SSRG international journal of electrical and electronics engineering, Aug 31, 2023
This study highlights the prevalent challenge of energy losses incurred in electrical and electro... more This study highlights the prevalent challenge of energy losses incurred in electrical and electronic systems, providing solutions to reduce or eliminate these energy losses to optimize energy. Marko Rodin, an American, has successfully furthered the concept of the vortex coil technology to what he now calls the Rodin solution, and it is now universally applicable in science, biology, medicine, genetics, astronomy, chemistry, computer science, physics, and astrophysics. Crude versions of the Rodin coil, created and tested by leading scientists and engineers, show 60% more efficiency than anything presently used in antennas, computer research, or life-saving medical devices. Over the years, some techniques have been postulated to optimize energy and enhance technological efficiency. Still, in this report, we shall see how the vortex coil technology tackles issues of inefficiency in Technology.
International Journal of Wireless and Microwave Technologies, 2021
This paper presents an improved hybrid Equal Gain Combiner-Maximal Ratio Combiner (EGC-MRC) diver... more This paper presents an improved hybrid Equal Gain Combiner-Maximal Ratio Combiner (EGC-MRC) diversity scheme in 5G millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency. The term 5G mm-wave refers to the radio frequency spectrum between 24 πΊπ»π§ and 100 πΊπ»π§. The signal interference is a challenging task in 5G mm-wave frequency, and radio network suffer from co-channel and adjacent channel interference. 5G network deployment depends on large number of antennas, which resulted in signal interference. The conventional receiver's diversity techniques have high hardware complexity and are characterized by low performance. A new hybrid EGC-MRC diversity scheme was proposed as an improvement on the performance of existing MRC scheme. In achieving this, Probability Density Function (PDF) of the hybrid model was derived using the instantaneous Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) obtained from the output of MRC and EGC diversity schemes. The performance of the developed model was evaluated using Outage Probability (π ππ’π‘ ) and Processing time (π π‘ ) at different SNR with πΏ number of paths. Simulation of the MRC, EGC and hybrid EGC-MRC models were carried out using MATLAB 2018a and the results compared. The output results showed that hybrid EGC-MRC performed better than EGC and MRC by having a lower π ππ’π‘ and π π‘ . This new model has the potential to mitigate network interference, multipath propagation, and hardware complexity in 5G mm-wave frequency. Therefore, the developed model can be deployed by network operators to solve signal interference in 5G network.
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2018
The need for stable electricity supply in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized as it is a pre-requisi... more The need for stable electricity supply in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized as it is a pre-requisite to economic, social and technical development. The consequences of interruption of supply in the transmission system is considerably high because an outage event in the transmission system can propagate and paralyze a widespread geographical area. This research is based on the reliability analysis of the existing 330kV transmission lines in Benin subregion. The system downtimes, failure rate, duration of repairs were evaluated. The collected data were analyzed mathematically to estimate the reliability of the network and reliability indices computed for each line. The results reveals the weakness of the system in the frequent failures that occurred on six out of the thirteen circuit breakers of the work Centre and the poor maintenance of the others.
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2018
Industrial heavy duty gas turbines (HDGT) are specially designed gas turbines for power generatio... more Industrial heavy duty gas turbines (HDGT) are specially designed gas turbines for power generation employed in critical industries such as power generation, oil and gas, process plants, aviation, as well as domestic and smaller related industries. HDGT automation, supervisory and control system are necessary for proper monitory and regulation of industrial production efficiency management. One of the major limitations to the performance of gas turbines is the inadequate control of the exhaust temperature. A peculiar problem in Trans-Amadi power plant, is the fact that increasing load tend to cause the exhaust temperature to rise to a level that leads to the shutdown of the gas turbine in operation. As a result of the frequent shutdown of the heavy duty gas turbine due to unusual temperature rise in proportion to the load increase, the Trans-Amadi power plant power plant like others experiences high fluctuation. The objective of the research is to improve the performance of the supervision and monitoring control of HDGT exhaust temperature. A controller is designed for a typical HDGT exhaust temperature control. The simulation results of the heavy duty gas turbine model and the controller showed that at 13seconds, desired settling time, the load torque drops to zero because gas turbine is now running on full load and it is steady. Also, when the power rises, the designed controller brings the load (or speed) to a steady state, that is 98% or more rated value at full load while regulating the exhaust temperature below rated value at a time of about 13seconds. The work provides an insight into control performance of a 25MW single shaft heavy duty gas turbine for temperature control like the one in Trans-Amadi power plant.
