Papers by Sudhanshu Kumar
During pregnancy, maternal liver exhibits robust growth to meet the metabolic demands of the deve... more During pregnancy, maternal liver exhibits robust growth to meet the metabolic demands of the developing placenta and fetus. Although hepatocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia are seen in the maternal liver, the molecular and cellular mechanisms mediating the maternal hepatic adaptations to pregnancy is poorly understood. Previous microarray analysis revealed a most upregulated gene named Ascl1, a transcription factor essential for neural development, in the maternal liver at mid-gestation. The aims of the study were to (1) validate the activation of Ascl1 gene; (2) identify Ascl1-expressing cells; and (3) determine the fate of Ascl1-expressing cells, in the maternal liver during the course of gestation. Timed pregnancy was setup in mice and the maternal livers were collected at various stages of gestation. Maternal hepatic Ascl1 mRNA expression was evaluated by qRT-PCR and northern blotting. The results demonstrated that the transcript level of maternal hepatic Ascl1 is exponentially i...
A Modified Controller for Solar PV Grid Tied Multilevel Inverter
2019 Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT), 2019
With the increased share of renewables in power generation grid tied multilevel Inverters find a ... more With the increased share of renewables in power generation grid tied multilevel Inverters find a greater use. The vector control scheme has been implemented in the reference frame rotating at synchronous speed based on the independent control of real and apparent flow of power from the inverter to the grid. The currents injected in to the grid are controlled with two current control loops, one for the direct axis and other for the quadrature axis. Here, a lag compensator is taken as a controller technique for grid interface inverter to mitigate the power quality issues. The Insulating Gate Bipolar Transistor has forms as semiconductor switch for the parallel connected Voltage Source Inverter. The switching control employs SPWM technique in which a high frequency carrier is modulates with sinusoidal wave of grid frequency. The mathematical model of the inverter and its operation for power quality improvement has been validate and represents by the simulation.
Kumar, Sudhanshu. M.S., Purdue University, August 2013. Identification and lineage tracing of Asc... more Kumar, Sudhanshu. M.S., Purdue University, August 2013. Identification and lineage tracing of Ascl1-expressing cells in maternal liver during pregnancy. Major Professor: Guoli Dai. During pregnancy, maternal liver exhibits robust growth to meet the metabolic demands of the developing placenta and fetus. Although hepatocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia are seen in the maternal liver, the molecular and cellular mechanisms mediating the maternal hepatic adaptations to pregnancy is poorly understood. Previous microarray analysis revealed a most upregulated gene named Ascl1, a transcription factor essential for neural development, in the maternal liver at mid-gestation. The aims of the study were to (1) validate the activation of Ascl1 gene; (2) identify Ascl1-expressing cells; and (3) determine the fate of Ascl1-expressing cells, in the maternal liver during the course of gestation. Timed pregnancy was setup in mice and the maternal livers were collected at various stages of gestation. M...
The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2020
AIM AND OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of 2% lignocaine and 4% articaine in the extraction of ... more AIM AND OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of 2% lignocaine and 4% articaine in the extraction of mandibular molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on 120 patients requiring surgical removal of tooth. Patients were categorized into 2 groups with 60 samples each. Group I patients were administered 2% lignocaine with 1:50,000 epinephrine and group II patients were administered 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine for the extraction of mandibular molar. Inferior alveolar nerve, lingual, and buccal nerve block used in both groups to anesthetize the area. RESULTS The mean onset of action in group I was 85.2 seconds and in group II was 52.6 seconds, duration of anesthesia in group I was 170.2 minutes and in group II was 226.8 minutes, duration of procedure was 30.4 minutes in group I and 32.6 minutes in group II, pain during procedure in group I was 2.75 and in group II was 1.42, pain after procedure was 1.41 in group I and 0.82 in group II, pain during anesthesia insert...
