Papers by federica ferrigno
Integrated application of EO data and services for geohazard assessment: the EO4GEO project scenarios
EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts, Apr 1, 2019
Landslides represent one of the most frequent geo-hazard, not only causing a serious threat to hu... more Landslides represent one of the most frequent geo-hazard, not only causing a serious threat to human lives, but also determining socioeconomic losses, countable in billions of Euros and expressed in terms of damage to property, infrastructures and environmental degradation. Recent events show a significant increase in the number of disasters with natural and/or technological causes, which could have potentially serious consequences for Critical Infrastructures (CI). Where these infrastructures tend to fail or to be destroyed, the resulting cascade effect (chain of accidents) could lead to catastrophic damage and affect people, the environment and the economy. In the field of landslide detection, mapping, monitoring and management, the availability of advanced remote sensing technologies, which allow systematic and easily updatable acquisitions of data, may enhance the implementation of near real time monitoring activity and the production of landslide maps, optimizing field work. This work aims at presenting an example of the advantages given by the combined use of advanced remote sensing techniques, such as Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (GB-InSAR), Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Infrared Thermography (IRT), in order to monitor and map the Calatabiano landslide, located in the Catania Province (Sicily Island, Southern Italy). The landslide occurred on October 24th 2015, after a period of heavy rainfall, causing the rupture of a water pipeline transect of the aqueduct supplying water to the city of Messina. As a consequence of this event a considerable lack in water resources occurred for a large number of the city inhabitants. A provisional bypass , consisting of three 350 m long pipes passing through the landslide area, was implemented in order to restore the city water supplies during the emergency management phase. In this framework an integrated monitoring network was implemented, in order to assess the residual risk by analyzing the landslide geomorphological and kinematic features, and to support the early warning procedures needed to ensure the safety of the personnel involved in the bypass realization and the long term landslide stabilization works. The intrinsic characteristics of the abovementioned techniques, such as the capability of: i) producing near-real time displacement maps without physical access to the analysed area; ii) observing the investigated scenario 24 hours per day and in all-weather conditions; iii) generating high-resolution images, especially for local scale phenomena analysis; iv) providing high versatility and transportability; represent consistent advantages with respect to the traditional methods. The preliminary monitoring results and a 3D landslide mapping have shown its effectiveness during the emergency and the post emergency management phase.
Semiautomatic geomechanical characterization of Punta Gabbianara rock mass (Giglio Island, Italy)
Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana, 2016
On January 13th 2012, the cruise ship Costa Concordia was stranded in front of Punta Gabbianara, ... more On January 13th 2012, the cruise ship Costa Concordia was stranded in front of Punta Gabbianara, in the North-Western coast of Giglio Island (Tuscany, Italy). To support the Search and Rescue (SaR) and removal operations, a sophisticated monitoring system was implemented. The Terrestrial Laser Scanner device was integrated in a ground-based monitoring system network, to detect the vessel displacements. The location of this instrument permitted to perform a semiautomatic geomechanical survey of the observed portion of Punta Gabbianara rock mass. Furthermore, a traditional geomechanical field survey was performed to integrate the results of the semiautomatic processing.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020
The improved capabilities of Remote Sensing in data acquisition, analysis and implementation of s... more The improved capabilities of Remote Sensing in data acquisition, analysis and implementation of standardized products lead decision makers and managers to a better understanding and assessment against geo-hazard. But since geo-hazard pose potential risks to people, assets and the environment the better knowledge to deal with the huge amount and the high quality of Earth Observation data is required. EO4GEO Project represents the latest challenge to define a standard methodology for the creation of integrated application using EO data and services to carry out geo-hazard risk monitoring, assessment and mitigation options.
