Papers by Soumya Bhattacharyya
Nowadays, multimedia technology is widely applied in everywhere. Data quarrying or mining is an e... more Nowadays, multimedia technology is widely applied in everywhere. Data quarrying or mining is an effective and powerful approach for extracting hidden information from enormous collections of synchronized digital data stored in databases. In digital library Data mining is the key technology. It is required to retrieve the information of text and manage and also retrieve the video information. Multimedia Data Mining is the technique to be used to discover the implicit, effective, valuable and intelligible pattern from a large amount of multimedia data by analyzing the feature of seeing and hearing and then to discover knowledge and obtain the tendency and association among the events. And it can also provide us the ability of decision supporting to resolve the problem. This paper discusses the basic theories of Data Mining and its current approaches.
A new method for SARAL/AltiKa waveform classification: contextual analysis over the Maithon Reservoir, Jharkhand, India
Remote Sensing of the Oceans and Inland Waters: Techniques, Applications, and Challenges, 2016
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Centre National d'études Spatiales ... more The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Centre National d'études Spatiales (CNES) jointly launched SARAL/AltiKa (Satellite with ARgos and ALtiKa) in February 2013. AltiKa is the first mono frequency (Ka-band) radar altimeter with dual frequency radiometer. SARAL/AltiKa promises reliable results on retrieving water level of inland water and coastal bodies, though recognition pattern as well as interpreting and modeling of AltiKa waveforms at land water boundary is still a challenge. Different Retracking methods are widely used for determining the water level more correctly. An altimetry waveform also gives vital information about the reflecting surface. So, waveform classification is many times needed for retrieving surface information or before applying retracking method. In this paper, SARAL/AltiKa 40 Hz waveform dataset (Pass #152) over the Maithon Reservoir, Jharkhand, India were classified using evolutionary minimize indexing function (EMIF) with k-means. A fitness function was used in EMIF to map sampled AltiKa waveforms into single valued scalar. Four waveform groups were identified according to reflection from water, land and land-water boundary. Land-water boundary again divided into two classes viz., land-to-water and water-to-land based on direction of the AltiKa pass over the reservoir. Normalized Differenced Water Index (NDWI) derived from Landsat 8 OLI and Google Earth imagery of nearest date of AltiKa pass was used for accuracy assessment of the proposed method. It was found that the waveforms were classified with 85.7 kappa accuracy. The results of the proposed EMIF will be helpful for identify the SARAL/AltiKa waveforms classes over the inland water bodies.
Evid Based Complement Altern, 2010
Crude ethanolic extract of Thuja occidentalis (Fam: Cupressaceae) is used as homeopathic mother t... more Crude ethanolic extract of Thuja occidentalis (Fam: Cupressaceae) is used as homeopathic mother tincture (TOΦ) to treat various ailments, particularly moles and tumors, and also used in various other systems of traditional medicine. Anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing properties of TOΦ and the thujone-rich fraction (TRF) separated from it have been evaluated for their possible anti-cancer potentials in the malignant melanoma cell line A375. On initial trial by S-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, both TOΦ and TRF showed maximum cytotoxic effect on A375 cell line while the other three principal fractions separated by chromatography had negligible or no such effect, because of which only TRF was further characterized and subjected to certain other assays for determining its precise anti-proliferative and apoptotic potentials. TRF was reported to have a molecular formula of C 10 H 16 O with a molecular weight of 152. Exposure of TRF of Thuja occidentalis to A375 cells in vitro showed more cytotoxic, antiproliferative and apoptotic effects as compared with TOΦ, but had minimal growth inhibitory responses when exposed to normal cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cell). Furthermore, both TOΦ and TRF also caused a significant decrease in cell viability, induced inter-nucleosomal DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial transmembrane potential collapse, increase in ROS generation, and release of cytochrome c and caspase-3 activation, all of which are closely related to the induction of apoptosis in A375 cells. Thus, TRF showed and matched all the anti-cancer responses of TOΦ and could be the main bio-active fraction. The use of TOΦ in traditional medicines against tumors has, therefore, a scientific basis.
