Papers by QuiLive Publishers
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES (JMBID), 2025
Anaemia is a condition in which blood does not contain enough haemoglobin that makes the blood to... more Anaemia is a condition in which blood does not contain enough haemoglobin that makes the blood to be red and also be able to carry oxygen that body cells need. In most developing countries of the world about 50 % of all women, adolescent girls and children are anaemic. Anaemia in pregnancy is identified by the WHO, as haemoglobin concentration less than 11g/dl. The commonest cause of anemia is iron deficiency. Iron is very important in the formation of haemoglobin. Iron deficiency anaemia is called nutritional anaemia. Nigeria is among countries with highest prevalence, about 52% are anaemic. The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge and awareness of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women attending ANC at Fada and Bayan Fada Primary Health Care Centres in Bauchi metropolis. A quantitative cross-sectional study was employed to collect and analyzed all the result. Total number of 317 women, were recruited using homogenous purposive sampling technique, their knowledge, dietary intake and socio-demographic information was obtained using a questionnaire. Out of 317 women, only 80 representing 25.2% of the total have adequate knowledge of Iron Deficiency Anaemia with average mean score of MS 3.70±2.532. The study confirmed a poor knowledge among women attending ante natal care at Fada and Bayan Fada Primary Health Care Centres. With lack of understanding of causes, effects, symptoms and preventive measures of Iron Deficiency Anaemia. It is recommended that primary prevention of increasing advocacy and awareness be prioritized by responsible Government ministries (health and education) and other relevant stakeholders (WHO, UNICEF and NCDC) in the country to increase knowledge of women attending Ante Natal Care towards Iron Deficiency Anaemia.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES (JMBID), 2025
Malaria parasitaemia associated with ABO blood groupings and Rhesus factor associated with patien... more Malaria parasitaemia associated with ABO blood groupings and Rhesus factor associated with patients attending specialist hospital Bauchi was conducted using cross-sectional approach where 306 samples collected and both thick and thin blood film was prepared for the both male and female based on patients' blood groups and Rhesus factor. The microscopic observation revealed that, out of 306 samples, 55% male is infected, while 45% females infected. Blood group A has 36.7% was highly significant than the other blood group types, while Blood group O 14.8% recorded the lowest prevalence. Out of the 306 examined, it was revealed that the 89.7% positive Rhesus factor were infected while 10.3% were negative Rhesus Factor. This study investigated the distribution of these blood group systems and assessed the association of malaria infection with the ABO blood groups among patients attending specialist hospital Bauchi. Blood specimens from venus of 306 patients were examined for malaria parasites using Field stains method. ABO and Rhesus blood group antigens tests were also performed using standard tile protocols. The prevalence of blood group A was highly significant than the other blood group types. There is no consensus association between malaria infection and ABO blood groups but the prevalence of higher malaria parasite density was significantly greater with blood group A (36.7%). In conclusion, blood group A was the most prevalent blood group in the study and Male with blood group A positive rhesus factor appeared to be more susceptible to higher level of malaria parasitemia. Males were more predisposed to P. falciparum infections than females. Apart from the young children and pregnant women, the government should include the old people (60 and above years) and males in the current control strategy for malaria in order to reduce malaria transmission. These individuals are considered to be the most susceptible. More awareness about blood group should be created among residents of Bauchi state as this would go a long way in reducing morbidity and mortality due to malaria and perhaps other blood diseases. Future work should consider the haemoglobin genotypes in addition to ABO blood grouping and Rhesus factor to reveal the exact picture of the association.