GBInSAR monitoring of the Montaguto earthflow
Bollettino Della Societa Geologica Italiana, Feb 1, 2013
Il monitoraggio GBInSAR della frana di Montaguto.Il 10 marzo 2010, in seguito alle incessanti pio... more Il monitoraggio GBInSAR della frana di Montaguto.Il 10 marzo 2010, in seguito alle incessanti piogge dei giorni precedenti, si e verificata la riattivazione della frana di Montaguto. La frana ha coinvolto la Strada Statale “Delle Puglie”, come gia accaduto nel marzo del 2005 e nel settembre del 2009, raggiungendo e danneggiando in questo caso anche il tratto ferroviario della linea Caserta-Foggia. A seguito di cio, sono iniziate le attivita di monitoraggio tramite l?utilizzo della tecnica GBInSAR (Ground Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar), con lo scopo di analizzare la cinematica della frana, pianificare le attivita di messa in sicurezza di somma urgenza degli elementi a rischio e progettare i lavori di stabilizzazione. Questo articolo mostra le risultanze del monitoraggio e l?efficienza degli interventi realizzati.
Copernicus InSAR applications for the protection of Cultural Heritage: EO4GEO use case at Baia Roman Thermae
<p>EO4GEO is an Erasmus+ Project aiming at defining a long-term and sustainable strategy to... more <p>EO4GEO is an Erasmus+ Project aiming at defining a long-term and sustainable strategy to fill the gap between supply of and demand for space/geospatial education and training in the Copernicus domain. To test and validate the approach a series of training actions are ongoing for selected scenarios in three sub-sectors: 1) Integrated Applications, 2) Smart Cities, 3) Climate Change. ISPRA, which includes the Geological Survey of Italy, is contributing to the development of Integrated Applications, coordinating different scenarios fostering the uptake of EO data, services and standardized methodologies of analysis. Available EO data were tested to evaluate their effectiveness and efficiency in different fields (e.g. ground motion monitoring on Cultural Heritage, agro monitoring to support regional decision-making; land change detection, geohazard zoning, risk assessment, etc.). Here we present the preliminary results concerning the InSAR analysis and the development of different training actions on ground motion monitoring on potential slope instabilities affecting Cultural Heritage sites. The selected site is the Roman Thermae at Baia (Naples), being part of the &#8220;Parco Archeologico dei Campi Flegrei&#8221;, located close to active calderas. The area is characterized by a sequence (from the bottom to the top) of volcanic breccia, pyroclastic deposits and surge deposits; Phlegrean Fields represent an exceptional example of volcanic-related subsidence with unrest cycles characterized by intense ground uplift and lowering. The instability phenomena depend mainly on the acclivity of the top sector of the slope, with the activation of small collapse events, and on the lack of ordinary management and maintenance of the area (e.g. invasive vegetation, absence of drainage system). A preliminary InSAR analysis was performed exploiting ERS datasets (1993&#8211;2003), showing regional ground lowering, with deformation rates (5-10 mm/yr) that are consistent with the general down lift cycle affecting the whole area in that that period. Ongoing InSAR data processing are focused on SENTINEL-1 data (April 2016 - August 2020) allowing us to explore most recent evolution of instability phenomena. Data processing has been performed using the SeNtinel&#8217;s Application Platform (SNAP-ESA) and the Stanford Method of Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS). The dataset is composed by 79 descending and 81 ascending scenes, and the single master stack contains 76 interferograms from the descending and 80 from the ascending geometry. Additionally, SRTM DEM was used in the interferometric processing. Obtained results clearly show a ground uplifting in the investigated period, with displacement rates ranging between 5 and 10 mm/yr (5.2 mm/yr average value of the study area). Any differential displacement has been observed on the exposed elements of the site. A training module focused on this use case is under development, thus contributing to fill the gap between supply and demand in the Copernicus domain, main goal of the EO4GEO project. The definition of step-by-step methodology from EO data to final processing will be defined and connected to learning outcomes, sectorial and transversal skills contributing to finalize the main goal of the EO4GEO project.</p>
Remote 3D Mapping and GB-InSAR Monitoring of the Calatabiano Landslide (Southern Italy)
Open image in new window On October 24th 2015, following a period of heavy rainfall, a landslide ... more Open image in new window On October 24th 2015, following a period of heavy rainfall, a landslide triggered in the Calatabiano Municipality (Sicily Island, Southern Italy) causing the rupture of a water pipeline transect of the aqueduct supplying water to the city of Messina. This event, caused critical water shortages for several days to a large part of the city inhabitants. In order to restore the city water supplies, a provisional by-pass, consisting of three 350 m long pipes passing through the landslide area, was carried out. On November 11th 2015, a landslide monitoring system was installed, based on the combined use of advanced remote sensing techniques such as Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (GB-InSAR), Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Infrared Thermography (IRT). The installed monitoring system allowed to: (i) analyze the landslide geomorphological and kinematic features in order to assess the landslide residual risk; (ii) support the early warning ...