Acta Physica Polonica A, 2011
Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) thin lms were deposited by radio frequency sputtering technique on fused sil... more Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) thin lms were deposited by radio frequency sputtering technique on fused silica substrates. The X-ray diraction study of the Cu2O samples showed reections from and planes of cubic Cu2O. The samples were then annealed at 1008 K in nitrogen (N2) atmosphere. Annealed samples indicated strain relaxation. The samples were then characterized optically by measuring the transmittance using an ultraviolet-visible-near infrared photospectrometer. The band gap of the as-deposited samples were found to be ≈ 2.1 eV, whereas the annealed samples had a band gap of ≈ 2.6 eV. The transient photocurrent decay measurements of the annealed lms indicated slow non-exponential power law decays in several time windows, indicating multiple trapping of the carriers in the deep defects within the band gap. The steady-state photo and dark current measurement and persistent photocurrent (PPC) was carried out on the annealed samples. In general, the photocurrent was found to be much smaller than the dark current. The steady-state and transient photocurrent measurements were utilized to determine the carrier lifetime-mobility product, ⟨µτ ⟩ of the samples and to determine the carrier mobility, ⟨µ⟩.
Rapid green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate by a homeopathic mother tincture Phytolacca Decandra
Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, May 1, 2012
Objective: To examine if a homeopathic mother tincture (Phytolacca Decandra) is capable of precip... more Objective: To examine if a homeopathic mother tincture (Phytolacca Decandra) is capable of precipitating silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate (AgNO(3)) and to characterize the biosynthesized nanoparticles for evaluating their biological activities. Methods: A total of 100 mg of AgNO(3) was added to 20mL of Milli-Q water and stirred vigorously. Then 5mL of the homeopathic mother tincture of Phytolacca Decandra (ethanolic root extract of Phytolacca decandra) was added and stirred continuously. Reduction took place rapidly at 300K and completed in 10 min as shown by stable light greenish-yellow color of the solution which gave colloid of silver nanoparticles. The colloid solution was then centrifuged at 5000×g to separate the nanoparticles for further use. The nanoparticles were characterized by spectroscopic analysis, particle size analysis and zeta potential measurements, and morphology was analyzed by atomic force microscopy. The drug-DNA interaction was determined by circular dichroism spectrophotometry and melting temperature profiles by using calf thymus DNA as the target. The biological activities were determined using a cancer cell line A549 in vitro and using bacteria Escherichia coli and fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae as test models. Results: Phytolacca Decandra precipitated silver nanoparticles in ambient conditions. The nanoparticles had 91 nm particle size, with polydispersity index of 0.119 and zeta potential of -15.6 mV. The silver nanoparticles showed anticancer and antibacterial properties, but no clear antifungal properties. Conclusion: This could be a novel environment-friendly method to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles using a cost-effective, nontoxic manner. The homeopathic mother tincture may utilize this property of nano-precipitation in curing diseases or disease symptoms.
Green synthesis, characterization and anticancer potential of platinum nanoparticles Bioplatin
Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Jun 1, 2012
In the present study, the anticancer potential of platinum nanoparticles Bioplatin is explored an... more In the present study, the anticancer potential of platinum nanoparticles Bioplatin is explored and the mode of interactions of Bioplatin with calf thymus DNA and honey was analyzed. Bioplatin was synthesized with the help of green nanotechnology and characterized by particle size, zeta potential and surface morphology. The interaction of Bioplatin with DNA and honey was also checked with the help of circular dichroism spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The anticancer potential of Bioplatin was evaluated on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and A375 cells in vitro by analyzing results of MTT (3-(4,5)-dimethyl-thiahiazo-(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide), fluorescence microscopic studies and DNA fragmentation assay. Bioplatin exhibited a small particle size of 137.5 nm and a surface charge of -35.8 mV. Bioplatin interacted with DNA and brought in effective changes in structure and conformation of DNA, and formed a new complex that increased its stability of DNA intercalated with the base pair of DNA. In vitro studies demonstrated that Bioplatin arrested cell proliferation, and induced chromatin condensation and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Bioplatin induces apoptosis in cancer cells and may have some beneficial effect against human carcinoma. It interacts with DNA, brings stabilization to DNA, and thus prevents the replication of DNA.
Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine, May 27, 2010
Poly (vinyl) alcohol stabilized aqueous ferrofluids (PVA-ff) were used as nanotemplates for the c... more Poly (vinyl) alcohol stabilized aqueous ferrofluids (PVA-ff) were used as nanotemplates for the crystallization of calcium hydroxyapatite (HAp). Four sets of PVA-ff-HAp nanocomposites were synthesized using 20, 40, 60 and 80 ml of PVA-ff for the same initial constituents of HAp. Various physico-chemical analyses suggest that the HAp lattice structure accommodates PVA-ff to a certain extent, beyond which the magnetic intra-molecular interactions predominate and PVA-ff starts to be pushed out of the HAp matrix. The in situ incorporation of PVA-ff during HAp synthesis results in a novel magnetic biomaterial with potential applications as targeted delivery vehicles.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium-Catalyzed Chelation-Assisted Regioselective Oxidative Dehydrogenative Homocoupling/ortho-Hydroxylation in N-Phenylpyrazoles
ChemInform, 2015
Palladium-Catalyzed Chelation-Assisted Regioselective Oxidative Dehydrogenative Homocoupling/Ortho-Hydroxylation in N-Phenylpyrazoles
The Journal of organic chemistry, Jan 7, 2015
A palladium-catalyzed pyrazole-directed regioselective oxidative C(sp2)-H functionalization of th... more A palladium-catalyzed pyrazole-directed regioselective oxidative C(sp2)-H functionalization of the N-phenyl ring in N-phenylpyrazoles to afford either a biaryl bis-pyrazole (via dehydrogenative homocoupling) or N-(o-hydroxyphenyl)pyrazole (via C-H oxygenation) or their mixture is described. The substitutions on the N-phenyl ring and the pyrazole ring and the dilution of the reaction medium with respect to the TFA/TFAA mixture (substrate concentration) have a remarkable influence on the outcome of the reaction. It was discovered that if the reactions were performed under highly dilute conditions (ca. 10 times) then N-(o-hydroxyphenyl)pyrazoles were the major or the sole products.
Polymeric nanoparticle encapsulation of a naturally occurring plant scopoletin and its effects on human melanoma cell A375
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Sep 1, 2010
We formulated nano-encapsulation of a naturally occurring coumarin-scopoletin (7-hydroxy-6-methox... more We formulated nano-encapsulation of a naturally occurring coumarin-scopoletin (7-hydroxy-6-methoxy coumarin, HMC, C(10)H(8)O(4)), isolated from plant Gelsemium sempervirens having anticancer potentials, with a bio-adhesive agent -polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and tested if its cellular uptake, bioavailability and apoptotic (anticancer) potentials could thus be increased vis-a-vis unencapsulated HMC. A375 melanoma cancer cells were used for testing cellular entry and anticancer potentials of HMC and nano-7-hydroxy-6-methoxy coumarin (NHMC) through several standard protocols. Characterization of NHMC was done by dynamic light scattering for determination of particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. Surface morphology of nanoparticles was determined by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. HMC was encapsulated with more than 85% entrapment efficiency, the average particle size of NHMC being less than 110 nm and a PDI 0.237, which resulted in enhanced cellular entry and greater bioavailability. NHMC showed a faster cellular uptake (15 min) than its unencapsulated counterpart (30 min). Study of signal molecules through mRNA expressions revealed that NHMC caused down-regulation of cyclin-D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), survivin and Stat-3, and up-regulation of p53 and caspase-3, that in turn induced a greater number of apoptosis vis-a-vis unencapsulated HMC. The formulation yielded small-sized NHMC by biodegradable PLGA that took less time for cellular entry, and caused more apoptosis to cancer cells, but apparently had negligible cytotoxicity against normal skin cells. Nano-encapsulation of bioactive plant ingredients can be a strategy worth trying for designing effective chemopreventive drug products.
