Mridul Das

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I am Lecturer in Serampore College in Geography Department, I have completed my M.sc in geography and P from Visva Bharatai University. Also completed P.G. Diploma in Remote Sensing and GIS and WebGIS from Cad Centre, Jadavpur University. Published numerous paper on hydrology and application of spatial sciences.
Address: Santiniketan, West Bengal, India

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Urbanization and groundwater resilience: pre-and post-monsoon mapping using AHP and hybrid machine learning modelling

Taylor and Francis , 2025

The study develops an integrated geospatial data-driven framework to map groundwater potential ... more The study develops an integrated geospatial data-driven framework to map groundwater potential in semi-arid Agra, addressing urbanization-induced stress on aquifers and the limitations of ground-based assessments for regional planning. Using multicollinearityscreened factors—rainfall, elevation, slope, drainage, geology, LULC, and soil—the workflow combines AHP-based multi-criteria weighting with machine learning techniques, converting inputs into raster layers and validating outputs with groundwater well locations and waterlevel data. Rainfall emerged as the dominant predictor, contributing up to 75.17% in Random Forest and 75% in Boosted Regression Tress feature importance, underscoring monsoonal control on recharge. Model performance assessed via ROC-AUC showed RF (81.6% pre-monsoon, 79.9% post-monsoon) and BRT (81.4%, 80.7%) substantially outperform AHP (70.1%, 70.0%), indicating stronger discrimination from data-driven learning. Spatially, high groundwater potential concentrates in the middle-eastern Agra corridor between the Yamuna and Chambal rivers, reaching 32.93% areal extent in postmonsoon RF results, while southwestern and western tracts consistently remain very low to low across all models. Seasonal groundwater-level analysis reveals post-monsoon depth reduction—most pronounced in recharge-favorable zones—with observed ranges of 4.78– 50.7 m bgl (pre-monsoon) and 3.8–50.5 m bgl (post-monsoon). The hybrid MCDA–ML framework offers a robust, scalable basis for groundwater zoning, guiding sustainable extraction, recharge targeting, and urban-peri-urban water management.

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Have COVID Lockdowns Really Improved the Globalair Quality? –Hierarchical Observations from the Perspectives of Urban Agglomerations Using Atmospheric Reanalysis Data

SSRN Electronic Journal

Comparative retrieval approaches for concentrated Suspended Particulate Matter (CSPM) detection in the Ganges using Sentinel-2 and Cloud Computing

2023 International Conference on Machine Intelligence for GeoAnalytics and Remote Sensing (MIGARS)

Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 2277-209X (Online) An Open Access

The present paper deals with 48 species of fruit flies, belonging to 21 genera under families Dro... more The present paper deals with 48 species of fruit flies, belonging to 21 genera under families Drosophilidae (Sub-family Drosophilinae), Tephritidae (Sub-family Dacinae, Tephritinae and Trypetinae), occurring in diverse areas and localities of Jammu and Kashmir Himalayan region. The fruit fly species are responsible for causing great damage to valuable tropical and temperate fruit and vegetable crops of these regions. The crops attacked in Jammu region include ber, citrus, guava, mango and phalsa. The crops affected in Kashmir region include apple, cherry, pomegranate, walnut and members of cucurbitaceae family. The database pertaining to fruit fly fauna has been updated in the light of recent systematic and nomenclatural changes. An up-to-date systematic annotated checklist of species has been provided. Besides, local distribution, diversity and invasive drosophilid and tephritids pest species, have briefly been discussed.

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Global Air Quality Change Detection During Covid-19 Pandemic Using Space-Borne Remote Sensing and Global Atmospheric Reanalysis

2020 IEEE India Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (InGARSS), 2020

In contrast to existing research that used ground-based observations, in this research we used sp... more In contrast to existing research that used ground-based observations, in this research we used space-borne observations to study global air quality change during COVID-19 pandemic in 20 countries. It is observed that during lockdown, PM2.5 has reduced in the most of the countries by 56% in 2020 compared to the previous year, whereas, Ghana and Russia show an increasing pattern. It is observed that NO 2 has dropped in most of the countries by 3% to 31%, whereas UK and South Africa exhibit an increasing trend. Although spatial variability, low spatial resolution, and mixed pixel impurity may obscure the observation, but the study suggests a space-borne approach can be useful for investigating change in air quality to provide a general insight during COVID-19 pandemic. Our space-borne observations show an improvement in air quality by considerable drop in contaminants in the air in most of the countries except Russia and Ghana during COVID lockdown.

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Influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the Indian Ocean Dipole on winegrape maturity in Australia

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2018

Seasonal timing of winegrape maturity is influenced by weather conditions. Significant changes to... more Seasonal timing of winegrape maturity is influenced by weather conditions. Significant changes to day-of-yearof-maturity (DOYM), both earlier and later than average, causes logistical problems during harvest, impacting on grape and wine quality. Shifts in climate circulation patterns resulting from atmospheric teleconnections to changes in sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events can alter seasonal weather across Australia. Events tend to peak in the austral spring (IOD) and summer (ENSO), when vine and berry development is susceptible to anomalous weather. To investigate the impacts of ENSO and IOD on the Australian winegrape growing sector, SST data and annual grape maturity data from a variety of wine growing regions were collected and analysed. Mean DOYM values during IOD events were significantly (P < 0.05) different for the largest number of vineyard blocks, with IOD positive (IOD+) events linked to earliest mean DOYM and IOD negative (IOD−) events linked to latest mean DOYM. ENSO and IOD combined events (ENSOIOD) had the largest difference between earliest mean DOYM and latest mean DOYM (42 days). Results for ENSO only grouped events were mixed, with no clear pattern emerging. This finding suggests that the IOD had more impact on DOYM than ENSO and that the IOD superseded the ENSO signal in combined events for the regions included in this study. The results indicate that improved seasonal forecasting of IOD, ENSO, and combined events would allow the Australian winegrape sector to better plan for changes to timing of grape maturity and associated impacts on grape and wine quality, vineyard management, and harvest logistics.

