Papers by Noor Azuan Hashim
This study examines financial literacy among Malaysian university students. It is conducted among... more This study examines financial literacy among Malaysian university students. It is conducted among undergraduate students at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. It also examines the effect of gender and different academic program on FL level. Various test such as the Independence T-test, ANOVA and Tukey Honest Significant Difference HSD are employed on 300 samples of primary data collected using questionnaires distributed among students from selected faculties. The questionnaire contains questions among others on financial attitude, knowledge as well personal characteristics items. The results show that the level of FL among UKM students is moderate. From the Independent T-Test, the results show a significant difference in FL scores for males and females which suggest that males are more financially literate than females. From the ANOVA and Tukey HSD the study finds that there is a statistically significant different between type of majoring and FL level with business majoring students have higher level of FL when compared to non-business majoring. From the business majoring, Financial Services and Risk Management specialization has the highest FL level. It is therefore recommended that a comprehensive and aggressive program of financial education be carried out among young people in Malaysia especially to university students from all academic program.
International Journal of Professional Business Review, May 16, 2023
Purpose: The usage of social media (SM) by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) received relativel... more Purpose: The usage of social media (SM) by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) received relatively less attention and the findings in the literature are mixed in terms of the effect of SM on SME performance. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of SM utilization on SME business performance (SMEBP) in Saudi Arabia. Theoretical Framework: Based on the resource-based view, this study proposed that SM internal utilization (SMIU) affects positively the SMEBP and marketing innovation (MI). MI is expected to affect the SMEBP and mediate the effect of SMIU on SME performance (profitability (PR) and business growth (BG). Design/Methodology/Approach: The population of this study is the SMEs in Al-Riyadh city in Saudi Arabia. A simple random sampling is deployed. The data was collected using a questionnaire. A total of 451 respondents representing SMEs participated in this study. Findings: The finding was derived using Smart PLS version 4. The findings showed that SMIU affected positively PR and BG of SME and MI. MI affected positively the PR and BG of SME and mediated partially the effect of SMIU on PR and BG of SME. Research practical Implication: Decision makers are advised to deploy SM more effectively and to create a rewarding culture for innovative ideas to improve performance. Originality/Value: This study helps to enhance the understanding regarding the role of marketing innovation and social media internal usage in improving the performance of SMEs in emerging economies.
Business and management horizons, Dec 30, 2018
The Internet has grown tremendously in the recent and many of its applications have been used by ... more The Internet has grown tremendously in the recent and many of its applications have been used by people all over the world. On-line shopping which is a recent phenomenon in the field of e-commerce is definitely going to be the future of shopping in the world. It seems that online shopping has been one of the ways that customers shop nowadays especially to the younger generations and working people. Most of the young working people have accessed to Internet and many have started to sell and buy online. Though online shopping is quite common now, its growth in Malaysian market is still not in line with the global market. The potential growth of online shopping has triggered the idea of conducting an exploratory study on online shopping in Malaysia. A survey was carried-out with 168 part-time students who work in Klang Valley area and also currently study in UKM. In addition to the survey, 15 face-to-face interviews were carried-out with available respondents after they answer the survey. The purpose is to find out how well they understand about online shopping and what factors contribute to their online shopping behaviors. The results of study reveal that customer satisfaction, motivation and influence from other buyers are among the critical factors for customers to shop online. Respondents since to mimic other customers in buying online. The results of the study could be further used by the researchers and practitioners for conducting future studies in the similar area.
Jurnal pengurusan, 2015
Islamic banking (IB) practices have spread throughout the World, not only in Muslim countries but... more Islamic banking (IB) practices have spread throughout the World, not only in Muslim countries but also in the West. To sustain in the very competitive market, Islamic banking must be outstanding and resilience from other conventional banks. Hence sustainable banking theme is deemed to be relevant to its operation by incorporating corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable development concepts. Little that we know about CSR and sustainable development practices of Islamic banking from the managerial views. This paper attempts to explore the social responsibility and sustainability dimension of Islamic banking in Malaysia from the management insights. This is an inductive research employing semistructured interview survey of 11 important Islamic bankers holding various positions. Thematic analysis approach was used to analyse data. The study reveals that Islamic banks are encouraged to perform various CSR activities however activities leading to significant socioeconomic impact are still lacking. Social banking may provide the answer.
Geografia: Malaysian journal of society and space, Sep 19, 2017
The emergence of social media has made it possible for a person with internet connection to commu... more The emergence of social media has made it possible for a person with internet connection to communicate with thousands of other people. Because of the heavy usage of social media there is substantial interest in making this medium a commercial site, particularly among entrepreneurs who want to explore the potential of their businesses. Any entrepreneur can experience various benefits and effects from advertising their products and services on social media, including an increase in the number of fans and advertisement views and/or an increase in sales and return on investment as social media channel product and business information to targeted customers at a minimal cost. However, there are limited studies on social media, particularly how it affects business interaction, which formed the focus of this study. Face-to-face surveys were conducted involving 105 Malaysian entrepreneurs who had access to social media. The findings revealed that most entrepreneurs in this study believed that social commerce is the future way of doing their businesses. In fact, they believed that every entrepreneur needs to engage with social media as they would not only allow the entrepreneur to discuss his products and services with other people but also assist him to make vital and critical business decisions.
