Papers by Necla Ulugtekin
ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Nov 13, 2017
In recent years, 3D models have been created of many cities around the world. Most of the 3D city... more In recent years, 3D models have been created of many cities around the world. Most of the 3D city models have been introduced as completely graphic or geometric models, and the semantic and topographic aspects of the models have been neglected. In order to use 3D city models beyond the task, a generalization is necessary. CityGML is an open data model and XML-based format for the storage and exchange of virtual 3D city models. Level of Details (LoD) which is an important concept for 3D modelling, can be defined as outlined degree or prior representation of real-world objects. The paper aim is first describes some requirements of 3D model generalization, then presents problems and approaches that have been developed in recent years. In conclude the paper will be a summary and outlook on problems and future work.
Araç takip sistemleri ve harita
HKM Jeodezi Jeoinformasyon Arazi Yönetimi Dergisi, 2006
Google Maps API and Google Earth API Integration: Development of an Educational Tool For Cartography Courses
4D Geo-referenced Database Approach for GIS
SUMMARY Since developments of computerised information systems practically used in the market, ma... more SUMMARY Since developments of computerised information systems practically used in the market, many things has been swiftly and progressively changed in surveying profession; because the volubility of the positioning/spatial information has been well understood by the other professions who deal with the information systems. In fact, at the beginning, information systems have been developed without any spatial information of the other information. However in a short time system developers have been realised that information integrated with its geospatial information provide precise results for strategy developments and decision making. That was also the demands of the systems' users. This is truth that in that case it is possible to support query results with graphical visualisation geographically. Therefore information systems have been began integrating with maps and hence applications of Geographic Information Systems have been started. As is very well known that position inf...
hkmo.org.tr
İğneada Arazi Örtüsü ve Kullanımı Değişiminin Uzaktan Algılama ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ile Be... more İğneada Arazi Örtüsü ve Kullanımı Değişiminin Uzaktan Algılama ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ile Belirlenmesi. Filiz Bektaş Balçık 1 , Gonca Bozkaya 1 , Çiğdem Göksel 1 , A. Özgür Doğru 1 , N. Necla Uluğtekin 1 , Seval Sözen 2. ... 185-201. Göksel, Ç., Kaya, Ş., Musaoğlu, N., 2001. ...
CBS Uygulamasi Olarak Araç Navi̇gasyon Si̇stemleri̇
Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ile araç navigasyon sistemlerinin arakesiti, takip edilecek güzergahin b... more Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ile araç navigasyon sistemlerinin arakesiti, takip edilecek güzergahin belirlenmesine yönelik analizlerin yapilmasi ve sonuçlarin mekansal referansli olarak kullaniciya sunulmasi aşamasinda ortaya çikmaktadir. Bu işlemlerin yapilabilmesi için yeterli geometrik ve semantik doğruluğa sahip haritalari, temelde araç ve yol durumuna ilişkin verilerin depolanip modellendiği veri tabanlarini ve analizlerde kullanilacak olan yöntem ve algoritmalari içeren bütünleşik CBS çözümlerini kullanilir. Bu
Turistik amaçlı mekânsal sanal ortamların oluşturulması: Tarihi Yarımada Örneği
Geomatik
Üç boyutlu (3B) kent modellerinin yaygınlaşması, kentlere ilişkin mekânsal bilgilerin 3B olarak s... more Üç boyutlu (3B) kent modellerinin yaygınlaşması, kentlere ilişkin mekânsal bilgilerin 3B olarak sunulmasını ve dolayısıyla kullanıcıların mekânsal algılarının artırılmasını mümkün hale getirmiştir. Bu bağlamda geliştirilen CityGML standardı ile birlikte geleneksel olarak haritalar için kullanılan ölçek kavramı yerine 3B mekânsal veriler için ayrıntı düzeyi (LoD- level of detail) kavramı kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Böylelikle, farklı uygulama gereksinimlerine göre farklı ayrıntı düzeylerinde kent modellerinin üretimi için standartlar ortaya konmuştur. Bu çalışmada, hava LiDAR verileri kullanılarak İstanbul Tarihi Yarımada sınırları içerisinde yer alan Eminönü Meydanı ve çevresinin yüksek ayrıntı düzeyinde (LoD3) turistik amaçlı 3B kent modeli oluşturulmuştur. Model turistik amaçlı tasarlandığından, referans olarak seçilen yapıların bulunduğu bölge dışında kalan yapılar için 3B bina genelleştirme yöntemi kullanılarak bu yapıların ayrıntı düzeyi indirgenmiştir. Oyun motoru tabanlı yapıl...
