There can not be two opinions on the importance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)... more There can not be two opinions on the importance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for economic development. However, real disparities exist in access to and use of ICT across countries. The digital divide is a complicated matter of varying levels of access, basic usage, and applications of ICT among countries and peoples. Using the Gompertz Technology Diffusion model, this paper attempts to measure the contribution of factors such as affordability, knowledge, infrastructure, human capital, trade openness, and economic and social environment in the technology diffusion process, specially in the case of information-poor countries.
Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), 2015
Marginality and social exclusion are the pertinent concepts that researchers have tried to link d... more Marginality and social exclusion are the pertinent concepts that researchers have tried to link directly or indirectly with the universal issues of poverty and resource constraints. This research tries to find out the extent of multidimensional poverty and its determinants among Christian community living in the slums of the Lahore city of Pakistan, after considering them at the margin of socio-economic systems due to some causal complexes that exclude them from the growth prospects. The urban context is the particular focus of this paper. On the basis of the analytical framework developed, study examines the relationship between marginality and poverty in a systematic manner and investigates the multidimensional poverty among the identified marginal group through a self-administered survey of 1380 individuals belonging to this minority group. We find these people as multidimensional poor, when we apply Alkire and Foster (2011) methodology. The study calculates intensity, depth and severity (M0, M1, and M2) measures of poverty to show more than half of population as multidimensional poor. The later analysis makes the use of Logit and Probit regression techniques to exhibit a strong impact of socio-economic and demographic determinants on the poverty profiles of Christian community.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 15, 2022
This study examines the monetary credibility of ASEAN+3+3 countries (APSCs) against three potenti... more This study examines the monetary credibility of ASEAN+3+3 countries (APSCs) against three potential anchors i.e. China, Japan and USA. The time-varying credibility index is based on Capital Assets Price Model (CAPM) methodology which is estimated with Kalman Filter Algorithm (KFA). In multivariate Markov regime switching (MRS) models, the credibility index is made dependent on macro-fundamentals with asymmetric effects in two regimes. In other multivariate MRS models the time-varying transition probabilities (TVTPs) are influenced by macro-fundamentals and cause switching between the two credibility regimes (high and low). The noteworthy results are found against USA vis-à-vis against China and Japan. We conclude that USA could relatively be an ideal choice of anchor for APSCs.
Marginality and social exclusion are the pertinent concepts that researchers have tried to link d... more Marginality and social exclusion are the pertinent concepts that researchers have tried to link directly or indirectly with the universal issues of poverty and resource constraints. This research tries to find out the extent of multidimensional poverty and its determinants among Christian community living in the slums of the Lahore city of Pakistan, after considering them at the margin of socio-economic systems due to some causal complexes that exclude them from the growth prospects. The urban context is the particular focus of this paper. On the basis of the analytical framework developed, study examines the relationship between marginality and poverty in a systematic manner and investigates the multidimensional poverty among the identified marginal group through a self-administered survey of 1380 individuals belonging to this minority group. We find these people as multidimensional poor, when we apply Alkire and Foster (2011) methodology. The study calculates intensity, depth and ...
European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2018
This study examines the association between money supply, inflation, government expenditure, and ... more This study examines the association between money supply, inflation, government expenditure, and economic growth in Pakistan from 1972 to 2015. “ARDL Bounds Testing Approach” for “Co-integration and ECM Technique” were applied to study the long and short run relationship among the above mentioned variables. “Granger Causality Test” was applied to find out the direction of causality. The results find a long run association between Economic Growth, Government Expenditure, and Inflation. The results of “ECM” show the short run relationship among the above mentioned variables; however, the speed of adjustment is slow which slightly less than 20% is. “Granger Causality” test reveals that “causality runs from Inflation to Economic Growth” while causality between Inflation and Government Expenditure. Inflation and Money Supply is bidirectional. It is concluded that both monetary and fiscal policies have an impact on economic growth.
Labour has always been considered as major source of income and livelihood, and the labour market... more Labour has always been considered as major source of income and livelihood, and the labour market of Pakistan which provides an important source to alleviate poverty and raise the standard of living. The characteristics of labour i.e. age, gender, location, caste and religion makes labour market highly segmented. And these factors often make buyer bias which indeed causes a discrimination and exclusion in labour market. This study tries to investigate the issue of social exclusion which has been faced by marginalised class in labour force participation. While analysing trends of marginalised labour force participation, the role of social networks also take into account. The marginalised labour force has been selected based on religion and gender (minorities, women, transgender) which is the part of formal and informal labour market of the city Lahore, Pakistan. The study use logit modelling to analyse the role of social exclusion and other determinants in labour force participation ...
