International Journal of Trendy Research in Engineering and Technology, 2024
Proper management of groundwater and surface water resources is crucial for a variety of reasons.... more Proper management of groundwater and surface water resources is crucial for a variety of reasons. The groundwater quality in Malajoye Village in Epe area was assessed by collecting samples from 8 dug wells to determine its suitability for irrigation due to the variability in quantity and quality of water available for irrigation in Nigeria. The fitness evaluation involved determining pH, conductivity, dissolved solids, alkalinity, as well as significant cations (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+) and anions (HCO 3-, Cl-, SO 4 2-). Of the 8 groundwater samples tested, 75% are classified as good water, while the remaining 25% are deemed unsuitable for irrigation. From these assessments, various irrigation quality parameters, including sodium absorption ratio, Kelley's ratio, residual sodium carbonate, and Mg hazard, were computed. Piper, and stiff diagrams shows the water type in the study area is freshwater while shoeller diagram indicates the water type is a combination of freshwater and seawater. The Gibbs diagram indicates water chemistry is primarily influenced by water-rock interaction, including mineral dissolution and chemical weathering. Evaluation of groundwater samples from the study area revealed that most of the water analysed is appropriate for irrigation use without endangering agricultural activities in Malajoye village, Epe, Lagos State.
International Journal of Trendy Research in Engineering and Technology, 2024
Ayetoro, a coastal community in Ondo State, Nigeria is currently facing a saltwater intrusion tha... more Ayetoro, a coastal community in Ondo State, Nigeria is currently facing a saltwater intrusion that puts its survival at risk. This study analyzed (10) water samples from Ayetoro community's coastal aquifers to evaluate groundwater quality, saline intrusion impact, and conduct different physicochemical analysis. This paper discusses multiple causes of saltwater intrusion, such as the excessive use of freshwater and climate change, along with necessary methods for managing saltwater intrusion and the consequences it brings to coastal areas, the environment, and groundwater contamination in the region. The results were compared with the acceptable drinking water limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO). The findings showed that pH levels vary from 5.28 to 6.59, suggesting that the analyzed water samples may pose a threat to human health (such as skin irritation). The total hardness levels indicate that all water samples exceed the WHO's permissible limit of 500. High electrical conductivity values were observed in all water samples except for AY_9, indicating a likely presence of saline water intrusion in the groundwaters of Ayetoro community. Nonetheless, the levels of sulphate, chloride, sodium, potassium, total dissolved solids (TDS), and calcium-related hardness remained within acceptable limits for domestic use and irrigation in the entire study area, except for drinking water. Thus, it is advised to conduct consistent monitoring of saltwater intrusion to prevent contamination of other aquifers.
International Journal of Trendy Research in Engineering and Technology, 2024
Six (6) samples were obtained from boreholes and monitoring wells in the vicinity of the Oke-Diya... more Six (6) samples were obtained from boreholes and monitoring wells in the vicinity of the Oke-Diya landfill sites in Sagamu, Ogun State. The pH, EC, TDS, Total Hardness, Chloride content, Total Alkalinity, and Nitrate content were examined in both the water samples gathered. The findings were examined and contrasted with the World Health Organization (WHO-2011) and the Nigerian Standard for drinking water quality (NSDWQ-2007). Certain levels of physio-chemical parameters at Oke-Diya dumpsite were discovered to be elevated, especially in EC and TDS, whereas Chloride levels indicated that OD-3 and OD-4 exceeded the established standards (WHO&NSDWQ). The elevated chloride levels found in groundwater samples OD-3 and OD-4 indicate that the contamination is likely originating from sewage sources. The study areas revealed that the pH levels in the ground water samples are slightly acidic in nature. This could be due to dense population and commercial activities in those regions. Total Alkalinity, Dissolved Nitrate, and Total Hardness levels in the water samples comply with NSDWQ and WHO standards except for Total Hardness in OD-4 which is above the permissible limit. The study suggests that poorly designed landfills and hazard waste disposal into water bodies may result in significant groundwater contamination, posing risks to human health and the environment. Hence, it is necessary for both community members and the government to work together to prevent careless waste disposal and to implement effective waste management and monitoring in locations where landfills exist.
International Journal of Trendy Research in Engineering and Technology, 2024
The evaluation of groundwater quality is crucial for sustainable agriculture, as it is a primary ... more The evaluation of groundwater quality is crucial for sustainable agriculture, as it is a primary water source for irrigation. This study discusses the results of examining the groundwater quality and its appropriateness for irrigation in Onikitinbi village, located in the Ogun waterside area of Ogun State, southwestern Nigeria. This was carried out using the irrigation water quality indices (hydrogeochemical and physio-chemical parameters). The indicators considered include the Magnesium Absorption Ratio (MAR), Kelly Ratio (KR), pH, Total Hardness (TH), Total Dissolved Solid, Stiff and Piper's Diagram, and Kelly's ratio. The values obtained were MAR (19.25 to 28.85%, mean of 6.95%), Kelly Ratio (0.11 to.016, mean of 0.13), and pH (6.83 to 7.08, mean of 6.95). Total Hardness (98 mg/L to 266 mg/L, mean of 183 mg/L) and Total Dissolved Solid (40 mg/L to 375 mg/L, mean of 207 mg/L). The Ca-HCO 3and Ca-SO 4 2water types from Stiff diagram and Piper's diagram shows that the water sample in the Onikitinbi are from freshwater and Industrial or agricultural sources respectively, while the Gibbs diagram suggests that the main factor controlling the water chemistry is the water-rock interaction. The calculated water indices indicate that the groundwater in the study area meets the required standards for agricultural purposes, specifically irrigation.
