Ronald Bude

Follower

Following

Public Views

Professor emeritus of radiology at the University of Michigan, still working a bit at my lifelong profession. Now also having a blast in semi-retirement doing research in ancient coins, including some basic science investigations.

less

Interests

Uploads

Papers by Ronald Bude

Case 20

Radiology, Nov 1, 1999

Multimodality imaging of pancreas-kidney transplants

Clinical Imaging, 2020

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Download

Effect of spectacular reflection on out-of-plane ultrasonographic images reconstructed from three-dimensional data sets

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 2000

onstruction of reformatted planar ultrasound images from 3D data sets was described in the last d... more onstruction of reformatted planar ultrasound images from 3D data sets was described in the last decade. Initially, adoption of the technique was hampered by considerable technologic and computational requirements. Recently, however, the technology has improved considerably, so that many studies have evaluated the utility of this method, only a partial listing of which can be cited. Some potential advantages of this technique include (1) ability to visualize anatomic or pathologic features in optimum planes that cannot be insonated directly 2,3,5 ; (2) improved evaluation of organs subject to respiratory motion, as the entire volume data set can be obtained during one breathhold 18 ; (3) ability to perform the data acquisition portion of an ultrasonographic examination very quickly 18 ; and (4) reduced operator dependence, which it is hoped will result in improved standardization and repeatability of examinations. Specular reflectors are hyperechoic when insonated at, or near, perpendicularity, but they exhibit reduced, or absent, echogenicity at other insonation angles. Because of this directionality, we hypothesized that specular reflectors might produce artifacts in planar images reconstructed from 3D data sets, so that an

Download

The effect of contrast material on transcranial Doppler evaluation of normal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity

AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2000

Several recent studies have shown that sonographic contrast agents may affect transcranial Dopple... more Several recent studies have shown that sonographic contrast agents may affect transcranial Doppler evaluation of the arterial peak systolic velocity (PSV). Some investigators reported an increase in PSV, and others reported no change in PSV compared with baseline values. This study was conducted to determine the effect of sonographic contrast agent on PSV measured in normal middle cerebral arteries. Continuous spectral Doppler sonography was performed on the right middle cerebral artery of 20 participants with angiographically proven normal intracranial vasculature. Videotaping was performed in each case from the initiation of the administration of contrast medium until the effect of the contrast agent on the PSV subsided. The PSV values were normalized for each participant, were pooled, and were plotted as a function of time. PSV increased in all participants after the administration of contrast material; the mean maximum increase was 24+/-7.4% (mean +/- standard deviation) (range,...

Download

Comparison Between Color Doppler Twinkling Artifact and Acoustic Shadowing for Renal Calculus Detection: An In Vitro Study

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, 2009

To assess the ability of the color Doppler twinkling artifact to detect renal stones relative to ... more To assess the ability of the color Doppler twinkling artifact to detect renal stones relative to acoustic shadowing, we scanned seven uric acid calculi embedded in a tissue mimicking phantom and in sheep kidneys using a high frequency linear array and a standard curved linear array ultrasound scanheads (L12-5 and C5-2; Philips Ultrasound, Bothel, WA, USA). The stones were scanned in and out of focus. The scans were optimized for shadow formation in gray-scale imaging and for color twinkling in color Doppler imaging. The images were analyzed using Image J (). We calculated the contrast to noise ratios (C/N) for the acoustic shadows and the color twinkling artifact compared with background. These measurements were then evaluated using a single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired two-tailed t tests. With these comparisons, the C/Ns for twinkling were significantly higher than for acoustic shadowing. On average, twinkling produced 19.2 dB greater C/Ns for stones in the phantom and 17.6 dB more for the stones in the kidneys. In addition, ANOVA showed that twinkling is resistant to focusing and scanning frequency differences. The results suggest that the twinkling artifact is a robust method for detecting the presence of renal calculi. The color signature is easier to detect than is acoustic shadowing. Twinkling may be relatively resistant to many of the problems that plague ultrasound examinations for renal stones, i.e., out-of-focus scans that might be caused by beam aberration effects due to patient body habitus.