Abstracts of the ICA
The World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) as a global pandemic on... more The World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) as a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Thus, the World Health Organization, states, institutions, and individuals begin to develop various online tools for monitoring the spread of the virus. Pandemic data has been shared with users through tables, graphs, or maps. Since epidemic diseases are spread by human mobility, they can be identified using various spatial distribution characteristics. During this time, cartographers examine thematic maps produced and think about the problems (Mocnik et al., 2020; Mooney and Juhász, 2020; Wei et al., 2020). Misuse of cartographic symbol and visualization tools, choropleth maps produced without normalization, misclassification/grading on choropleth maps, the excessive number of classes, overlapped proportional symbols, ambiguity in legends, lack of representation of temporal dynamics, lack of multi-scale design are the main problems which cartographers have mentioned before. To evaluate these problems, a survey study is conducted with the participation of Istanbul Technical University students (109 students) on the readability of Covid-19 maps within the scope of this study. Age, gender, education, expertise, and cultural factors affect the readability of the maps. For this reason, students are divided into 3 groups according to their cartographic knowledge level. 33 out of 109 are second-year geomatics engineering students who have received basic cartography education (referred to as "basic" in this study). 45 of them are third-year geomatics engineering students who have completed their undergraduate cartography education (referred to as "medium" in this study). The remaining 31 people are master's and Ph.D. students (referred to as "experts" in this study). In the study, the readability of thematic maps such as choropleth maps, proportional symbol maps, heat maps, multivariate maps, and flow maps, which are used extensively during the pandemic, are examined. It is foreseen that being clear, understandable, and legible will increase the readability. Map readability accuracy rates are examined based on the correct answers. The survey also includes questions about the information sources and used visual tools of the surveyors. Accordingly, the surveyors mostly benefited from maps and tables during the pandemic. Ministry of Health (Turkey) has explained the daily number of cases, recoveries, and deaths with tables. For this reason, the use of tables along with maps by the surveyors is also high. Surveyors mostly used social media to obtain information (Figure 1). The fact that the participants are university students can also explain their social media usage habits.
Sayısallaştırılmış kadastro paftalarının geometrik niteliğinin yükseltilmesi
İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Dergisi, 1994
Geographic distribution and expansion of hepatitis A and a dysentery cases in Black Sea Catchment Region in Turkey
Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2019
Scientific Research and Essays, Jul 4, 2011
In this study, clustering analysis was done by using date of road traffic accidents (RTAs) in dis... more In this study, clustering analysis was done by using date of road traffic accidents (RTAs) in districts of Erzurum in Turkey occurring at 2002 to 2007 years. Province of Erzurum has eighteen districts. Road surface situation, solstice, vehicle type and number of RTAs are used in clustering analysis. Clustering analysis was done by using both traditional k-means and fuzzy c-means techniques. Districts are divided five cluster by clustering analysis are done according to two techniques. Also five risk levels were identified by center values of clusters. Risk levels of districts were demonstrated in thematic maps. The thematic maps were constituted by using geographical information systems (GIS). The thematic maps demonstrated members of cluster that districts are separated by clustering analysis according to both traditional k-means and fuzzy c-means techniques. Results obtained from this study were compared. It was observed that fuzzy c-means technique gives accurate and consistent results at least k-means technique. Also, It was determined that GIS is advantageous to show and understand the results on the thematic maps.
Examination of the green spaces based on spatial sufficiency and accessibility through GIS
Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2019
DergiPark (Istanbul University), Oct 1, 2011
Bu çalışmada, İTÜ Geomatik Mühendisliği Programının kalite güvence sistemi dahilinde değerlendiri... more Bu çalışmada, İTÜ Geomatik Mühendisliği Programının kalite güvence sistemi dahilinde değerlendirilmesi için yararlanılan çıkış mülakat teknikleri ele alınmıştır. Doğrudan bir değerlendirme yöntemi olarak çıkış mülakatı, mezun olan öğrencinin bölümü ile yaptığı görüşme olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu nedenle bu görüşme bazı platformlarda mezuniyet mülakatı olarak ta isimlendirilmektedir. Çıkış mülakatı mezuniyet sonrasında, 35 yeni mezuna uygulanmıştır. Komisyon, Akademik Değerlendirme ve Kalite Geliştirme Komisyonunun da desteği ile hazırladığı anketi mezunlarla yaklaşık 30 dakika süren yüz yüze görüşme ile gerçekleştirmiştir. Mezunlar tarafından sağlanan bu geri beslemenin değeri çok fazladır. Belgelenmiş, analiz edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiş olan bu görüşmelerin sonuçları bu çalışmada genel olarak ele alınmış ve tartışılmıştır.