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011
Iodine-mediated divergent synthesis of fused aza-heterocycles via allylamines derived from Morita-Baylis-Hillman chemistry
Iodine which is a mild Lewis acid and electrophilic in nature is known to effect several chemical... more Iodine which is a mild Lewis acid and electrophilic in nature is known to effect several chemical transformations.1 Amongst such reactions, the ones involving activation of π-system are of significant interest as they complement metal-catalyzed processes and lead to formation of useful products. Such reactions proceeds either through formation of a charge transfer complex or via an iodoiranium/iodoirenium intermediate followed by attack of a nucleophile either in an endo or exo fashion. In a program directed towards exploring the synthetic applications of the allylamines obtained from Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) chemistry, it was envisaged that in an aromatic system bearing a 2-ethynyl functionality at ortho-position to the carbon bearing the allyamine subunit upon treatment with iodine may offer a facile route to benzoazepines. However it was discovered that treating the allylamine prepared from the MBH adduct of 2-(phenylethynyl)benzaldehyde with alkylacrylate with iodine resulted...
Tungsten trioxide nanostructured electrodes for organic dye sensitised solar cells
International Journal of Nanotechnology, 2014
ABSTRACT Tungsten trioxide (WO<sub align="right"> 3 ) nanospheres... more ABSTRACT Tungsten trioxide (WO<sub align="right"> 3 ) nanospheres with diameter ranging from 10 nm to 500 nm were synthesised by a facile thermal oxidation process. By resistively heating metallic tungsten in oxygen atmosphere, WO<sub align="right"> 3 nanoparticles were produced in high yield. Optical, compositional, morphological and structural studies were performed by UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. XPS studies revealed the formation of tungsten trioxide with oxygen deficiency. Analysis of the particle size (diameter) distribution of the as-deposited samples obtained from SEM micrograph exhibited a Gaussian-type distribution centred around 178 nm and characterised by a half width of 98.3 nm. As deduced from XRD analysis, the as-prepared tungsten trioxide (WO<sub align="right"> 3 ) nanoparticles were polycrystalline in nature and crystallised in the monoclinic phase. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was applied in coating the synthesised tungsten oxide nanoparticles onto fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated quartz substrates for the fabrication of dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSC), with henna (Lawsonia inermis) as the natural organic dye. Nanoparticle suspension in double distilled water was used in the EPD process with an optimal electric field of 20 Vcm<sup align="right"> −1 at a current density of 1 mA/cm<sup align="right"> 2 . DSSCs developed using these films were tested through the measurement of their current density-voltage (J-V) and spectral photocurrent characteristics. A maximum IPCE of about 32% was obtained at around 450 nm.