Impact of Whatsapp Messenger Application Among Business Students in Malaysia
INTED2015 Proceedings, 2015
Issues and Challenges in Nurturing Young Entrepreneurs: A Study with Entrepreneurship Students
Proceedings of the 20th Malaysia Indonesia International Conference on Economics, Management and Accounting, 2019
Social Media Adaption in Smes Context: Literature Review
Journal of critical reviews, 2020
(Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia) Rosmah Mat Isa
The present study explores the knowledge management strategy of Malaysian hotels in managing and ... more The present study explores the knowledge management strategy of Malaysian hotels in managing and leveraging their human capital. This study employs a case study approach, where interviews were conducted with human resource managers of seven hotels with different star ratings. Data are analyzed using NVivo and within and cross case analyses are performed to understand the different knowledge management strategies of Malaysian hotels to determine best practices in harnessing human capital in the hotel industry. The findings suggest that firms ’ strategies are influenced by knowledge management and human capital management. The higher the rating of the hotels, the more likely the hotel is to adopt a knowledge management strategy based upon a human oriented strategy. This influences the innovativeness and creativeness of their human capital, which, in turn, increases the competitive advantage of the firms.
An Investigation of Key Adoption of E-Commerce in Smes in Malaysia
E-commerce, particularly website, adoption by SMEs is often viewed as a basic building block of e... more E-commerce, particularly website, adoption by SMEs is often viewed as a basic building block of economic development. Yet, the components that impact the ecommerce adoption success and how these components affect economic development are rarely unexplored, especially within the context of managerial and organisational characteristics. A field survey was conducted to understand key factors that facilitate the adoption of e-commerce within the SMEs in Malaysia. 522 SMEs had successfully participated in the survey over the last two year. 10 SME managers were interviewed to get the detail insights of the study. The results revealed a number of interesting findings. Two important factors for SMEs in this study to adopt ecommerce were found: SME location and the manager‟s experience of living abroad. To encourage e-commerce adoption, SMEs in developing countries need not only to have appropriate technology infrastructure installed, but also to be in a location with good public transportat...
CSR and Sustainability Dimension in Islamic Banking in Malaysia: A Management Insight
The adoption and implementation of social networking sites among Malaysian hotels
Indonesian Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 2022
Governments worldwide have increasingly recognized their interest in entrepreneurship and have in... more Governments worldwide have increasingly recognized their interest in entrepreneurship and have introduced it to various settings, not only among the officials but also schools and Higher Education Institutions (HEI). Many incentives have been given to those who embark on entrepreneurship. The Malaysian government has made all colleges in Malaysia introduce entrepreneurships courses to make students aware of the importance of entrepreneurships. Thus, there are questions were raised on the effectiveness of the entrepreneurship programme in the university. Moreover, and the kinds of improvements that need to be embedded in these programmes. This study is among the first to explore this issue by gathering information from the students majoring in entrepreneurship and who are recently graduated. Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been adopted to get the details of the issues being studied. Thirty-three students were surveyed, and ten respondents were called for semi-structured interviews. Many students stated that they were not ready to become an entrepreneur entrepreneurs because they are were really not confidence confident in doing so, and some said they needed to work to get some money and experience first. Some stated that the programme should be improved by creating an entrepreneurship ecosystem among students and lecturers. This study contributes to entrepreneurship education literature by enhancing understanding of the needs of students during the entrepreneurial learning process. In practice, this study offers raze and valuable insights into how to design and implement designing and implementing an effective HEI entrepreneurship training programme.
No consensus of franchisee as entrepreneur is offered in the entrepreneurship and franchising lit... more No consensus of franchisee as entrepreneur is offered in the entrepreneurship and franchising literature. Nevertheless, many studies and debates in franchising studies have perceived the franchisee as entrepreneur rather than employee, buyer or fellow-worker. This paper employs an alternative view that suggest whether a franchisee is seen as an entrepreneur is governed by the way the theorist views his/her role. Further, franchisees may not be the ‘entrepreneur’ in the fullest sense of the word but they are absolutely an entrepreneur. Therefore, this paper proposes that the franchisee should be viewed as entrepreneur, within the theories of entrepreneur’s characteristics.
Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 2005
A psychological contract is an implicit understanding between a group of employees and their empl... more A psychological contract is an implicit understanding between a group of employees and their employer that arose as a result of a particular leadership style. Psychological contract violation (PCV) is said to occur when there is a perceived breach of promise that leads to an emotional and affective response. The literature on PCV posits a number of antecedents and outcomes of PCV. This study seeks to develop a model of PCV by linking it with justice and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). It is argued that the antecedents of PCV lead to a sense of injustice. These will then create the emotional response that is indicative of PCV. It is also argued that an outcome of this PCV experience is reduced OCB and the emergence of a new outlook towards employment relationship. Data was collected from a Malaysian company that initiated a voluntary separation scheme as part of an effort to downsize its work force. The finding of this study provides partial support for the model.