Investigation of Electrostatic Actuation Scheme for Low Voltage MEMS Switch
A low voltage MEMS switch based on electrostatic actuation scheme is introduced and investigated ... more A low voltage MEMS switch based on electrostatic actuation scheme is introduced and investigated thoroughly. Design variables are length, width, thickness of cantilever, and location of pull down electrode, for micro actuator. The model obtained is simulated in FEM-based software COMSOL multiphysics. In our proposed design, the effect of presence of holes, mechanical stress, actuation voltage, and change in location of pull down electrode has been explained. With the help of structural modification and by varying actuation voltage, the optimized value of 8 V is obtained which is desirable for noble performance. The capacitance is varied with the variation of dimensions and gap between two plates of beam structure with applied force, which is the basic principle of electrostatic actuation scheme.
COVID-19 slowdown induced improvement in air quality in India: rapid assessment using Sentinel-5P TROPOMI data
Geocarto International, 2021
The COVID-19 lock/slow down affected humanity and livelihood, while it showed some positive effec... more The COVID-19 lock/slow down affected humanity and livelihood, while it showed some positive effects on the environment with improvement in air quality indicators. Though many studies published after COVID-19 first phase lockdown observed reduction in pollutants over India, no studies yet compared the air quality indicators over the two lock/slow down windows during 2020–2021. This study reports results of rapid assessment of seven air quality indicators such as Nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), Sulphur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), Carbon monoxide (CO), Aerosol (Ultraviolet Aerosol Index, UVAI), and Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) for the past three years on monthly time scale using TROPOMI (Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument) data on GEE (Google Earth Engine) platform over India, with focus on the Gangetic plain, an air pollution hotspot. Significant reduction in NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, HCHO and Absorbing Aerosol Index (AAI) was observed during March–May 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019, while the levels of NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, HCHO and CO increased significantly in 2021 compared to March–May 2020. This suggests that COVID-19 lock/slow down in 2020 played a significant role in improving air quality indicators, while the relaxation in 2021 has led to detoriation, compared to 2020. The pyrogenic (forest fire and slash and burn agriculture) and agricultural (wet crop) sources were identified to contaminate the expression of slow/lock down effects on air quality indicators such as HCHO, CO and CH<sub>4</sub> over India.
Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020
EDM machines are expected to become more advanced in the future and enhance the productivity and ... more EDM machines are expected to become more advanced in the future and enhance the productivity and efficiency of the system. Literatures are evident that research interest in electrical discharge machining process has significantly increased in past decade. EDM process involves the erosion of workpiece through spark which includes melting and vaporization, material transformation from tool, repeatedly solidifications and thermal decomposition of dielectric fluid. This paper aims to provide a brief review of surface modification during electrical discharge machining process.
IP International Journal of Maxillofacial Imaging, 2020
Background: Gender determination of unknown or deceased individual is an important task of forens... more Background: Gender determination of unknown or deceased individual is an important task of forensic sciences. Sometimes, only skull remains are available for identification, in such situations frontal sinus radiographs can be used for gender determination. Objective: The present study was aimed to determine gender among Bihar population using PNS view cephalograph. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 individuals (50-male, 50-female) aged between 20-30 years were included in the study for which height and width of frontal sinus was determined using PNS view radiographs. Results: Significant differences were observed for frontal sinus height and width between males and females. Frontal sinus measurements can be used as a tool for gender determination.
International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing, 2017
The objective of this research work is to perform boring operation in electrical discharge machin... more The objective of this research work is to perform boring operation in electrical discharge machining process on AISI 304 workpiece material. Boring operation was successfully accomplished using tool actuation on radial path in electrical discharge machining process. The diameter of predrilled hole cavities were enlarged to 10 mm bore diameter. The boring operations were performed with three different diameter of tool electrode i.e. 7, 8 and 9 mm at three different orbital speed of tool electrode i.e. 0.05, 0.09 and 0.13 mm/s. The machining responses were measured in terms of material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (R a ) and radial overcut (O c ).