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Deformation of the Jambudwip Island of Sundarban Region, Eastern India

Jambudwip Island is well known for its drastic change of shape and the eviction of homelands of t... more Jambudwip Island is well known for its drastic change of shape and the eviction of homelands of the transient folk-fishermen involved in the fishing activities in this island since 1955. Due to various natural causes the shape of this island is deforming and the total land area is reducing at the rate of 1.32 % per annum. Spatio-temporal changing pattern of this island since 1973 has been framed on the basis of LANDSAT images and the GIS technology. A comprehensive study has been done on the effective climatic parameter like sea water temperature, frequency of cyclone, rainfall amount, sea level change, etc. as their natural causes. Eviction of fishing community by the government is becoming a major social issue for such excessive land erosion so controversy has arisen on the natural and the social causes of this Island’s deformation.

An Overview of Climate Change: Causes, Trends and Implications

Global climate change is the most troublesome hindrance that the world is currently facing in its... more Global climate change is the most troublesome hindrance that the world is currently facing in its struggle for existence. Earth’s climatic systems are one of the most dynamic and complex systems which still have not been properly understood. Th e present climates and their elements are far diff erent from the past, introducing newer complexities within the climatic sciences. It is of no doubt that, climate change is entirely a natural process, the examples of which can be drawn from the ice ages, but the anthropogenic side cannot be ignored. In fact, humans act as moderating factor through their everyday activities which somehow attempt to introduce desired modifi cations in natural climatic processes. Th us, the concept of Global Warming has evolved. A clear distinction between climate change and global warming is utmost necessary. Lots of evidences of climate change and global warming have already been recorded through modern instrumentation, historical temperature analyses, global precipitation studies, etc. A number of events prior to climate change have already been seen, like the melting of glaciers, coral bleaching, tree line shift ing, sea level rising, and erratic precipitation patterns. Climate and their elements no doubt are the most important determinants of all type of life forms on the earth. Th is chapter marks the train of thoughts followed by man, not only in the path of realization of the climate change, but also its modifi cations in the form of global warming which caused people to question their environmentally harmful intentions and activities. It gradually moves on to focus on the advent of ideas regarding the safeguard of the environment in order to mitigate climate change, to the current trends being followed all over the world to bring the change under control. Th e discussion about its implications is inevitable, particularly in case of agriculture and crop production which supports the entire mankind.

Assessment of the Impact of Nrega on Pond Irrigation: A Case Study on Blocks of Birbhum District, West Bengal, India

NREGA (National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005) is being eulogized by many in the academic,... more NREGA (National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005) is being eulogized by many in the academic, development and policy arena as a silver bullet for eradicating rural poverty and unemployment, but in this paper the effect of this policy on the micro irrigation practices is highlighted. The work undertaken in this policy such as digging new ponds or de-silting of ponds etc. has great impact on water availability and sustenance in the rural small water bodies. In rural India, ponds have been playing very vital role in economic and socio-cultural aspects and it also maintaining the eco-environmental sustainability. To show the viability of NREGA policy, study has done at two blocks of Birbhum district of West Bengal, selecting one from a drought prone area and other from flood affected area. Comparative study on the irrigational practices between pre and post NREGA implementing period has highlighted the pond irrigation status of the villages. The incorporation of the environment sustaining suggestions of the local people and experts will enrich such type of government’s rural development programmes.

Number, size, distribution and status of ponds in Kopai river basin, Eastern India

Deformation of the Jambudwip Island of Sundarban Region, Eastern India

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An Overview of Climate Change Causes, Trends and Implications

Global climate change is the most troublesome hindrance that the world is currently facing in its... more Global climate change is the most troublesome hindrance that the world is currently facing in its
struggle for existence. Earth’s climatic systems are one of the most dynamic and complex systems
which still have not been properly understood. Th e present climates and their elements are far diff erent
from the past, introducing newer complexities within the climatic sciences. It is of no doubt that,
climate change is entirely a natural process, the examples of which can be drawn from the ice ages,
but the anthropogenic side cannot be ignored. In fact, humans act as moderating factor through
their everyday activities which somehow attempt to introduce desired modifi cations in natural
climatic processes. Th us, the concept of Global Warming has evolved. A clear distinction between
climate change and global warming is utmost necessary. Lots of evidences of climate change and
global warming have already been recorded through modern instrumentation, historical temperature
analyses, global precipitation studies etc. A number of events prior to climate change have already
been seen, like the melting of glaciers, coral bleaching, tree line shift ing, sea level rising, and erratic
precipitation patterns. Climate and their elements no doubt are the most important determinants of
all type of life forms on the earth. Th is chapter marks the train of thoughts followed by man, not
only in the path of realization of the climate change, but also its modifi cations in the form of global
warming which caused people to question their environmentally harmful intentions and activities.
It gradually moves on to focus on the advent of ideas regarding the safeguard of the environment
in order to mitigate climate change, to the current trends being followed all over the world to bring
the change under control. Th e discussion about its implications is inevitable, particularly in case of
agriculture and crop production which supports the entire mankind.
Keywords: Adaptive capacity, agriculture, climate change, global warming, greenhouse eff ect

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ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF NREGA ON POND IRRIGATION: A CASE STUDY ON BLOCKS OF BIRBHUM DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL, INDIA

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Mridul Das

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