global food security. It is estimated that currently about 62 million hectares or 20 percent of the world's irrigated land is affected by salinity. The deposition of an excess amount of soluble salt in cultivable land directly affects crop yields. The uptake of high amount of salt inhibits diverse physiological and metabolic processes of plants even impacting their survival. The conventional methods of reclamation of saline soil which involve scraping, flushing, leaching or adding an amendment (e.g., gypsum, CaCl 2 , etc.) are of limited success and also adversely affect the agro-ecosystems. In this context, developing sustainable methods which increase the productivity of saline soil without harming the environment are necessary. Since long, breeding of salt-tolerant plants and development of salt-resistant crop varieties have also been tried, but these and aforesaid conventional approaches are not able to solve the problem. Salt tolerance and dependence are the characteristics of some microbes. Salt-tolerant microbes can survive in osmotic and ionic stress. Various genera of salt-tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (ST-PGPR) have been isolated from extreme alkaline, saline, and sodic soils. Many of them are also known to mitigate various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. In the last few years, potential PGPR enhancing the productivity of plants facing salt-stress have been researched upon suggesting that ST-PGPR can be exploited for the reclamation of saline agro-ecosystems. In this review, ST-PGPR and their potential in enhancing the productivity of saline agro-ecosystems will be discussed. Apart from this, PGPR mediated mechanisms of salt tolerance in different crop plants and future research trends of using ST-PGPR for reclamation of saline soils will also be highlighted.
Applied Soil Ecology, 2018
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) belonging to the group "fluorescent pseudomonads" pla... more Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) belonging to the group "fluorescent pseudomonads" play very important role in sustainable agriculture. They are well known to assist plants' health by diverse mechanisms. Potential of fluorescent pseudomonads to protect plants from a range of phytopathogens is of prime importance and gained momentum in agri-biotechnology. At global level commercialization of fluorescent pseudomonads in the form of bioinoculants for the management of several plant diseases is now considered to be very effective. Fluorescent pseudomonads are being used as effective biocontrol agents (BCA) against an array of phytopathogens. They have great potential as BCA because of the ability to produce a variety of secondary metabolites. Therefore, the objective of this review is to describe and assess the roles of secondary metabolites produced by fluorescent pseudomonads in controlling the phytopathogens and enhancing the plant health. Prominent secondary metabolites involved in biocontrol by fluorescent pseudomonads include phenazines (PHZ), 2, 4diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG), pyoluteorin (PLT), pyrrolnitrin (PRN), cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN). These metabolites are known for antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor and anti-nematicidal properties. Better contemporary techniques for extraction, purification and characterization may unveil the mechanisms of action of these metabolites and enable to utilize them in future bioformulations so as to replace harmful synthetic chemicals (in agriculture).
Bioformulations for Plant Growth Promotion and Combating Phytopathogens: A Sustainable Approach
Bioformulations: for Sustainable Agriculture, 2016
The role of microbes in sustainable agriculture has provided new insights to agro-economy, and on... more The role of microbes in sustainable agriculture has provided new insights to agro-economy, and one of the direct benefits is the lesser reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides as the continuous application of these chemicals not only showed detrimental effects on agro-ecosystems but also resulted in health risks to humans and animals. In last few years, the development of microbial bioinoculants for enhancing plant growth and disease eradication has emerged as an alternative, but a broader aspect of their application as formulatory product has remained in infancy especially in developing countries. At the economic and social level also, this green strategy is facing hurdles and lags far behind their competitors, the synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Most of the times it has been found that bioformulations available for a particular crop do not give good results equivalent to those in the laboratory conditions. Such and related constraints are major challenges of this greener approach. Various workers all over the world are continuously engaged in developing formulation products which could be easier to use, show enhanced activity toward phytopathogens, and may cover more target crops. Whole process of bioformulation development, from screening of microbe to product development and its implementation, need to be reviewed. In this article several aspects of formulation development have been critically discussed, and the main motive is to describe types of bioformulations being used, their efficacy in the field, and reasons which limit their wider application in field.
Prospecting the roles of metabolites and additives in future bioformulations for sustainable agriculture
Applied Soil Ecology, 2016
Abstract Addition of beneficial microorganisms as plant growth promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria (PGP... more Abstract Addition of beneficial microorganisms as plant growth promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria (PGPR) and fungi (PGPF) for augmenting plant growth and inhibiting phytopathogens is now more than a century old story, but still we are only in the lag phase concerning the use of microbe based products in agriculture. The benefits of microbe based products, known by various names such as biofertilizers, biostimulants, bioinoculants, biopesticides, bioformulations, certainly are huge in respect to the sustainability they provide and being eco-friendly. Still the constraints associated with quality, reliability and performance are hampering their progress in the market. Due to these constraints the bioformulations are lacking far behind the chemicals. Hence, new avenues and directions have to be explored so as to remove the associated problems and instigate belief amongst the end users/farmers. Current research is already showing the trends for the development of formulations which will be more reliable and consistent. Inoculation of PGP microbes along with metabolites is showing great promise, proving to be more effective with multiple roles and hence showing the way for the development of future bioformulations.