Procedia Technology, 2014
We have studied the optimal deposition conditions for the production of low-oxygen-content Zinc n... more We have studied the optimal deposition conditions for the production of low-oxygen-content Zinc nitride films (ZnON) by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD). In particular, substrate temperature has been varied between 100 and 500 ºC. The film properties, particularly its morphology, showed a strong dependence on substrate temperature. Substrate temperatures beyond 350ºC led to highly crystalline and smooth films with a band gap of 3.32 eV and with resistivities ranging from 10 -2 to 100 Ωcm. Film quality and surface oxygen content changed rapidly with exposure to air as evidenced by XPS analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: An Alternate Route to Substituted 6,7-Dihydro 5H-Dibenz[c,e]azepines from Allylbenzamides Derived from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman Adducts
ChemInform, 2014
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid loaded nano-insulin has greater potentials of combating arsenic induced hyperglycemia in mice: Some novel findings
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2013
Diabetes is a menacing problem, particularly to inhabitants of groundwater arsenic contaminated a... more Diabetes is a menacing problem, particularly to inhabitants of groundwater arsenic contaminated areas needing new medical approaches. This study examines if PLGA loaded nano-insulin (NIn), administered either intraperitoneally (i.p.) or through oral route, has a greater cost-effective anti-hyperglycemic potential than that of insulin in chronically arsenite-fed hyperglycemic mice. The particle size, morphology and zeta potential of nano-insulin were determined using dynamic light scattering method, scanning electronic and atomic force microscopies. The ability of the nano-insulin (NIn) to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was also checked. Circular dichroic spectroscopic (CD) data of insulin and nano-insulin in presence or absence of arsenic were compared. Several diabetic markers in different groups of experimental and control mice were assessed. The mitochondrial functioning through indices like cytochrome c, pyruvate-kinase, glucokinase, ATP/ADP ratio, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell membrane potential and calcium-ion level was also evaluated. Expressions of the relevant marker proteins and mRNAs like insulin, GLUT2, GLUT4, IRS1, IRS2, UCP2, PI3, PPARγ, CYP1A1, Bcl2, caspase3 and p38 for tracking-down the signaling cascade were also analyzed. Results revealed that i.p.-injected nano-encapsulated-insulin showed better results; NIn, due to its smaller size, faster mobility, site-specific release, could cross BBB and showed positive modulation in mitochondrial signaling cascades and other downstream signaling molecules in reducing arsenic-induced-hyperglycemia. CD data indicated that nano-insulin had less distorted secondary structure as compared with that of insulin in presence of arsenic. Thus, overall analyses revealed that PLGA nano-insulin showed better efficacy in combating arsenite-induced-hyperglycemia than that of insulin and therefore, has greater potentials for use in nano-encapsulated form.
Complex dielectric function in lead-free NKN films
Proceedings of 2012 21st IEEE Int. Symp. on Applications of Ferroelectrics held jointly with 11th IEEE European Conference on the Applications of Polar Dielectrics and IEEE PFM, ISAF/ECAPD/PFM 2012, 2012
ABSTRACT We use optical transmission spectroscopy and spectral ellipsometry (SE) to determine the... more ABSTRACT We use optical transmission spectroscopy and spectral ellipsometry (SE) to determine the real and imaginary part of the complex dielectric function in both ceramic samples and thin films of lead-free NaxK1-xNbO3 (NKN). Thin films of NKN were prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) from ceramic NKN targets. The optical band gap from transmission measurements in thin films yield an optical band gap of 3.94 or 3.55 eV, depending on whether direct or indirect transitions, respectively, are assumed. The fit procedure of SE results, based on the Tauc-Lorentz model, resulted in a band gap for films of 3.66 eV, whereas the band gap of the thick ceramic samples was 3.79 eV. Examples of amorphous and highly polycrystalline thin films, deposited at 450 and 600 °C, respectively, are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine-Mediated Intramolecular Electrophilic Aromatic Cyclization in Allylamines: A General Route to Synthesis of Quinolines, Pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridines, and Thieno[3,2-b]pyridines
ChemInform, 2013
Development of lead-free materials for piezoelectric energy harvesting
MRS Proceedings, 2011
ABSTRACTMechanical energy harvesting from ambient vibrations is an attractive renewable source of... more ABSTRACTMechanical energy harvesting from ambient vibrations is an attractive renewable source of energy for various applications. Prior research was solely based on lead-containing materials which are detrimental to the environment and health. Therefore, lead-free materials are becoming more attractive for harvesting applications. The present work is focused on the development of lead-free piezoelectric materials based on solid solution having composition (KNa)NbO3-xABO3, (where A = Li, and B = Nb; x = 0, 5, 5.5, 6, and 6.5 wt%). The solid solutions of the above ceramics were prepared by using solid-state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction spectra exhibited single phase formation and good crystallinity with LiNbO3 addition up to x = 6.5 wt%. Dielectric studies reveal that the composition with LiNbO3 = 6.5 wt% exhibits superior properties suitable for piezoelectric energy harvesting applications. The nanoscale piezoelectric data obtained with piezoresponse force microscopy provi...
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Papers by Soumya Bhattacharyya