Background: A suboptimal vitamin D and calcium status has been associated with higher risk of typ... more Background: A suboptimal vitamin D and calcium status has been associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes in observational studies, but evidence from trials is lacking. Objective: We determined whether vitamin D supplementation, with or without calcium, improved glucose homeostasis in adults at high risk of diabetes. Design: Ninety-two adults were randomly assigned in a 2-by-2 factorial-design, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial to receive either cholecalciferol (2000 IU once daily) or calcium carbonate (400 mg twice daily) for 16 wk. The primary outcome was the change in pancreatic b cell function as measured by the disposition index after an intravenous-glucose-tolerance test. Other outcomes were acute insulin response, insulin sensitivity, and measures of glycemia. Results: Participants had a mean age of 57 y, a body mass index (BMI; in kg/m 2 ) of 32, and glycated hemoglobin (Hb A 1c ) of 5.9%. There was no significant vitamin D · calcium interaction on any outcomes. The disposition index increased in the vitamin D group and decreased in the no-vitamin D group (adjusted mean change 6 SE: 300 6 130 compared with 2126 6 127, respectively; P = 0.011), which was explained by an improvement in insulin secretion (62 6 39 compared with 236 6 37 mU · L 21 · min, respectively; P = 0.046). Hb A 1c increased less, but nonsignificantly, in the vitamin D group than in the no-vitamin D group (0.06 6 0.03% compared with 0.14 6 0.03%, respectively; P = 0.081). There was no significant difference in any outcomes with calcium compared with no calcium. Conclusion: In adults at risk of type 2 diabetes, short-term supplementation with cholecalciferol improved b cell function and had a marginal effect on attenuating the rise in Hb A 1c . This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00436475.
Compatibility of Cardiac Muscle Cells on Coated-Gelatin Electro-Spun Polyhydroxybutyrate/valerate Nano Fibrous Film
Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 2011
ABSTRACT Background Tissue engineering is defined as the designing and engineering of structures ... more ABSTRACT Background Tissue engineering is defined as the designing and engineering of structures to rebuild and repair a body damaged tissue. Scaffolding Poly Hydroxy Butyrate Valrate (PHBV) has shown good biocompatibility and biodegradable properties. Nanofibers have improved the performance of biomaterials, and could be considered effective. One of the important methods for designing nanofiber scaffold is the electrospinnig method. In this study, PHBV nanofibers were well designed; then, modified with the immobilized gelatin via the chemically method. The samples were evaluated by ATR-FTIR, SEM, and finally, myocardiocyte culture. Results ATR-FTIR structural analysis showed the presence of gelatin on the nanofiber surfaces. The SEM images showed the size average of nanofibers as to be about 280 nm; that increased with a gelatin coating up to 500 nm. Cellular investigations (myocardiocyte) showed better adhesion and cell growth and proliferation of coated samples than uncoated samples. Conclusions In this work, the PHBV nanofibers with a size average about 280 nm were designed. Nanofibers were successfully coated with gelatin via the chemically methods. These gelatin-coated nanofibers could be used well for heart tissue engineering. Key words: PHBV, Nanofiber, Gelatin Coating, Cellular Investigation, Cardiac Muscle Cells.
Long range predictive PID control for nonlinear boiler-turbine dynamics
2009 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2009
Electric power companies pay attention to the load following capability and economical operation ... more Electric power companies pay attention to the load following capability and economical operation of a thermal power plant. However, conventional PID controllers embedded in DCSs cannot always provide the optimum solution for such subjects. To cope with these problems, we discuss a model predictive control (MPC) system to tune PID controller parameters. Prior to study of the advanced control system,
The impact of alendronate on bone mineral density of osteoporotic patients
Acta medica Iranica, 2013
The present study assessed the real life therapeutic effects of weekly doses of alendronate in tr... more The present study assessed the real life therapeutic effects of weekly doses of alendronate in treating a group of osteoporotic patients in Iran. The present historical cohort was conducted on patients who had undergone two or more bone mineral densitometry within an interval of 1.5-2 years in Shariati Hospital bone mineral density department between 2002 and 2010.patients were asked by phone about consumption of alendronate. The mean increase in the BMD values at different sites was calculated. There was a significant increase in the body mass index (BMI) values of both the individuals taking alendronate and the control group (P<0.001). Taking the weekly dosage of the drug was associated with a 7.67% increase in the BMD values at the femoral neck, 8.68% at the total hip, and 3.17% at the lumbar spine. Moreover, our results showed a significant difference between the height decline in the two groups (alendronate taking: 0.7±2.4 vs. control: -0.7±2.6, P<0.001). Comparing the re...
Determining wurtzite band structure using optical spectroscopies on single InP nanowires
ABSTRACT We use photocurrent spectroscopy, photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, and photomo... more ABSTRACT We use photocurrent spectroscopy, photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, and photomodulated Rayleigh scattering spectroscopy to study the band structure of hexagonal Wurtzite InP nanowires. Excitations from heavy hole band (A), light hole band (B) and split-off band (C) in the valence band to the conduction bands of single InP Wurtzite nanowires have been observed, revealing the energies of the A, B and C hole bands.