Absence of EWSFL11 fusion in olfactory neuroblastomas indicates these tumors do not belong to the Ewing's sarcoma family
Human Pathology, 1999
... Pathol Annu 28 (part 2):77I 11, 1993 3. TaxyJB, Bharani NK, Mills SE, et al: The spectrum of ... more ... Pathol Annu 28 (part 2):77I 11, 1993 3. TaxyJB, Bharani NK, Mills SE, et al: The spectrum of olfactory neural tumors: A light microscopic, immunohistochemical and ultra structural analysis ... VanDevanter DR, George D, McNutt MA, et al: Trisomy 8 in primary esthesioneuroblastoma ...
Effect of Orbital Tool Actuation during Electro Discharge Machining Process - A Critical Review
Journal of the Association of Engineers, India, 2015
Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) is the most extensively used unconventional machining process i... more Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) is the most extensively used unconventional machining process in dies and molds industries. However, its capabilities are limited by high tooling cost and low material removal rate. Researchers have explored a number of ways to improve the performance of EDM process performance, one of the ways being orbital tool movement. The experimental and theoretical studies show that process performance can be improved considerably by tool orbiting along with proper selection of operating parameters. The orbital movement of tool electrode reduces the debris concentration at the discharge gap and thus reduces unstable machining and arcs. Tool orbiting allows standard sized electrodes to be used for a wide range of hole sizes and eliminates the need for custom made electrodes altogether. This paper contains the review of the research works carried out so far in the area of orbital EDM of different materials and shapes. It critically reports the available experimental and theoretical studies of orbital EDM to improve the process performance. In the final part of the paper, an outline is provided for trends in future research possibilities.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, May 17, 2016
Serum albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and has a long half-life due to neonatal Fc rec... more Serum albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and has a long half-life due to neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) mediated transcytosis by many cell types including proximal tubule cells of the kidney. Albumin also interacts with, and is modified by, many small and large molecules. Therefore, the focus of this study was to address the impact of specific known biologic albumin modifications on albumin-FcRn binding and cellular handling. Binding at pH 6.0 and 7.4 was performed since FcRn binds albumin strongly at acidic pH and releases it following transcytosis at physiological pH. Equilibrium dissociation constants (KDs) were measured using microscale thermophoresis. Since studies have shown that glycated albumin is excreted in the urine at a higher rate than unmodified albumin we studied glucose and methylgloxal modified albumins (21day). All had reduced affinity to FcRn at pH 6.0 suggesting these albumins would not be returned to the circulation via the transcytotic pathway. To address...
A Parametric study of radial tool actuation in orbital EDM
Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, 2015
Abstract Electrical discharge machining (EDM) has become a widely used nonconventional machining ... more Abstract Electrical discharge machining (EDM) has become a widely used nonconventional machining process in aerospace and die-/mould-making industries. This machining process is capable of machining any electrically conductive material irrespective of its hardness. This machining process requires identical shape of tool electrode with the cavity to be generated, which increases the requirement of tool electrodes. The requirement of tool electrodes can be reduced by the actuating the tool electrode on X, Y and Z axes, this is also called orbiting of tool electrode. The path of tool actuation may follow helical, radial, cylindrical path, etc. In the present investigation, circular hole is generated using radial tool actuation in EDM. An attempt has been made to study the effect of orbital parameters such as orbital radius and orbital speed on material removal rate (MRR). Experiments have been designed using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. Using signal-to-noise ratio, analysis of variance results have been analysed. The results indicate that MRR varies with both orbital radius and orbital speed.
ANFIS Based Prediction Model for Radial Overcut in Micro Holes Generated using Micro Electro Discharge Machining Process
Prediction models have wide range of application in the field of manufacturing as it can reduce t... more Prediction models have wide range of application in the field of manufacturing as it can reduce time and cost for experimentation to identify the influence of a parameter or a set of parameters on a response under consideration. This paper deals with the development of an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model for predicting inaccuracy in micro holes generated by Micro Electro Discharge Machining (MEDM) Process. The model has been developed using Fuzzy Logic Toolbox available in MATLAB software package. The inaccuracy in the micro holes generated has been estimated in terms of radial overcut. The Fuzzy Inference System for the development of the model has been generated using the concept of subtractive clustering. Values of design parameters used for developing the FIS have been identified through detailed analysis and the model has been developed using the combination of parameter values resulted in least Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Results obtained using the model ...