E Bangi, 2013
Masalah stres di tempat kerja seharusnya tidak dipandang ringan oleh organisasi dan ia merupakan ... more Masalah stres di tempat kerja seharusnya tidak dipandang ringan oleh organisasi dan ia merupakan isu global yang memberi impak yang besar terhadap produktiviti organisasi. Stres juga merupakan isu utama dalam aspek keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan. Tinjauan literatur jelas menunjukkan bahawa masalah stres di tempat kerja sering dikaitkan dengan kos dan produktiviti organisasi. Sebenarnya, stres di tempat kerja bukanlah satu fenomena baru dalam persekitaran pekerjaan. Ia wujud dalam setiap organisasi dan tiada siapa boleh mengelak daripada stres. Isu stres di tempat kerja ini mendapat perhatian utama organisasi-organisasi di Jepun dan Amerika Syarikat kerana masalah ini amat berkaitan dengan prestasi organisasi keseluruhannya. Di England dan Wales, stres di tempat kerja merupakan antara 3 kategori penyakit terbesar yang disebabkan oleh persekitaran pekerjaan. Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO) menjangkakan bahawa masalah stres di tempat kerja akan menjadi ancaman utama kepada tahap kesihatan manusia menjelang tahun 2020. Stres bukanlah masalah pekerjaan yang perlu dipandang remeh. Walaupun setiap pekerja di seluruh dunia akan mengalami masalah ini, namun persoalannya, mampukah pekerja bertahan apabila stres menjadi tidak terkawal. Inilah isu yang perlu diberi perhatian serius oleh setiap organisasi di dunia. Tambahan pula, perubahan teknologi, sosial dan ketidaksinambungan dalam sektor pekerjaan menjadikan masalah stres sebagai isu global yang serius.
Prometheus, 2009
Much has been written about e‐commerce. Many authors seem certain that e‐commerce conveys undispu... more Much has been written about e‐commerce. Many authors seem certain that e‐commerce conveys undisputed benefits. Yet, e‐commerce is not being adopted readily by SMEs. The disinclination of SMEs to adopt and use e‐commerce deserves serious attention, given the role that SMEs play in all economies. This paper looks critically at the issue. It highlights findings from a large‐scale survey of SMEs and interviews with SME managers across Malaysia. Results show online payment and online buying are not common. Websites are used for little more than providing contact details of the company and information about the company’s goods and services. While there may be good, logical reasons for SME managers having websites, many are clearly just boys with toys.
Innovation adoption literature has demonstrated that organisational characteristics and perceived... more Innovation adoption literature has demonstrated that organisational characteristics and perceived benefits of innovations play significant roles in explaining organisational-level decisions to adopt new technologies. However, the extant literature relating to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) website adoption fails to provide an understanding of what determines adoption. This paper reports descriptive study conducted to identify the factors that impact SMEs’ involvement with websites. Nine factors such as to lower cost, to eye new business opportunities, to enhance company image, to follow trend, we must have it, just by chance, guts feel, external pressure, and to stay ahead competitors, which were found in the literature are used to investigate the level of website involvement. This involvement is examined in terms of ownership of a website and use of the website for selling purposes. A survey of 3535 SMEs was conducted, 522 SMEs responded for the survey; however, only 309 have ...
Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation, 2017
Instagram, one of the social media applications on smart phone is gaining popularity as a mode of... more Instagram, one of the social media applications on smart phone is gaining popularity as a mode of social interaction recently. Many people, especially young people, have used this application, not only for daily communication and sharing, but also for buying and selling products. Because of the heavy usage of Instagram, there is substantial interest in making this medium a commercial site, particularly among entrepreneurs who want to explore the potential of their businesses. However, little is understood from empirical viewpoint about the intensity of Instagram usages and its impact on society. This study seeks to investigate the perceived impact of Instagram on Malaysian potential entrepreneurs. A survey was administered which involved 115 individual. The findings revealed that most respondents in this study believed that Instagram is the future way of doing their businesses. In fact, they believed that those who want to be entrepreneurs need to have Instagram as they would not on...
E-commerce adoption among SMEs has been much discussed in management information technology and t... more E-commerce adoption among SMEs has been much discussed in management information technology and technological innovation literature. However, most of these prior studies focused mainly on e-commerce awareness or factors that influence e-commerce adoption. This study, on the other hand, attempts to develop a holistic insight into e-commerce adoption by SMEs. It investigates why some SMEs adopt e-commerce readily, and others do not. In addition, this study investigates the appropriateness of government support for SMEs encouraging them to adopt e-commerce. There is very little research that assesses e-commerce adoption by SMEs, certainly none as extensive as this, and there is also very limited empirical investigation of government support for SMEs to adopt e-commerce. This study helps to fill this gap by exploring these issues relating to e-commerce and SMEs. The framework model proposed in this study was developed out of an integration of various perspectives using the technological...
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Papers by Noor Azuan Hashim