HEALTH CARE RESEARCH JOURNAL (HCRJ), 2025
Introduction: Recently, there has been a surge in the number of mental health cases including par... more Introduction: Recently, there has been a surge in the number of mental health cases including paranoid schizophrenia (psychosis) and depression (mood disorder). Objectives: This study conducted a comparative prediction of psychotic and mood disorders using multi-model machine learning (MLs), mainly: Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Classification (SVC), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boost (XGBoost). Methods: The study used a clinical dataset of 318 patients diagnosed with Psychotic and Mood related disorders. We created a mid-category of Psychotic-Mood disorders for properly classifying patients having shared symptoms with Psychotic and Mood disorders. The Column Transformer preprocessor was used for modeling. The categorical columns were encoded using One-Hot-Encoder and Imputed using Simple Imputer with most-frequent as the strategy. The numerical columns were also encoded using Standard Scaler and imputed using Simple Imputer with mean as the strategy. Results: Our results showed a consistent performance hierarchy in the confusion matrices (RF>XGBoost ≈ SVC>LR) for pure conditions, contrasted with the reversed pattern for mixed conditions, computationally validating long-standing clinical debates about psychiatric nosology and supports dimensional rather than categorical approaches, particularly highlighting that algorithmic complexity does not necessarily improve classification of inherently unstable diagnostic categories. Conclusion: We found that while conventional diagnostic criteria seek to clearly differentiate psychiatric conditions, our computational evidence supports that psychotic-mood disorders often fall into a spectrum of conditions and that psychiatric comorbidity patterns can be detected using machine learning models.
HEALTH CARE RESEARCH JOURNAL (HCRJ), 2025
Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. One hundred and twenty (n=120) participants ... more Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. One hundred and twenty (n=120) participants were drawn using simple random sampling technique from ten streets of Ijebu Ode metropolis. Interview and personal observation were used to collect the data. These data collections were Residents' Waste Management Methods, Solid Waste Management Attitude Scale, Key Informant Interview Schedule. A mean score of 2.0 and above indicates that the residents are of positive attitude towards solid waste management while a mean score of less than 2.0 indicates negative attitude. The use of single bin in collection of waste appears inadequate coupled with twice frequency of disposal of wastes in a month. Given the result (median=2.00) wastes from homes of the residents were disposed on a generally note twice a month, and a score (median 1.00) indicate that common waste receptacles placed in designated locations are the only procedure of waste disposal among the residents. On awareness of health related diseases, the results (Median=1.00) residents of Ijebu-Ode community claimed awareness of health related diseases of waste disposal and result of (Median=1.00) shoes that the frequency of outbreak of diseases in keeping refuse dumps among the residents was low. It was concluded that the residents claimed of awareness of waste management and health related diseases but it obvious that the residents do not have full understanding or knowledge of waste management but rather base on residual knowledge and past experience on waste management which is still accounting for finding the environment be littered and polluted with wastes. Among others, there should be public education on proper ways of solid waste disposal in the metropolis to inform the general public on the implications of unhealthy environment and the need to keep their communities clean. The education could be done by Local Authorities and the Ogun State Environmental Programme Agency (OGEPA) was recommended.
HEALTH CARE RESEARCH JOURNAL (HCRJ), 2025
Background: Burnout is a common public health issue that highlights a discrepancy between individ... more Background: Burnout is a common public health issue that highlights a discrepancy between individuals' identities and their expected roles. Its occurrence varies across different communities and regions. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and the factors contributing to it among healthcare professionals in Butembo, located in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Methods: This cross-sectional research occurred from April 11 to May 31, 2022, within two hospitals in Butembo, North Kivu, DRC. Healthcare workers from these institutions were surveyed using a structured questionnaire along with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: Out of one hundred twenty participants, the overall burnout prevalence was found to be 47.0%, consisting of 27.0% experiencing a low degree, 12.0% a moderate degree, and 8.0% a severe degree. Being single, holding a bachelor's degree, having five years or less of experience, working more than eight hours a day, taking one hour or more to commute to the hospital, having administrative duties, maintaining a sleep schedule of over eight hours daily, not engaging in any weekly physical activity, abstaining from alcohol, and the intention to exit the medical field were linked to burnout. Conclusion: Burnout is a significant issue among healthcare professionals in Butembo. Consequently, policymakers should enforce strategies to prevent or address this issue within this demographic. Additionally, it is necessary to regularly evaluate this condition in this group to alleviate its contributing factors.