Metal Concentrations and Lead Isotopic Fingerprint of New Delhi Aerosols during a Dust Storm Event in March 2012
PLoS ONE, 2012
Partial hepatectomy (PH) triggers hepatocyte proliferation-mediated liver repair and is widely us... more Partial hepatectomy (PH) triggers hepatocyte proliferation-mediated liver repair and is widely used to study the mechanisms governing liver regeneration in mice. However, the dynamics of the hepatocyte proliferative response to PH remain unclear. We found that PH-induced mouse liver regrowth was driven by four consecutive waves of hepatocyte replication. The first wave exhibited the highest magnitude followed by two moderate waves and one minor wave. Underlying this continuous hepatocyte replication was persistent activation of cell cycle components throughout the period of liver regeneration. Hepatocyte mitotic activity in the first three proliferative cycles showed a circadian rhythm manifested by three corresponding mitosis peaks, which were always observed at Zeitgeber time 0. The Bmal1-Clock/Wee1/Cdc2 pathway has been proposed by others to govern the circadian rhythm of hepatocyte mitosis during liver regeneration. However, we did not observe the correlations in the expression or phosphorylation of these proteins in regenerating livers. Notably, Bmal1 protein displayed frequent changes in hepatic distribution and cellular localization as the liver regrowth progressed. Further, three waves of hepatic fat accumulation occurred during hepatic regeneration. The first started before and lasted through the first round of hepatocyte proliferation, whereas the second and third occurred concomitantly with the second and third mitotic peaks, respectively. PH-induced liver regeneration consists of four continuous waves of hepatocyte proliferation coupled with three waves of hepatic fat accumulation. Bmal1, Wee1, and Cdc2 may not form a pathway regulating the circadian rhythm of hepatocyte mitosis during liver regeneration.
Organic Preparations and Procedures International, 2003
A Mild and Efficient Method for Racemization of α-Amino Esters. -A very simple and practical meth... more A Mild and Efficient Method for Racemization of α-Amino Esters. -A very simple and practical method for the racemization of the known drug clopidogrel (I), that can be performed on a large scale, is developed and applied to the racemization of a variety of α-amino esters (II) (13 examples). -(RAMACHANDRAN*, U.;
Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 2012
Empirical estimates of the Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) intervention reaction function suggest t... more Empirical estimates of the Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) intervention reaction function suggest that the central bank actively intervenes in the foreign exchange market to contain volatility but this intervention is neither continuous nor linear. It is better described by a nonlinear policy reaction function with a target range as opposed to a point target. It responds much more vigorously to appreciating or depreciating pressure outside the target range but the response is much more muted within the range. Moreover, the tolerance band is asymmetric i.e., the RBI responds much more strongly to appreciating pressure than depreciating pressure. Such a policy response in an era of continuous net capital inflows accounts for the large build-up in foreign exchange reserves witnessed in India in the recent past.
Journal of Cell Science, 2013
Pregnancy induces widespread adaptive responses in maternal organ systems including the liver. Th... more Pregnancy induces widespread adaptive responses in maternal organ systems including the liver. The maternal liver exhibits significant growth by increasing the number and size of hepatocytes, with largely unknown mechanisms. Nrf2 mediates cellular defense against oxidative stress and inflammation and also regulates liver regeneration. To determine whether Nrf2 is involved in the regulation of maternal hepatic adaptations to pregnancy, we assessed the proliferation and size of maternal hepatocytes and the associated molecular events in wild-type and Nrf2-null mice at various stages of gestation. We found that wild-type maternal hepatocytes underwent proliferation and size reduction during the first half, and size increase without overt replication during the second half, of pregnancy. Although pregnancy decreased Nrf2 activity in the maternal liver, Nrf2 deficiency caused a delay in maternal hepatocyte proliferation, concomitant with dysregulation of the activation of Cyclins D1, E1,...
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Papers by Sudhanshu Kumar