The effect of V/III ratio and catalyst particle size on the crystal structure and optical properties of InP nanowires
Nanotechnology, 2009
InP nanowires were grown on 111B InP substrates by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition in th... more InP nanowires were grown on 111B InP substrates by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition in the presence of colloidal gold particles as catalysts. Transmission electron microscopy and photoluminescence measurements were carried out to investigate the effects of V/III ratio and nanowire diameter on structural and optical properties. Results show that InP nanowires grow preferably in the wurtzite crystal structure than the zinc blende crystal structure with increasing V/III ratio or decreasing diameter. Additionally, time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) studies have revealed that wurtzite nanowires show longer recombination lifetimes of approximately 2500 ps with notably higher quantum efficiencies.
Microscopic and Cytochemical Analysis of Extracellular Matrices and Endogenous Reserves of Conidia of Colletotrichum truncatum Harvested from Carbon- and Nitrogen-limited Cultures
Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2003
The effects of nutrition during conidiation on extracellular matrices (ECM) and endogenous reserv... more The effects of nutrition during conidiation on extracellular matrices (ECM) and endogenous reserves of conidia of the promising mycoherbicide Colletotrichum truncatum have been examined. Transmission electron microscopy showed no ECM on the conidia, regardless of the C:N ratio (10:1, 30:1 or 80:1) of the medium on which they were produced. Cytochemical analysis using fluorochrome-labelled lectins revealed the presence of specific
Effects of Nutrition on Desiccation Tolerance and Virulence of Colletotrichum truncatum and Alternaria alternata Conidia
Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2002
... Connick, WJ Jr, Daigle, DJ, Boyette, CD, Williams, KS, Vinyard, BT & Quimby, PC Jr. ... L... more ... Connick, WJ Jr, Daigle, DJ, Boyette, CD, Williams, KS, Vinyard, BT & Quimby, PC Jr. ... Louis, I., Chew,A.&Lim, G. (1988) In¯ uence of spore density and extracellular conidial matrix on spore germination in Colletotrichum capsici. ...
Picosecond carrier dynamics within the band structure of single InP nanowires with zincblende and wurtzite symmetries
ABSTRACT Low temperature transient Rayleigh scattering spectroscopy (TRS) is used to probe the ca... more ABSTRACT Low temperature transient Rayleigh scattering spectroscopy (TRS) is used to probe the carrier dynamics of single zincblende (ZB) and wurtzite (WZ) InP nanowires (NW). The NWs were MOCVD grown using 50 nm Au-nanoparticles. For ZB NWs, the TRS signal reveals various dynamical processes of the electrons within the conduction band as well as the holes in the degenerate heavy/light bands and the split-off band. The fundamental and the split-off band gaps are measured at 1.423eV and 1.529eV. For WZ NWs, we observe three excitonic resonances associated with the hole bands A at 1.501eV, B at 1.534eV and C at 1.66eV. We also observe clear transitions between the same A and B bands and the second conduction band, resulted from zone folding of the L-valley, which is measured at ˜ 230meV higher than the first. The lifetimes of the A, B and C excitons at ˜ 800ps, ˜ 400ps and ˜ 50ps respectively. In addition, a type II transition between electrons confined to small zincblende inclusions and holes confined to the wurtzite is identified which marks the ZB-WZ band-offset. We acknowledge the NSF (DMR-1105362, 1105121), ECCS-1100489 and the ARC.
Photoluminescence Study of Type II ZB-WZ InP nanowire homostructures
Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Mar 17, 2009
We use CW and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) from single InP nanowires containing both wu... more We use CW and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) from single InP nanowires containing both wurtzite (WZ) and zincblende (ZB) crystalline phases to study the quantum confinement of excitons in a Type-II homostructure. We observe strong excitation power dependence, with a change in PL emission energy from the ZB edge to the WZ edge suggesting that the nanowires have mixed phases. TRPL shows a dramatic increase of recombination lifetime from 170 ps for excitons in the continuum above the conduction ...
2011 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 2011
Population and industry growth has increased power consumption and consequently development of ne... more Population and industry growth has increased power consumption and consequently development of new power generators is inevitable in country. Costs of high production and transfer for large-scale power stations, has attracted new attentions to Distributed Generations (DGs) in recent years. With considering the capacity and location of these units, significant improvements on the distribution networks could be gained, although their
The effect of nutrition on conidiation and conidial germination of Fusarium anthophilum obtained from barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli)
An isolated Fusarium anthophilum (A. Braun) Wollenweber (isolate 16C) has been considered as a ca... more An isolated Fusarium anthophilum (A. Braun) Wollenweber (isolate 16C) has been considered as a candidate for microbial control of barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv). The effects of nutrition on conidiation, germination rate and germ-tube elongation of conidia of the fungus were evaluated. Conidia yield, conidial germination and conidial germ-tube elongation of the fungus grown in a liquid medium
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