HEALTH CARE RESEARCH JOURNAL (HCRJ), 2025
Background: Nintedanib and pirfenidone are antifibrotic agents approved for the treatment of idio... more Background: Nintedanib and pirfenidone are antifibrotic agents approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases. Despite their clinical significance, national trends in Medicare Part D spending and utilization for these therapies remain insufficiently characterized. Objective: To evaluate national trends in Medicare Part D spending, claims, and cost-per-claim for nintedanib and pirfenidone from 2019 to 2023. Methods: Medicare Part D Drug Spending Dashboard data were analyzed for total spending, number of claims, and average spending per claim for nintedanib and pirfenidone. Trends over five years were assessed. Results: Total spending on nintedanib increased from 2019 to 2023, with a consistent rise in both claims and average cost per claim. In contrast, pirfenidone's total spending declined sharply, primarily due to a reduction in claims. The average cost per claim for both drugs increased over the study period. Conclusion: Medicare spending on antifibrotic therapies is increasingly dominated by nintedanib, reflecting evolving prescribing patterns and potential differences in tolerability or access. These findings have implications for cost-containment strategies and formulary management.
HEALTH CARE RESEARCH JOURNAL (HCRJ), 2025
Despite growing recognition of music the therapeutic value of music, its integration into nursing... more Despite growing recognition of music the therapeutic value of music, its integration into nursing practice remains underutilized and insufficiently theorized. This study addresses a critical gap in healthcare research by exploring how music-based interventions can enhance patient outcomes across diverse clinical and cultural contexts. Positioned within musicology's expanding engagement with health sciences, the research is timely given the global shift toward holistic, non-pharmacological care strategies. The study aims to critically examine the therapeutic applications of music in nursing, identify evidence-based frameworks for implementation, and propose strategic guidelines for embedding music into nursing education and clinical protocols. Drawing on the Biopsychosocial Model, Humanistic Nursing Theory, Music, Mood, and Movement (MMM) Theory, and the Holistic Model of Music Therapy, the research situates music within established paradigms of holistic care. Using a non-clinical, mixed-methods approach, the study analyzes secondary and archival data from 180 patients across five hospitals and eight nursing homes in Maryland, USA. Qualitative and quantitative techniques were employed to assess music's influence on physiological responses such as heart rate, pain perception, psychological states (e.g., anxiety, depression), and emotional well-being. Findings reveal that music interventions consistently improved patient comfort, reduced anxiety, and fostered stronger nurse-patient rapport. The study advocates for music therapy as a cost-effective, culturally adaptable complement to pharmacological treatments, especially in resource-constrained settings. It recommends integrating music into nursing curricula and clinical protocols and calls for further interdisciplinary research to refine music-health strategies and inform policy development.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES (JMBID), 2025
Tick-borne heamoparasitic diseases caused by protozoans i.e. both Babesia and Theileria species i... more Tick-borne heamoparasitic diseases caused by protozoans i.e. both Babesia and Theileria species imposes a serious constraints upon livestock health and production in Tropical and Subtropical regions where distribution of host, pathogen and vector overlaps. A preliminary survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of some tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases (TBHDs) and their effects on the hematological parameters of sheep and goats in Yola North and South, Adamawa state. A total of 150 blood samples were collected from sheep (n = 75) and goats (n = 75). Giemsa-stained blood smears were prepared and examined under light microscope, to screen for haemoparasites.Packed cell volume (PCV) was determined by micro-hematocrit centrifugation technique while heamoglobin (Hb) concentration was determined by Sahli's method. The objectives of the studies is to determine the prevalence of both (Babesiosis and Theileriosis) in Sheep and Goats based sex, age and breed and also to determine the effects of the diseases (Babesiosis and Theileriosis) in sheep and goats using hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit values. The results showed, 67 blood samples belonging to 31 sheep and 36 goats were positive for piroplasms, which gave prevalence of 41.3% and 48.0% respectively. There was no significant difference between the number of infected sheep and goats (p>0.05). Also, presence of piroplasms by sex of animals examined showed that females have highest prevalence with sheep and goats, females exhibited prevalence rates of 46.3% and 44.7% whereas the males have least prevalence rates of 36.4% and 53.6% respectively. Also the Hb concentration determined that both the sheep and goats are anaemic with 100% prevalence which showed presence of piroplasms. The PCV determined showed that both goats and sheep are severely anaemic having prevalence of 80.6% and 93.5% respectively. When values were subjected to statistical analysis it shows no significant difference (p>0.05). It is recommended that the use of tick control acaricides, periodic screening and treatment of small ruminants in Yola North and South LGA was suitable.