Download

Sonohysterography: Principles, technique and role in diagnosis of endometrial pathology

World journal of radiology, Jan 28, 2013

Sonohysterography (SHG), which provides enhanced endometrial visualization during standard transv... more Sonohysterography (SHG), which provides enhanced endometrial visualization during standard transvaginal ultrasonography, is a relatively safe procedure for the evaluation of endometrial pathology. It can be used to evaluate patients with abnormal vaginal bleeding or infertility. This modality offers real time imaging of the endometrium without exposure to ionizing radiation. SHG is typically used in patients for whom standard transvaginal ultrasonography does not show the endometrium well, show a potential abnormality for which further imaging is required, or in patients without endometrial pathology defined on routine transvaginal imaging but in whom there is a strong clinical suspicion of an abnormality. This article will discuss the utility of the sonohysterogram in evaluation of various endometrial pathologies. Imaging examples of these pathological entities will be illustrated as well.

Download

Case 20: Biliary Ascariasis1

Radiology, 2000

... Steven Perlmutter, MD, Mineola, NY. Benedito Pinheiro de Abreu Neto, São Paulo, Brazil. Sylvi... more

Sonographic Twinkling Artifact for Renal Calculus Detection: Correlation with CT

Radiology, 2011

To retrospectively correlate sonographic color Doppler twinkling artifact within the kidneys with... more To retrospectively correlate sonographic color Doppler twinkling artifact within the kidneys with unenhanced computed tomography (CT ) in the detection of nephrolithiasis. Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained for this retrospective HIPAA-complaint investigation, and the informed consent requirement was waived. Sonographic imaging reports describing the presence of renal twinkling artifact between January 2008 and September 2009 were identifi ed. Subjects who did not undergo unenhanced abdominal CT within 2 weeks after sonography were excluded. Ultrasound examinations were reviewed by three radiologists working together, and presence, number, location, and size of renal twinkling artifacts were documented by consensus opinion. Sonographic fi ndings were correlated with unenhanced CT (5-mm section width, no overlap) for nephrolithiasis and other causes of twinkling artifact. The number, location, and size of renal calculi at CT were documented.

Download

Effect of Downstream Cross-sectional Area of an Arterial Bed on the Resistive Index and the Early Systolic Acceleration

Radiology, 1999

To evaluate the effect of the increase in total cross-sectional area of arteries as they branch b... more To evaluate the effect of the increase in total cross-sectional area of arteries as they branch beyond the main trunks on the resistive index (RI) and early systolic acceleration (ESA). An essentially noncompliant in vitro model that used a pulsatile pump, blood-mimicking fluid, and a branching tubing network that could be configured to produce a downstream cross-sectional area one, two, four, or eight times that of the feeding vessel was used to investigate the relationship, if any, between arterial bed cross-sectional area and the RI and ESA. The mean ESA in the branching network was inversely proportional to cross-sectional area, decreasing by approximately a factor of two for every doubling of the cross-sectional area. The mean RI in the branching network decreased with increasing cross-sectional area, but not as greatly as the ESA did; the mean RI in the bed with eight times the upstream cross-sectional area had an RI that was approximately three-fourths the upstream RI. These relationships are real, as the slopes of the plots (ESA vs cross-sectional area, P = .001; RI vs cross-sectional area, P &lt; .02) are significantly different from zero. RI and ESA decrease as a result of increasing downstream cross-sectional diameter of the arterial bed.

Relationship between the Resistive Index and Vascular Compliance and Resistance

Radiology, 1999

To evaluate the dependence of the resistive index (RI) on not only vascular resistance but also v... more To evaluate the dependence of the resistive index (RI) on not only vascular resistance but also vascular compliance. An in vitro model that made use of a pulsatile pump, blood-mimicking fluid, and variable compliance and resistance was used to investigate the relationship between the RI and both vascular compliance and resistance. In the absence of vascular compliance, the RI was independent of vascular resistance. With vascular compliance, the RI was dependent on vascular resistance and increased with increasing resistance. The higher the compliance, the more the RI was affected by resistance. The RI is misnamed and should actually be called the &quot;impedance index&quot; because resistance and compliance interact to alter the Doppler arterial waveform. A greater understanding of this relationship may enable future studies that take both resistance and compliance into account to better detect pathologic conditions.