Biocontrol of Ear Rot Fungi By Plant Growth Promoting Fluorescent Pseudomonads
International Journal of Science, Technology & Society, 2016
In India, maize is the third most important food crop after rice and wheat but the productivity i... more In India, maize is the third most important food crop after rice and wheat but the productivity is severely affected as the plant is also prone to a number of diseases caused by fungi and bacteria. Ear rot caused by <italic>Fusarium moniliforme</italic> is one of the economically important soil and seed borne disease of maize and not easily controlled by chemical methods. Antagonistic bacteria may constitute an alternative for improving the crop productivity. In this study 13 fluorescent pseudomonads were isolated from rhizosphere of different plants and screened for plant growth promoting activities and biocontrol potential against <italic>F. moniliforme</italic> ITCC No. 2193. Among them a potential isolate, W3Gr-6(b) not only inhibited growth of <italic>F. moniliforme</italic> under in-vitro conditions but was also capable of maize growth promotion in presence of pathogen.
Biopesticides: Where We Stand?
Plant Microbes Symbiosis: Applied Facets, 2014
Chemical pesticides are well known for their effective role in disease management because not onl... more Chemical pesticides are well known for their effective role in disease management because not only they act on a broad host range but production technology is also less expensive. However, the devastating part is their huge negative impact on the environment including the living beings of the planet. In spite of this, in the absence of suitable alternative, the use of synthetic pesticides has dominated around the globe. By the advent of greener approach of developing and using biopesticides, the situation is gradually changing but in fact can move far more swiftly in this direction which will be sustainable and eco-friendly. Although biopesticides are slowly replacing the chemical pesticides, a complete global look at the scenario indicates that the former and particularly the industries based on them are still in an insecure position in comparison to the chemicals which rule the agriculture. We can say that the biopesticides, although show a great promise, have not come up to the desired level so as to displace the dominance of chemicals. In this chapter, the global scenario of biopesticides is discussed emphasizing upon the current demand, use, constraints, and remedies.
SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE, 2021
In present work Computational fluid dynamics analysis based erosion wear prediction is performed ... more In present work Computational fluid dynamics analysis based erosion wear prediction is performed for Francis turbine components, especially the runner. For the geometrical parameters, Francis turbine model with steady state condition and viscous flow turbulence SST model using ANSYS Fluent. The erosion effect on all the three component such as spiral casing, runner & draft tube has been studied for different concentration of sand particles from 1% - 6%. For each of those concentration the effect of variation in size has been studied for different sizes 10 ?m - 80 ?m. Further the effect of total erosion was also analyzed for different particle size. Erosion damage is found close to the upper and lower portions of the leading edge of the stay vane. some erosion spots at guide vane on the blade pressure side where suction side has minimum erosion. Maximum erosion damage observed on runner especially at the middle of the blade. The draft tube situated closer to runner having highest vel...
SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE, 2021
The main objective of this work is to design a concentric three-cylinder heat exchanger for bette... more The main objective of this work is to design a concentric three-cylinder heat exchanger for better heat movement, using a sum of four expansions to verify its hot presentation under similar boundary conditions. For this reason, the second creep condition is specified for robust dividers where the heat flow for the outer side divider is concentrated to achieve an adiabatic state while the dividers and inner vanes of the cylinder are coupled. The deltas for the outside and inside of the line are characterized as mass flow trees; The power source is marked as an outlet with a pressure factor. Flow programming is used to determine the movement of liquid and heat flow in the measurement zones. The applicable conditions are governed iteratively by the limited volume details with the SIMPLE calculation. The RNG-k-epsilon model is used for storm currents because the impact of eddies on strong currents is more accurate than the standard k-epsilon model and the second booster graph method is ...
In the current scenario, world is facing heavy data exchange, the security, integrity and reliabi... more In the current scenario, world is facing heavy data exchange, the security, integrity and reliability of data is crucial aspect behind this process the study conducted in this survey review different data hiding techniques such as watermarking, steganography, cryptography, mosaicing on properties which are important during the exchange process the unwanted variation in this properties may cause data leakage or may get stolen. In this manuscript we have reviewed on parameters like Hiding Capacity, Robustness, Security, and Reliability.
Bilateral giant cell tumor of tendo Achilles: A case series on reconstruction by peroneus brevis - tibialis posterior tendon
The Foot, 2021
Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath usually is localized painless solitary benign swelling, which p... more Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath usually is localized painless solitary benign swelling, which presents as a firm nodular gradually growing mass. Giant cell tumor is infrequent in the lower limb and its incidence in the tendo Achilles is rare. It is often diagnosed and treated conservatively as tendinitis in the initial stages. The slow growth and limited functional deficit is the reason for its late presentation where excision of the mass leaves a large residual defect, for which reconstruction of the tendo Achilles has to be done by mobilizing different tendons. A case series of bilateral giant cell tumor of tendo Achilles and study the functional outcome of the reconstructed tendo Achilles using peroneus brevis - tibialis posterior tendons - are presented. The outcome of reconstruction using peroneus brevis - tibialis posterior tendon gave satisfactory outcome at the end of one year. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4.