GENETICS & BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL (GBTJ), 2025
Mammalian fertilization is a complex and highly regulated process that relies on multiple interac... more Mammalian fertilization is a complex and highly regulated process that relies on multiple interactions among the proteins present on the membranes of sperm and oocyte. This intricate interplay ultimately leads to the fusion of sperm and oocyte; however, the mechanisms underlying gametic membrane recognition and fusion remain largely elusive. Previous studies have identified the ligand-receptor pair IZUMO1 and JUNO as essential for sperm-oocyte fusion. Nevertheless, it has been observed that the interaction between IZUMO1 and JUNO does not facilitate membrane fusion in somatic cells, indicating that additional molecules are required for successful gamete membrane fusion. In this study, we demonstrated significant inhibition of rat sperm penetration into oocytes following treatment with anti-PTCH1 monoclonal antibodies targeting both gamete types. The hedgehog receptor PTCH1 is expressed in rat sperm and oocytes during metaphase of meiosis II (MII) of meiosis, engages in physical interactions with IZUMO1, JUNO, and PDIA3; specifically, the extracellular domain ECD1 of PTCH1 selectively interacts with JUNO, but displays no detectable interaction with either IZUMO1 or PDIA3; conversely ECD2 shows broader binding to IZUMO1, JUNO, and PDIA3. Furthermore, PTCH1 colocalizes with IZUMO1 on the surface of the acrosome-reacted sperm heads and with PDIA3 on the surface of the oocyte. Our research reveals that PTCH1 plays a crucial role in mediating sperm-oocyte fusion through its interaction with IZUMO1 and PDIA3. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms governing mammalian sperm-oocyte adhesion and fusion.
HEALTH CARE RESEARCH JOURNAL (HCRJ), 2025
Pneumonia is a respiratory condition characterized by inflammation of the alveolar sacs in the lu... more Pneumonia is a respiratory condition characterized by inflammation of the alveolar sacs in the lungs, which disrupts normal oxygen exchange. This disease disproportionately impacts vulnerable populations, including young children (under five years of age) and elderly individuals (over 65 years), primarily due to their compromised immune systems. The mortality rate associated with pneumonia remains alarmingly high, particularly in low-resource settings where healthcare access is limited. Although effective prevention strategies exist, pneumonia continues to claim the lives of approximately one million children each year, earning its reputation as a "silent killer." Globally, an estimated 500 million cases are documented annually, underscoring its widespread public health burden. This study explores the design and evaluation of the CNN-based Computer-Aided Diagnostic (CAD) systems with an aim of carrying out competent as well as resourceful classification and categorization of chest radiographs into binary classes (Normal, Pneumonia). An augmented Kaggle dataset of 18,200 chest radiographs, split between normal and pneumonia cases, was utilized. This study conducts a series of experiments to evaluate lightweight CNN models-ShuffleNet, NASNet-Mobile, and EfficientNet-b0-using transfer learning that achieved accuracy of 90%, 88% and 89%, prompting the task for deep feature extraction from each of the networks and applying feature fusion to further pair it with SVM classifier and XGBoost classifier, achieving an accuracy of 97% and 98% resepectively. The proposed research emphasizes the crucial role of CAD systems in advancing radiological diagnostics, delivering effective solutions to aid radiologists in distinguishing between diagnoses by applying feature fusion, feature selection along with various machine learning algorithms and deep learning architectures.
