Now a day's many web sites are growing and which indirectly leads to increase the complexity of w... more Now a day's many web sites are growing and which indirectly leads to increase the complexity of web site designing. To simplify this we have to understand how web sites are being used, how navigation is done, and how many users use it and how much time user spends on pages. This is done using Web Usage Mining. Data sources to usage mining are client side cookies, web server log, software agent etc. This paper presents, how web server log data is preprocesses, which includes data cleaning, user identification and Sessionization, path completion. Once the data is preprocessed it is used for discovering some useful patterns.
It is widely accepted that translational research practitioners need to acquire special skills an... more It is widely accepted that translational research practitioners need to acquire special skills and knowledge that will enable them to anticipate, analyze, and manage a range of ethical issues. While there is a small but growing literature that addresses the ethics of translational research, there is a dearth of scholarship regarding how this might apply to engineers. In this paper we examine engineers as key translators and argue that they are well positioned to ask transformative ethical questions. Asking engineers to both broaden and deepen their consideration of ethics in their work, however, requires a shift in the way ethics is often portrayed and perceived in science and engineering communities. Rather than interpreting ethics as a roadblock to the success of translational research, we suggest that engineers should be encouraged to ask questions about the socio-ethical dimensions of their work. This requires expanding the conceptual framework of engineering beyond its traditional focus on ''how'' and ''what'' questions to also include ''why'' and ''who'' questions to facilitate the gathering of normative, socially-situated information. Empowering engineers to ask ''why'' and ''who'' questions should spur the development of technologies and practices that contribute to improving health outcomes.
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Papers by Rahul Nayak