International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science & Technology, 2019
In wireless communication, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) plays a major role b... more In wireless communication, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) plays a major role because of its high transmission rate. In space-time shift keying (STSK), the information is conveyed by both the spatial and time dimensions, which can be used to strike a trade-off between the diversity and multiplexing gains. On the other hand, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) relying on index modulation (IM) conveys information not only by the conventional signal constellations as in classical OFDM, but also by the indices of the subcarriers. In this review compressed sensing (CS) is studied in order to increase throughput and bit-error performance by transmitting extra information bits in each subcarrier block as well as to decrease the complexity of the detector.
Effect of daily teriparatide for delayed union of fracture neck of the femur
Journal of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Rehabilitation, 2019
Background: Delayed union and nonunion of fracture neck of the femur remains a therapeutic challe... more Background: Delayed union and nonunion of fracture neck of the femur remains a therapeutic challenge to orthopedic surgeons worldwide which is why this fracture is aptly named as unsolved fracture. Hip joint preservation surgery always remains the primary criteria in fracture neck of the femur in physiologically young patients. However, the outcome is not always satisfactory due to many factors, delayed presentation being one of them. This case series was conducted to determine and establish the role of recombinant teriparatide in fracture healing in delayed union of fracture neck of the femur. Materials and Methods: The study was done on nine cases (six males and three females) of delayed union of fracture neck of the femur with a previous history of some surgical interventions. All cases of delayed union were diagnosed by clinically and radiologically and undergone all routine blood investigations. All were administered 20 μg of teriparatide (recombinant parathormone) subcutaneous injection daily for a period of 3–5 months. Results: Eight patients who were evaluated clinically and radiologically showed satisfactory union and one case showed nonunion. One patient showed mild allergic reaction. Conclusion: This study showed that daily administration of teriparatide accelerates fracture healing in delayed union. It also enhances fracture healing throughout the period of bone remodeling phase. It also emphasizes the safety of teriparatide.
Congenital Heart Disease, 2008
Objectives. Aortopulmonary window is an uncommon condition, particularly so in adulthood because ... more Objectives. Aortopulmonary window is an uncommon condition, particularly so in adulthood because it is usually fatal in infancy or childhood if untreated. Very few cases of those who have survived to adulthood and been operated on successfully have been described. Our study aimed to provide clinical, investigative, surgical, and outcome details of such patients. Design and Setting. Retrospective study of consecutive adult patients with aortopulmonary window treated at a tertiary charitable cardiovascular institute in South India between 1996 and 2006. Results. Six adult patients successfully underwent aortopulmonary window closure. Five of the six patients had been correctly diagnosed on echocardiography, while one was only diagnosed after cardiac catheterization for unexplained pulmonary arterial hypertension. Four of the patients had large defects with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, with pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) ranging from 5.2 to 15.9 at baseline. All showed significant reversibility with oxygen administration, with PVRI on oxygen falling to between 0.6 and 2.2. These patients successfully underwent cardiopulmonary bypass. The other two patients with small lesions underwent ligation off-pump. There was no early or late mortality among these patients. All were in New York Heart Association class I, on follow-up ranging from 3 months to 8 years. Conclusions. Aortopulmonary window may rarely present in adulthood. The diagnosis can usually be made by careful echocardiography alone. Even in the presence of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, if a significant reversibility in pulmonary vascular resistance can be demonstrated with oxygen, the condition can be successfully corrected with good long-term outcomes.
American Heart Journal, 2007
Background Cardiac myxomas are an uncommon condition and most of the available information on the... more Background Cardiac myxomas are an uncommon condition and most of the available information on their clinical features comes from smaller series of patients from developed countries. Our aim was to quantify and correlate the clinical and investigation findings in cardiac myxomas in a developing country and compare them with existing data. Methods A retrospective study of case notes, electrocardiograms, and x-rays of 171 patients treated for cardiac myxoma from February 1992 to October 2006 at a large charitable institution in South India was conducted. Frequency of different clinical findings and relationships between these findings, age, sex, tumor location, and size were calculated. Results The mean age at presentation was 37.1 years. Dyspnea was the most common symptom. Embolism was found in 9% of patients and systemic symptoms in 20% of patients. Auscultation abnormalities were present in 89% of patients, including a tumor plop in 50%. Left atrial enlargement was the most common electrocardiographic abnormality (35%), whereas cardiomegaly was the most common chest x-ray finding (55%). Raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate was found in 75% and anemia in 45% of patients. Female patients and patients with right atrial myxomas more commonly had systemic symptoms. Tumor size correlated with electrocardiographic and x-ray abnormalities. Conclusions Cardiac myxomas present at a younger age in developing countries. Almost all patients were symptomatic because they presented for medical care at an advanced stage of disease. Certain clinical manifestations depend on site and size of the tumor as well as age of the patient. A high index of suspicion is necessary for making an early diagnosis.
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Papers by jitendra mishra