HEALTH CARE RESEARCH JOURNAL (HCRJ), 2025
Background: Early CPR initiation is crucial for survival in out-of-hospital events. Adolescents a... more Background: Early CPR initiation is crucial for survival in out-of-hospital events. Adolescents are ideal for CPR education due to their learning capacity. This study evaluated the impact of different CPR training methods on high school students' knowledge. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional study using the American Heart Association's validated Basic Life Support questionnaire and a self-developed questionnaire. Results: Out of 354 valid responses, only 37% passed the CPR test, indicating a general lack of knowledge. Twenty-six percent had no prior training, and most had sporadic practical workshops. About 75.4% believed CPR training should be mandatory, and 88.7% found it useful. Training by Health Professional yielded better results, but differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Students have low CPR knowledge due to insufficient and infrequent training. Practical workshops are more effective than lectures, and healthcare personnel training shows better results.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES (JMBID), 2025
Invasive plant species are considered the greatest global threat to the loss of biodiversity. Ech... more Invasive plant species are considered the greatest global threat to the loss of biodiversity. Echium plantagineum L. an invasive species, is primarily found along roadsides and grazing lands in the Amhara Regional State of the Dejen district. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution and effect of E. plantagineum on the diversity of floral in the area of its occurrences. Reconnaissance survey was conducted to observe the distribution, spread, and effect of E. plantagineum on plant and animal species. As a result, 116 systematically established sample plots from the study were taken (58 invaded and non-invaded plots for each). To gather information on trees (shrubs) 10m x 20m sample plots were created on grazing land types. At each corner, a 1m2 subplot was taken to collect herbaceous plants. A 4m2 plot on roadside land units was created to gather information on the herbaceous flora, tree or shrub seedlings. Plants in each plot were recorded and named. Visual estimation was used to determine the percentage cover of herbaceous species. The study assessed species diversity using species evenness, Shannon Diversity Index, and Simpson Index of Dominance measures. These metrics were analyzed using PAST software. Similarity between invaded and non-invaded areas was evaluated using Jaccard's similarity index and beta diversity. The relationship between the abundance of E. plantagineum and floral species abundance was examined through linear regression and correlation analyses. A total of 85 plant species from 32 families were discovered in the study areas. In non-invaded land units, 80 plant species from 30 families were recorded. In comparison, the invaded area contained 54 plant species grouped into 24 families. Thus, the number of plants was reduced by 32.5% in the E. plantagineum-invaded area compared to the non-invaded area. The findings also showed that the non-invaded areas have a higher Shannon Diversity index value was observed in plant (3.537) and also higher plant species evenness value (0.429) compared to the E. plantagineum invaded areas. The study also showed a negative relationship between the abundance of E. plantagineum invasives and the abundance of native plant species per study plot. It was concluded that E. plantagineum, the invasive plant species in the study area, has reduced floral species diversity. Therefore, it is strongly advised to implement adequate planning and strategies to detect or stop the spread and effects of E. plantagineum. This can be achieved by creating communication channels between the regional, zonal, and district agricultural offices.
FOOD & NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES JOURNAL (FNSJ), 2025
Cancer is among the chronic diseases that pose a significant threat to public health with high mo... more Cancer is among the chronic diseases that pose a significant threat to public health with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Today, the effectiveness of traditional methods such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are widely used in cancer treatment, is limited and these treatments often show serious side effects and toxic reactions. For these reasons, it is of great importance to develop alternative strategies that are more effective and have fewer side effects in cancer prevention and treatment processes. In recent years, natural components such as dietary polyphenols have attracted attention in nutritional science due to their potential benefits in the fight against cancer. Resveratrol, one of the polyphenolic compounds found in natural sources, stands out as a promising molecule in the prevention and treatment of cancer with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties. In this review, the historical development, biochemical mechanisms and various potential health effects of resveratrol have been comprehensively discussed, especially in the context of its relationship with cancer. Furthermore, current research on the effects of resveratrol on cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and chemoresistance is reviewed and the possible role of this natural compound in clinical applications is discussed.
FOOD & NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES JOURNAL (FNSJ), 2025
Food is an essential element for humans to live and sustain life. Every person needs to have an a... more Food is an essential element for humans to live and sustain life. Every person needs to have an adequate diet to lead an active and healthy life. Food consumption is a key determinant of nutritional adequacy and overall health of the population of a country. Food consumption simply refers to the attitude and behavior shown in consuming food. Food Consumption behavior is one of the important issues because food is an essential element for humans to live and sustain life and a key determinant of nutritional adequacy and overall health of the population of a country. This study was conducted in Bhujung village of Lamjung district. The total sample size for this study was 60. In this study, descriptive and cross-sectional research design was adopted. The socioeconomic and demographic data reveal that the majority of respondents were female and belonged to the Gurung community, with Bon being the most practiced religion. Agriculture was the primary occupation, and nearly half of the respondents had a monthly income between NPR 10,000-20,000. Most respondents consumed four meals a day, with tea, maize, and other basic food items being the common choices for breakfast. Lunch primarily consisted of rice, lentils, and vegetables, while tiffin included maize, tea, and biscuits. Dinner was dominated by rice, followed by vegetables, meat, and pulses. Over the past seven days, all respondents consumed grains, pulses, vegetables, fruits, and tea, while 90 Percent consumed meat, spices, and dairy products. Additionally, a significant portion of respondents consumed eggs, alcoholic beverages, and tobacco.