Historically poverty as a concept was considered to be a key factor to design social policy. The ... more Historically poverty as a concept was considered to be a key factor to design social policy. The social development normally is concerned with socio-economic empowerment of the poor of the concerned society. It is always been a key issue for developing as well as developed countries, however the nature and treatment of issue varies. The treatment of poverty is different from society to society. In advanced countries, an individual who is unable to actively participate in society or has weak social network, environment, health and education etc. is considered to be poor. Financial empowerment is also considered to be important in these countries but it takes into account with other dimensions of poverty [Lyberak and Tinios (2005)]. However, in developing countries, policy focus is still on uni-dimensional definition of poverty where a single dimension either consumption or income is a strong factor that affects the standard of living of an individual [Wagle (2005)]. Though the multid...
International Journal of Business and Economics Research, 2019
The study analyzes the impact of public expenditure components on economic growth in the Ethiopia... more The study analyzes the impact of public expenditure components on economic growth in the Ethiopian economy using annual time series data for the period 1982-2016. The study uses public expenditure variables from economic infrastructures (agriculture, road and energy), social infrastructure (education) and recurrent and capital expenditure components. With the help of co-integration and vector error correction analysis, the impact of various areas of public expenditures was assessed in the long-run as well as in the short-run. The study found that public expenditure components at all have a significant positive effect on economic growth in the long-run but they have insignificant impact in the short-run except education and road. Expenditure on education and road has both short-run and long run effects on economic growth. The impact of educational expenditure on economic growth is highly significant and positive which have powerful role in promoting the country's economic growth compared to other variables. In the short run the impact of education on economic growth is negative and significant whereas that of road expenditure is significant and positive. Based on the results of the cointegrated and vector error correction model, this study found that, it is better and advisable to have an excessive expenditure on education and road construction than other areas of public expenditure, so as to accelerate economic growth in Ethiopia.
Social Capital and Economic Growth: Evidence from OECD Countries
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2011
ABSTRACT This paper examines the effect of social capital on economic growth in the framework of ... more ABSTRACT This paper examines the effect of social capital on economic growth in the framework of the augmented-augmented Solow model, where social capital enters as a third factor input in the production function along with physical and human capitals. We use data from 21 OECD countries for the period 1984-2007 and Pooled Mean Group estimators to assess the long-run impact of social capital measured by the interaction term of generalized trust proxied by CIM and institutional development. The empirical findings uncover a statistically significant and positive effect of the proposed social capital measure on income growth, robust to mean differencing the variables, the choice of the lag order and the omission of each country from the sample. Further investigation on the performance of the augmented Solow model in error correction form evidence first, the growth enhancing role of institutions-adjusted human capital; second, the complementary role of human and social capitals, and, third, the positive effect of social capital itself on per capita growth in the absence of human capital.
There can not be two opinions on the importance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)... more There can not be two opinions on the importance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for economic development. However, real disparities exist in access to and use of ICT across countries. The digital divide is a complicated matter of varying levels of access, basic usage, and applications of ICT among countries and peoples. Using the Gompertz Technology Diffusion model, this paper attempts to measure the contribution of factors such as affordability, knowledge, infrastructure, human capital, trade openness, and economic and social environment in the technology diffusion process, specially in the case of information-poor countries.
Assessment of the occupational radiation exposure doses to workers at INMOL Pakistan (2007-11)
Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2013
The assessment of occupationally exposed medical radiation workers at the Institute of Nuclear Me... more The assessment of occupationally exposed medical radiation workers at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology (INMOL), Pakistan has been perfomed. The whole-body radiation exposure doses of 120 workers in nuclear medicine (NM), radiotherapy (RT) and diagnostic radiology (DR) were measured by using the film badge dosimetry technique for the time interval (2007-11) and their results presented. The annual average effective doses in NM, RT and DR were found to be well below the permissible annual limit of 20 mSv (averaged over a period of 5 consecutive y). The declining trend observed in the annual average dose values during the time interval (2007-11) is an indication of ameliorated radiation protection practices at INMOL, Pakistan.
The paper uses a veil of ignorance approach and income distribution data of developed countries t... more The paper uses a veil of ignorance approach and income distribution data of developed countries to arrive at inequality corrected income rankings. While a risk neutral individual (based on year 2000 data) would have preferred to be born into the US rather than any European country in our sample except Luxembourg, a coefficient of relative risk aversion of 2 suffices to make several European countries look preferable. The paper also sheds light on the risk corrected average income on a gender basis and scans for times of diminished expectations, i.e. periods where the expected utility of being born into a country has reduced over time.
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Papers by Tasneem Zafar