Today, (geo)spatial data/information and therefore maps are increasingly becoming an important pa... more Today, (geo)spatial data/information and therefore maps are increasingly becoming an important part of life. Cartography, one of the main disciplines in this field, makes important contributions to the phases of modeling, processing, analysis, visualization and dissemination of multidimensional geospatial data/information in theoretical and practical terms, and in this context, it also plays a critical role in the advancement of multidisciplinary spatial informatics, geographic information science and spatial intelligence fields. Previous developments in these fields were shared and discussed with the (geo)spatial information sector by us in the previous national mapping and GIS congresses. When looking at current issues, it is inevitable to use big data analysis in solving complex relationships and uncertainties in order to create social “spatial thinking”. This situation raises the problem of “map design” to be used for acquiring knowledge from big data. Map design is a multidimen...
Abstracts of the ICA, 2021
Abstracts of the ICA, 2021
Maps and map-like images are important tools that are often used in written and visual media. Esp... more Maps and map-like images are important tools that are often used in written and visual media. Especially, spatial information used in written media have an important role to spread geographic and semantic data to reader. Considering the frequency and ease of access of newspapers to people, the importance of using spatial information in newspapers increases. However, few studies have been conducted on spatial images used in newspapers. These studies, which are few in the literature, were carried out by cartographers such as Monmonier, Pipps and Balchin. Whereas the extent of spatial information that reaches millions of people everyday through newspapers should be explored. With this concern, the use of spatial images used within the scope of various topics in various sections of the newspapers was investigated. In this context, more than 7000 spatial images of 8 newspapers published within the determined specific time interval (1928-2000) were archived. The time interval for the main research was the Alphabet Revolution of Turkish Republic (1928) and the period when web newspapers were launched (2000). The archive work was carried out through the libraries where these records are located and web archives. Determined items from the newspapers with archive works are classified in a web-based data base. The classifications are designed according to the flow diagram shown in the figure 1.
The map is the unique tool to show spatial relationships in the world. Because of that, written a... more The map is the unique tool to show spatial relationships in the world. Because of that, written and visual media frequently give a place maps as a graphic element. Thus, the study focuses on the maps which published in the newspapers. The main aim of this study is collecting, categorizing and archiving maps’ contents of 8 newspapers, which were published since the Alphabet Revolution of Turkish Republic (1928) to year 2000. During the study, maps and visuals resembling maps have been examined and classified by cartographic rules and their themes in a Web based database. The primary objective of the study is to archive these maps, analyze their Cartographic levels and determine their roles in the news to show map use in all part of the newspapers and to prove the importance of Cartography in spreading knowledge through maps in the news. It is believed, a new Cartographic perspective has been contributed to existing literature.
Car Navigation Map Design in Terms of Multiple Representations
In this study, car navigation considered as the basic activity and an approach for the production... more In this study, car navigation considered as the basic activity and an approach for the production of the navigation maps tried to be proposed in terms of Multiple Representational Data Bases (MRDB). However the system needs systematic updates in attribute and geometric level. In this context, the concept of MRDB, map design requirements for navigation and its constraints will be explained in terms of small display cartography. Various representation levels for car navigation systems and their sample maps will be introduced as a key study executed for Istanbul and some important issues on symbol selection and design will be examined based on symbol types and visual variables used to create them.
In this paper, map design requirements and its constraints are explained in terms of small displa... more In this paper, map design requirements and its constraints are explained in terms of small display cartography. Cartographic visualization and map design fundamentals are examined moreover their requirements caused by new technologies, just as hand held devices, are mentioned. These new requirements are examined comparatively with conventional methods and finally future trends on this subject are briefly emphasized.
Remotely sensed imagery has an enhanced capability of extracting information about small image st... more Remotely sensed imagery has an enhanced capability of extracting information about small image structures (both artificial and natural objects). Fast, low cost, accurate and spatially rich data can be acquired via remote sensing technology. For this reason, satellite image mapping is quite common technique and image maps provide a great contribution to cartography and Geographic Information Systems as data sources. However, there are several remote sensing satellites with various kinds of spectral and spatial resolution and they detect different regions of electromagnetic spectrum. One needs to know which satellite image is suitable for which kind of mapping. On the other hand, image mapping which is based on resolution is a procedure including information extraction from pixels. While pixel algorithms and processing methods are suitable for medium and low resolution images, pattern recognition is suitable for high resolution images. Thus, there is a need to evaluate maps according ...
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Papers by Necla Ulugtekin