The Montaguto earthflow: GB-InSAR monitoring and stabilisation works
Integrated application of Remote sensing and Cultural heritage : the EO4GEO project scenarios
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
Landslides, 2018
In this manuscript, an integrated strategy that exploits both phase and amplitude features of sat... more In this manuscript, an integrated strategy that exploits both phase and amplitude features of satellite SAR (synthetic aperture radar) images and ground data is proposed for deriving the deformation field induced by a complex landslide that affected part of the village of Ponzano (Abruzzi Region, Central Italy). The February 12, 2017, landslide was triggered by the combined effects of intense rainfalls and snowmelt that saturated the slope. The SqueeSAR algorithm was applied to two C-band SAR datasets, composed by Radarsat-2 and Sentinel-1 images, spanning a nineyear time interval before the landslide occurrence. Moreover, the amplitude information carried by two TerraSAR-X images, acquired immediately before and after the event, was exploited to derive the total displacement generated by the landslide movement by means of the RMT (rapid motion tracking) algorithm. The obtained results allow describing the landslide behavior before and after its failure. In particular, the back-monitoring analysis shows that the landslide was already slowly moving, with deformation rates increasing from the Radarsat-2 to the Sentinel-1 monitored periods, 10 years before its complete mobilization. The landslide failure of February 2017 produced maximum displacements of about 10 m in some sectors of the affected area. The registered deformation rates and the localization of the maximum displacements areas were confirmed by field data, collected during a field campaign and a helicopter recognizance of the damaged areas, both performed after the event.
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2017
The shipwreck of the Costa Concordia cruise ship, which ran aground on 13 January 2012 on the nor... more The shipwreck of the Costa Concordia cruise ship, which ran aground on 13 January 2012 on the northwestern coast of Giglio Island (Italy), required continuous monitoring of the position and movement of the vessel to guarantee the security of workers and rescuers operating around and within the wreck and to support shipwreck removal operations. Furthermore, understanding the geomechanical properties and stability behaviour of the coastal rock mass and rocky seabed underlying the ship was of similar importance. To assess the stability conditions of the ship, a ground-based monitoring system was installed in front of the wreck. The network included a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) device, which was used to perform remote semiautomatic geomechanical characterization of the observed rock mass. Using TLS survey techniques, three main discontinuity sets were identified in the granitic rock mass of Giglio Island. Furthermore, a multibeam bathymetric survey was used to qualitatively characterize the seabed. To integrate the processed TLS data and quantitatively describe the rock mass quality, a subsequent field survey was carried out to provide a rock mass geomechanical evaluation (from very good to moderate quality). Based on the acquired information, kinematic and stability analyses were performed to create a spatial prediction of rock failure mechanisms in the study area. The obtained kinematic hazard index values were generally low; only the plane failure index reached slightly higher values. The general stability of the rock mass was confirmed by the stability analysis, which yielded a high safety factor value (approximately 12).