Genetics & Biotechnology Journal, 2025
Background: There is a critical need for management of vascularization in bone tissue engineering... more Background: There is a critical need for management of vascularization in bone tissue engineering. The purpose of this study was to use HIF-1α-transduced BMSCs (HIF-1α/BMSCs) fabricate prevascularized osteogenic cell sheets(P-OCTs) in vitro and explore HIF-1α promoted osteogenic-angiogenic coupling response of BMSCs cell sheets. Methods: HIF-1α was over-expressed by using a lentiviral vector which encoded green fluorescent protein (GFP), and transduced steadily in Wistar rats bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Fluorescence microscope to detect GFP expression, then Real-time quantitative and western blot were performed to assess the expression level of HIF-1α. Next, HIF-1α/BMSCs were cultured to form osteogenic cell sheets (OCTs) with a density of 1 × 105/cm2 under osteogenesis medium. ALP activity at day 14 and Alizarin-red staining at day 21were performed to check the characteristic of osteogenesis. Simultaneously, HIF-1α/ BMSCs were induced to differentiate into endothelial-like cells(iECs) for 14 days, and the conversion rates of HIF-1α/BMSCs to iECs were performed by Flow Cytometry. Finally, iECs were seeded onto the OCTs with a density of 5 × 104/cm2 to fabricate prevascularized osteogenic cell sheets (P-OCTs). In order to detect the role of HIF-1α involved in osteogenic-angiogenic coupling response of P-OCTs, Immunofluorescent staining for CD31 was performed at 1, 3, 7, 14 days to check the formation of networks, and western blot of osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) at 1, 7, 14 days to detect bone formation. Meanwhile, the none transduced BMSCs were as control. Conclusion: BMSCs were transduced by Lenti-HIF-1α with optimal multiplicity of infection was 30(MOI=30) and the GFP expression over 90%. At the same time, qPCR and western blot confirmed a high HIF-1α expression in experimental group, which had a statistic significance among control group and negative control group (NC)(P<0.05). Next, Flow Cytometric analysis results showed the conversion rate of BMSCs to iECs was 92.43% in experimental group(P<0.05), which indicated BMSCs transduced by HIF-1α had a great superiority to differentiate into endothelial cells under experimental conditions. On the other hand, ALP at day 14 and Alizarin-red staining at day 21 on OCTs showed an obviously osteogenic differentiation characteristic with more deep stained calcium nodules deposits than the control groups(P<0.05). Finally, we fabricated P-OCTs and observed iECs migrated reticulated fast and formed a large number of lumens and networks in experimental groups. At the same time, the results of Immunofluorescent staining for CD31 at day 1, 3, 7, 14 and osteogenic proteins expressions of OCN, OPN at day 1, 7, 14 showed that HIF-1α could promote osteogenic-angiogenic coupling response in P-OCTs significantly in vitro(P<0.05). All in all, the over-expressed HIF-1α of BMSCs cell sheets strategy can provide a new promising method for bone engineering, and we will detect further in vivo.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES (JMBID)DISEASES (JMBID), 2025
Targeting microbial enzymes is a strategic approach in antimicrobial drug development due to thei... more Targeting microbial enzymes is a strategic approach in antimicrobial drug development due to their indispensable roles in pathogen survival, virulence, and resistance mechanisms. These enzymes catalyze critical cellular processes such as DNA replication, protein synthesis, and cell wall biosynthesis. Inhibiting them can disrupt microbial homeostasis and lead to cell death. The
HEALTH CARE RESEARCH JOURNAL (HCRJ), 2025
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