This paper aims to solve the economic dispatch problem of the 28-bus Nigerian power system using ... more This paper aims to solve the economic dispatch problem of the 28-bus Nigerian power system using genetic algorithm. The power flow solution of the network is first obtained using Newton-Raphson technique; the solution thus obtained is used to determine the loss coefficients of the network. For this study, a forecasted load demand of 2000MW will be considered, MATLAB's genetic algorithm optimization toolbox is used to obtain the optimum generation level of each unit. The optimal power output of each scheduled generating units was obtained after 200 iterations at a minimal generation cost of β¦136,370.205/hr. A power loss of 11.32MW in the network was also obtained using Kron's loss formula.
American Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 2019
The design of a power pool scheme for demand-side management of co-located banks in Owerri metrop... more The design of a power pool scheme for demand-side management of co-located banks in Owerri metropolis, Nigeria has been carried out in this work. The paper addressed the problem of matching instantaneous load demand with appropriate generator capacities which results from dynamic nature of small and medium scale industrial load, such as co-located banks. It also aimed at proffering solutions to health and environmental problems associated with use of scattered single generators per firm. A model for interconnection of generators and loads in a pool structure was developed to form a ring network, analogous to a typical power system. One of the generators in the pool was chosen as the slack bus and the other generators and load buses were arranged in the power pool arrangement such that Newton-Raphson's method could be applied in load flow analysis. With this modeling and application of appropriate schedule, a cooperative pooling model was developed such that only the exact generating capacities were deployed. The proposed model was simulated by paralleling three 200kVA generator units in a synchronized ring network to serve the entire five banks. Results from the load flow analysis showed that the per unit voltage magnitudes at buses 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were 1.000, 0.997, 1.000, 0.998 and 1.000 respectively, while voltage mismatch angles (degree) were also gotten as 0.000, 0.003, 0.024, 0.060 and 0.086 respectively for the buses 1 to 5. From the cost benefit analysis carried out, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 1.965 was calculated, which showed that this project will be very beneficial to the co-operating banks. Scheduling the operations of the three generators using mathematical permutation and combination model showed that the total man-hour of the plant operators is reduced by 40%. Also, applying the greenhouse gases emissions cost model it was found that the carbon footprints i.e. greenhouse cost for the interconnected network is reduced by 40%.
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 2019
This article presents a comprehensive review on the feasibility and challenges of millimeter wave... more This article presents a comprehensive review on the feasibility and challenges of millimeter wave in emerging fifth generation (5G) mobile communication. 5G, a multigigabit wireless network is the next generation wireless communication network. The mmWave cellular system which operates in the 30-300 GHz band has been proposed for use as the propagation channel. Its large bandwidth potential makes it a candidate for the next-generation wireless communication system which is believed to support data rates of multiple Gb/s. High frequency bands such as mmWave have channel impairments. These impairments are challenges that are necessary to be properly understood. Employing mmWave as a propagation channel requires dealing with these challenges which this paper is aimed at reviewing. One aim of the work is to discuss these challenges in a more elaborate manner using simple mathematical equations and graphics to ensure clarity. To achieve this, current related works were studied. Challenges and solutions are identified and discussed. Suggested research directions for future work are also presented. One is developing suitable electronic such as fast analog-to-digital (ADC) and digital-to-analog (DAC) systems necessary for the transmitter/receiver (TX/RX) system.
In power systems, both active and reactive power demands are never steady. Due to sudden load cha... more In power systems, both active and reactive power demands are never steady. Due to sudden load changes, frequency fluctuation problems occur in an interconnected power system. The Load Frequency Control (LFC) reduces the frequency deviation and maintains dynamic performance of the system. Non-linearities have made most of the controllers employed for the LFC inefficient. In this paper, a fuzzy logic proportional integral (PI) controller is proposed to eliminate these setbacks with the conventional controllers. The results showed a reduction in settling time, percent overshoot and steady state error.
Smart grid reliability and efficiency are critical for uninterrupted service, especially amidst g... more Smart grid reliability and efficiency are critical for uninterrupted service, especially amidst growing demand and network complexity. Wide-Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) are valuable tools for mitigating faults and reducing fault-clearing time while simultaneously prioritizing cybersecurity. This review looks at smart grid WAMS implementation and its potential for cyber-physical power system (CPPS) development and compares it to traditional Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) infrastructure. While traditionally used in smart grids, SCADA has become insufficient in handling modern grid dynamics. WAMS differ through utilizing phasor measurement units (PMUs) to provide real-time monitoring and enhance situational awareness. This review explores PMU deployment models and their integration into existing grid infrastructure for CPPS and smart grid development. The review discusses PMU configurations that enable precise measurements across the grid for quicker, more accurate decisions. This study highlights models of PMU and WAMS deployment for conventional grids to convert them into smart grids in terms of the Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM). Examples from developing nations illustrate cybersecurity benefits in cyber-physical frameworks and improvements in grid stability and efficiency. Further incorporating machine learning, multi-level optimization, and predictive analytics can enhance WAMS capabilities by enabling advanced fault prediction, automated response, and multilayer cybersecurity.
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Papers by Samuel Okozi