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2017
On 10 March 2010, because of the heavy rainfall in the preceding days, the Montaguto landslide (S... more On 10 March 2010, because of the heavy rainfall in the preceding days, the Montaguto landslide (Southern Italy) reactivated, affecting both state road 90 "Delle Puglie" and the Rome-Bari railway. A similar event occurred on May 2005 and on September 2009. As a result, the National Civil Protection Department (DPC) started an accurate monitoring and analysis program. A monitoring project using the GB-InSAR (ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar) system was emplaced to investigate the landslide kinematics, plan urgent safety measures for risk mitigation and design long-term stabilization work. Here, we present the GB-InSAR monitoring system results and its applications in the observational method (OM) approach. GB-InSAR is an established instrument for longterm campaigns aimed at early warning and monitoring during construction works. Our paper further develops these aspects in that it highlights how the OM based on the GB-InSAR technique can produce savings in terms of cost and time in engineering projects without compromising safety. This study focuses on the key role played by the monitoring activities during the design and planning activities, with special reference to the emergency phase. this was composed of and a near-real-time monitoring GB-InSAR system. The DPC also availed of a robotic total station (RTS) network in order to have two independent systems and to guarantee, in case of any interruption or system breakdown, the landslide monitoring coverage. The RTS Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.
Natural Hazards, 2016
Landslides are common phenomena that occur worldwide and are a main cause of loss of life and dam... more Landslides are common phenomena that occur worldwide and are a main cause of loss of life and damage to property. The hazards associated with landslides are a challenging concern in many countries, including Italy. Over the last 15 years, an increasing number of applications have aimed to demonstrate the applicability of images captured by space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors in slope instability investigations. InSAR (SAR interferometry) is currently one of the most exploited techniques for the assessment of ground displacements, and it is becoming a consolidated tool for Civil Protection institutions in addressing landslide risk. This paper presents a subset of
The ground-based InSAR monitoring system at Stromboli volcano: linking changes in displacement rate and intensity of persistent volcanic activity
Bulletin of Volcanology, 2014
ABSTRACT Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Archipelago, Southern Italy) experienced an increase in its v... more ABSTRACT Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Archipelago, Southern Italy) experienced an increase in its volcanic activity from late December 2012 to March 2013, when it produced several lava overflows, major Strombolian explosions, crater-wall collapses pyroclastic density currents and intense spatter activity. An analysis of the displacement of the NE portion of the summit crater terrace and the unstable NW flank of the volcano (Sciara del Fuoco depression) has been performed with a ground -based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (GBInSAR) by dividing the monitored part of the volcano into five sectors, three in the summit vents region and two in the Sciara del Fuoco. Changes in the displacement rate were observed in sectors 2 and 3. Field and thermal surveys revealed the presence of an alignment of fumaroles confirming the existence of an area of structural discontinuity between sectors 2 and 3. High displacement rates in sector 2 are interpreted to indicate the increase in the magmastatic pressure within the shallow plumbing systems, related to the rise of the magma level within the conduits, while increased displacement rates in sector 3 are connected to the lateral expansion of the shallow plumbing system. The increases and decreases in the displacement rate registered by the GBInSAR system in the upper part of the volcano have been used as a proxy for changes in the pressure conditions in the shallow plumbing system of Stromboli volcano and hence to forecast the occurrence of phases of higher-intensity volcanic activity.
Landslides, 2016
On 24 October 2015, following a period of heavy rainfall, a landslide occurred in the Calatabiano... more On 24 October 2015, following a period of heavy rainfall, a landslide occurred in the Calatabiano Municipality (Sicily Island, Southern Italy), causing the rupture of a water pipeline supplying water to the city of Messina. Following this event, approximately 250,000 inhabitants of the city suffered critical water shortages for several days. Consequently, on 6 November 2015, a state of emergency was declared (O.C.D.P. 295/2015) by the National Italian Department of Civil Protection (DPC). During the emergency management phase, a provisional bypass , consisting of three 350-m long pipes passing through the landslide area, was constructed to restore water to the city. Furthermore, on 11 November 2015, a landslide remote-sensing monitoring system was installed with the following purposes: (i) analyse the landslide geomorphological and kinematic features in order to assess the residual landslide risk and (ii) support the early warning procedures needed to ensure the safety of the personnel involved in the bypass construction and the landslide stabilization works. The monitoring system was based on the combined use of Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (GB-InSAR) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). In this work, the preliminary results of the monitoring activities and a remote 3D map of the landslide area are presented.
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Papers by federica ferrigno