Imaging of the Placenta: A Multimodality Pictorial Review

RadioGraphics, 2009

Note: This copy is for your personal non-commercial use only. To order presentation-ready copies ... more

Download

Imaging of joints with laser-based photoacoustic tomography: An animal study

Medical Physics, 2006

Photoacoustic tomography ͑PAT͒, a nonionizing, noninvasive, laser-based technology was adapted to... more Photoacoustic tomography ͑PAT͒, a nonionizing, noninvasive, laser-based technology was adapted to joint imaging for the first time. Pulsed laser light in the near-infrared region was directed toward a joint with resultant ultrasonic signals recorded and used to reconstruct images that present the optical properties in subsurface joint tissues. The feasibility of this joint imaging system was validated on a Sprague Dawley rat tail model and verified through comparison with histology. With sufficient penetration depth, PAT realized tomographic imaging of a joint as a whole organ noninvasively. Based on the optical contrast, various intra-and extra-articular tissues, including skin, fat, muscle, blood vessels, synovium and bone, were presented successfully in images with satisfactory spatial resolution that was primarily limited by the bandwidth of detected photoacoustic signals rather than optical diffusion as occurs in traditional optical imaging. PAT, with its intrinsic advantages, may provide a unique opportunity to enable the early diagnosis of inflammatory joint disorders, e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, and to monitor therapeutic outcomes with high sensitivity and accuracy.

Download

Pulsus Tardus: Its Cause and Potential Limitations in Detection of Arterial Stenosis

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, 1994

Download

Power Versus Conventional Color Doppler Sonography: Comparison in the Depiction of Vasculature in Liver Tumors

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, 1996

Download

Age Dependency of the Renal Resistive Index in Healthy Children

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, 1992

Imaging of Pancreas Transplants: Postoperative Findings With Clinical Correlation

Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 2009

Pancreas transplantation has become more commonplace over the past several decades. Consequently,... more Pancreas transplantation has become more commonplace over the past several decades. Consequently, the radiological evaluation of patients with such transplants has also become more common. Radiologists must therefore be familiar with the normal imaging appearances of pancreas transplant grafts as well as a wide variety of transplant-related complications. In this article, we review the crosssectional imaging appearances of normal pancreas transplant grafts as well as present representative examples of complications associated with the procedure.

Download

An easily made, low-cost, tissue-like ultrasound phantom material

Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, 1995

Download

Sonographic appearance of extensive hepetic arterial calcification mimicking pneumobilia

Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, 2001

Pneumobilia appears sonographically as intrahepatic linear echogenic regions that often produce d... more Pneumobilia appears sonographically as intrahepatic linear echogenic regions that often produce distal acoustic shadowing. We present a case in which extensive hepatic arterial calcification mimicked the sonographic appearance of pneumobilia. In the appropriate clinical setting, extensive hepatic arterial calcification should be considered when intrahepatic linear echogenic regions are found sonographically.

Comparison of radial and sector array Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) for localization of Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors (PET)

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 1995

Download

Renal transplant evaluation with power Doppler sonography

Academic Radiology, 1996

This study was performed to determine if the marked variation we had previously noted in the powe... more This study was performed to determine if the marked variation we had previously noted in the power Doppler sonographic appearance of renal transplants correlated with disease, 22 renal transplants were scanned with power Doppler at 5 MHz, with biopsies being taken within 1 h in 17 kidneys and within 48 h in four other kidneys. Biopsy was not performed in one kidney with distal ureteral obstruction. Biopsy results were complex with many coexistent abnormalities; classification was based upon the predominant abnormality. Cortical vascularity was subjectively evaluated as normal, decreased or markedly decreased, and graded as 0, 1 or 2, respectively, and was compared with biopsy results, serum creatinine levels and resistive index. Cortical vascularity gradings were: 0 (12 cases); 1 (7 cases); and 2 (3 cases). The large number of disease categories (cellular rejection, 11 cases; vascular rejection, 5 cases; IgA nephropathy, 1 case; cyclosporin toxicity, 3 cases; obstruction, 1 case; and lupus nephropathy, 1 case) in relation to the number of vascular grades and number of kidneys precluded statistical analysis of cortical vascularity for rejection. However, vascularity did not appear to correlate with rejection, the three severest cases of vascular rejection having normal (grade 0) vascularity. There was no statistically significant correlation of vascular grade with creatinine levels or resistive index. In conclusion, subjective analysis of the power Doppler sonographic appearance of renal transplants does not appear to aid in their evaluation.

Ronald Bude

Uploads

Papers by Ronald Bude

Log In