International Journal of Trendy Research in Engineering and Technology
An electrical resistivity survey was conducted at different locations within Ayede Ekiti, Ekiti S... more An electrical resistivity survey was conducted at different locations within Ayede Ekiti, Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. This is aimed at evaluating groundwater potential zones and aquifer properties within the study area. Data were acquired at four (4) different locations using the vertical electrical sounding method by employing the Schlumberger array configuration. This study utilizes resistivity data processed with IPI2win software to analyze the subsurface geology of a basement complex region. The result of the study showed that qualitatively, three major curve types (A, HA, and H) were observed. Varying curve types, predominantly A curves, were observed across the research area, with notable groundwater potential indicated by H and HA curve types at select points. Through curve matching techniques, three to four distinct geo-electric layers were identified, while the quantitative interpretation resulted in deducing layers with different resistivity and thickness values for each VES(s) of the study area. It was deduced that the VES 2 and 3 zones are connected to a high output of groundwater. However, VES 1 and 4 are characterized by low groundwater potential. This research contributes valuable insights for geological mapping and groundwater resource assessment in complex basement terrains of the study area.
International Journal of Trendy Research in Engineering and Technology, 2024
An electrical resistivity survey was conducted at different locations within Ayede Ekiti, Ekiti S... more An electrical resistivity survey was conducted at different locations within Ayede Ekiti, Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria. This is aimed at evaluating groundwater potential zones and aquifer properties within the study area. Data were acquired at four (4) different locations using the vertical electrical sounding method by employing the Schlumberger array configuration. This study utilizes resistivity data processed with IPI2win software to analyze the subsurface geology of a basement complex region. The result of the study showed that qualitatively, three major curve types (A, HA, and H) were observed. Varying curve types, predominantly A curves, were observed across the research area, with notable groundwater potential indicated by H and HA curve types at select points. Through curve matching techniques, three to four distinct geo-electric layers were identified, while the quantitative interpretation resulted in deducing layers with different resistivity and thickness values for each VES(s) of the study area. It was deduced that the VES 2 and 3 zones are connected to a high output of groundwater. However, VES 1 and 4 are characterized by low groundwater potential. This research contributes valuable insights for geological mapping and groundwater resource assessment in complex basement terrains of the study area.
International Journal of Trendy Research in Engineering and Technology, 2024
Three (3) samples of lateritic soil from various parent rocks in AFON, Kwara State, were analyzed... more Three (3) samples of lateritic soil from various parent rocks in AFON, Kwara State, were analyzed for their potential as construction materials. All the samples were analyzed following the guidelines set in the BSI standard. Three samples of laterites were gathered from the research site for geotechnical examination. Tests were conducted on the laterites to determine their geotechnical characteristics, including liquid limit, plastic limit, plastic index, optimum moisture content (OMC), maximum dry density (MDD), California Bearing Ratio, and moisture content. The outcomes were evaluated against the standards set by the Federal Ministry of Work for Roads. The liquid limit, plastic limit, and plastic index of the laterites ranged between 42.
International Journal of Trendy Research in Engineering and Technology, 2024
Climate change affects surface water resources through changes in evaporation, surface water rech... more Climate change affects surface water resources through changes in evaporation, surface water recharge, temperature, runoff, and rainfall. Such changes affect the mobilization of nutrients and the distribution and mobility of pollutants in surface water systems. The present study attempts the physiochemical and hydrochemical characterization of surface-quality water in the Share-Tsaragi and its environs in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of ten (10) water samples were collected from the study area. The physiochemical characteristics such as pH and total dissolved solids (TDS) were determined to understand the surface water characteristics, and the results showed that pH (6.39 to 7.67) and total dissolved solids (35 to 230 mg/l) were significantly moderate across the different stations. This indicated that all the water samples are good for drinking and irrigation. The hydrochemical data were utilized to generate graphical representations and scientific computations that determined the relationship between chemical components and water quality. The main elements found in the samples were Ca-HCO 3-. Piper diagram indicates that the water samples are made of mixed Ca-Na-HCO 3and mixed Ca-Mg, indicating transient hardness. Gibbs plots show that water chemistry is primarily influenced by rock-water interactions and precipitation processes. The Gibbs plots show a change with increased bicarbonate and lower TDS, indicating salt intake through precipitation.
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