Papers by Hit Kishore Goswami
Folia Musei rerum naturalium Bohemiae occidentalis. Geologica et Paleobiologica
The extant plant genus Isoetes (Isoetaceae; lycophyte, quillwort) is important from an evolutiona... more The extant plant genus Isoetes (Isoetaceae; lycophyte, quillwort) is important from an evolutionary point of view. Species of this heterosporous genus are small herbs (up to 50 centimeters) and exhibit some morphological, anatomical and embryological features of their Paleozoic arborescent lycopsid ancestors. The species Isoetes pantii produces three kinds of microspores (monolete, alete and trilete) and two types of trilete megaspores in one and the same heterosporangium. We attempt to associate these unusual functional megaspores with various Paleozoic spores described mainly from Devonian barinophytaleans such as Omniastrobus dawsonii, Barinophyton richardsonii, B. citrulliforme and Protobarinophyton pennsylvanicum. These have two kinds of spores in a sporangium and provide the first palynological evidence of heterospory at 405 Ma. The germination of microspores and megaspores and production of gametophytes within the heterosporangia of I. pantii corresponds with that of some of ...
Routine human chromosome studies can detect early onset of malignancy and some other epigenetic mechanisms among prospective families
International journal of applied science - research and review, Mar 7, 2019
Global Imaging Insights
Ophioglossum L. (Ophioglossaceae: Pteridophyta) leaves have
been repeatedly observed to possess... more Ophioglossum L. (Ophioglossaceae: Pteridophyta) leaves have
been repeatedly observed to possess symbiont cyanobacteria (Blue
green algae) within the mesophyll tissue thereby confirming that the
Ophioglossum genome is on way to adapt for housing the blue green
algae as symbiotic organism.
Plant Genetic Resources, 2016
Selective use of crude plant extracts has been the oldest ritual in ancient Indian Medicinal Syst... more Selective use of crude plant extracts has been the oldest ritual in ancient Indian Medicinal System ‘Ayurveda’, as well as in Traditional Chinese Medicine system for thousands of years. This has been well documented that herbal medicines of Chinese, Indian, Korean and Native American people had included bryophytes, lichens, lycophytes and ferns. Since antiquity, most of the ferns and fern allies have given many health benefits to ancient civilizations who had used them for food, tea and drugs. Modern approaches have combined multidisciplinary technologies and have specific chemical compounds extracted and identified for producing very particulate medicines from plant parts. Plants, which yield appreciable quality and quantity of polysaccharides, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and antibiotics are suitable for dragging out drugs for many ailments/diseases, including cancer treatments. Modern explorations on the functional activities of pteridophytes for human health by di...
Medicines (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 13, 2017
Background: Extensive surveys of several population settlements in different parts of India-cover... more Background: Extensive surveys of several population settlements in different parts of India-covering plains, mountains, valleys, river banks and deeper areas of forests at different altitudes-between 1968 and 2016 demonstrated that the basic vital need of hunger is being fulfilled since antiquity by plants in the wild. Methods: Based on collections, consultations with local population personnel and literature searches, this paper presents many plants that are commonly used as food and focuses on their products, which are rich in alkaloids, polysaccharides, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, aminoacids, fatty acids and antibiotics etc. These complex organic compounds are suitable for the production of drugs for many ailments/diseases, including the prevention of cancers. Results: There are more than 100 families including several hundred plant taxa from various plant groups like angiosperms, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and even fleshy fungi, which have offered essential foo...
Journal of Family Medicine & Community Health, 2020
Abstract
In the modern context, chromosomes should be defined as “compound unit of inheritance l... more Abstract
In the modern context, chromosomes should be defined as “compound unit of inheritance loaded with sequences of nucleic acids following intracellular molecular events of
transmission and cell division”. The definition is based on observations which must differentiate between the specific chromosome structure and the chromatin structures expelled
by chromosomes. During 1960s and 1970s, small chromatin dots were seen in addition to the normal chromosomal component among many metaphases prepared from tissues of
brain tumours by various workers but the fact that certain specific chromosomes, under a triggered molecular mechanism, expel chromatin dots was realized as an important event
by the present author in 1986. After observing clear pictures of various metaphases and identifying the specific chromosomes by G banding showing emanating chromatin dots,
we had named these small chromosome structures as “Marker Dots” (MDs). These marker dots were repeatedly observed and defined (1986,1992) as being detached from a
specific chromosome; sometimes also demonstrated as held or attached with a fine fibril to the chromosome. Lately, these expelled chromosome structures have been named as small
Supernumerary Marker Chromosomes (SMCs) by various workers and with the help of most modern techniques like DNA hybridisation in situ, FISH techniques they have also reported
exactly same results that chromatin structures are expelled from specific chromosomes. Since neither small marker chromosomes (SMCs) nor marker dots (MDs), though, both have been
shown to be produced by any chromosome within a cell, have definite centromere, we can best designate them as marker dots. Our observations already published have exhibited
marker dots to be found among some metaphases of normal persons without any phenotypic variable, sometimes in persons with malignant features or sometimes also associated with
many pathological conditions as well as in recurrently aborting couples. Hence it would be logical to hypothesize that “Emanation of chromatin is an accelerated epigenetic molecular
triggering within specific loci of chromosomes.” Influence or impact of this expelled chromatin structure might be related with the activated DNA sequences on the chromosome loci from
where and which specific chromosome, this has been “expelled. Since the mode of origin as well as functional aspects of both Marker Dots and SMCs are identical; both are present
in normal persons and sometimes affiliated with some and the other disease, these should be considered as synonyms. Both appear to be the same and can help in genetic counselling.
Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports, 2017
This short paper reemphasizes the importance of certain chromatin dots (named as Marker dots) whi... more This short paper reemphasizes the importance of certain chromatin dots (named as Marker dots) which are seen emanating from chromosomes in lymphocyte cultures of various syndromes and persons showing early signs of malignancy as well as among a greater majority of women who exhibited recurrent abortions (03 or more abortions). Those couples who were detected to show history of recurrent abortions but were otherwise fertile and normal (from reproductive points of view) were referred to our genetic clinic by gynecologists and were investigated for chromosome scrutiny. Assuming that both husband and wife constitute one unit (equally responsible: genetically) for the result of early termination of pregnancy, we had carried out simultaneous study on chromosomes by lymphocyte cultures. During investigations we had put a questionnaire asking separately that if any one of them had a history of any type of cancer in their family. Out of 281 couples investigated 207 couples were positive with cancer history and 72 were without any cancer history. Also, there were 35 couples who showed abortions but without cancer history. The difference is highly significant (Chi square /χ 2 = 6.635 at 1df; p< 0.01). That cancer history in the family and recurrent abortions are intricately related becomes more vivid and well established by observations that out of 281 couples 193 couples are those who exhibit 03 or more abortions and among them, only 18 couples show no cancer history in the family. Precisely, 175 couples have cancer-history while only 18 were without it, indicating that cancer history in the family increases tenfold possibility of recurrent abortions. Furthermore, earlier studies had reported marker dots to be positively associated with women showing 03 to 07 abortions and have been referred to be indicators of chromosomal mutagenesis; because these have been found in chromosome preparations of seemingly normal persons who later, developed malignancy and also, in 70% metaphases of recurrently aborting women and in 90% chromosome preparations of cancer patients. Hence, this is hypothesized that due to hyper activity of some gene combination within the intra-embryonic tissue, a kind of mutational mechanism might be triggered. In incidences of vanishing twin, where the twin pregnancy gradually removes one foetus (finally resulting in a single birth), those induced pre-malignancy features are rejected by selective intrauterine immunogenetic and molecular defence mechanisms. Quite likely, the twin pregnancy resulting in vanishing twin might be a Dizygotic (DZ) pregnancy hence developing embryonal tissue differed in gene-interacting mechanisms.
Genetic and Environmental Factors Influencing Embryological Errors lead to congenital alformations: Search for possible improvements
In the entire biological world including microorganisms, it is the female strain/ female sex, whi... more In the entire biological world including microorganisms, it is the female strain/ female sex, which has been bestowed exclusive responsibility by the evolutionary plasticity for “conceiving” (becoming diploid by way of gemetes) and later nurturing the developing embryonal stages until the birth of next generation offspring. In this evolutionary compulsion, though genetically, both male and female ”parent” contribute almost equally (50:50 for nuclear genes ; but female gamete may have extra cytoplasmic genes in mammals), but the female parent has to depend on external environment, dietary intake and several harmful exposures. Therefore, embryological developments are terribly prone to lot many environmental factors besides being dependent on gene combinations in the developing foetus for thousands of traits shaping within an individual, to be born. The developmental defects or malformations simply mean “traits present at birth”, which in turn are again two types; external malformatio...
A few chromatin dots of variable sizes were encountered in squashes of brain tumour tissues viz. ... more A few chromatin dots of variable sizes were encountered in squashes of brain tumour tissues viz. medulloblastoma, ependymoma and tuberculoma along with hyper and hypoploid chromosome counts way back in 1973. Similar chromosomal features were again observed in metaphases of persons exposed to methylisocyanate gas in Bhopal during midnight of 2nd to 3rd December, 1984. Follow-up studies continued during 1984-1999 and comparative assessments on chromosomal damages were attempted by SCE (sister chromatid exchanges) as well as by scoring more than a dozen types of chromosomal aberrations on 678 individuals by C and G-banding and Feulgen’s and Aceto-orcein staining procedures on cultured-lymphocytes, details of which, have been published earlier. This short paper reemphasizes the importance of certain chromatin dots (named as Marker dots) which were seen emanating from chromosomes. These marker dots appeared reliable early indicators of neoplastic transformations. During follow-up studies...
Evolutionary Lineages, Inherently Conserved Within the Genome of Isoetes L (Isoetaceae: Pteridophyta) Express in Heterosporangia of Isoetes Pantii Goswami Arya: Brief Review: A Five Decades’ Study
Journal of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Research
Heterosporous sporangia discovered in Isoetes pantii Goswami & Arya are known as heterosporangia.... more Heterosporous sporangia discovered in Isoetes pantii Goswami & Arya are known as heterosporangia. Heterosporangia produce thousands of alete, monolete and trilete microspores and a few dozen megaspores. This trait is inherent within the genome of I pantii because plants collected from a location in South Gujarat also exhibit this feature. Additionally, initial collections and followup studies since 1966 have been consistently showing two types of megaspores within the heterosporangia. While microspores and megaspores develop in each and every hetrosporangium, additional unusual megaspores, variable in shape and size (180-220 micron), do not occur in all heterosporangia of all plants. These spores closely resembling fossil ancestral spores are being now termed as “Chalonospores”. Thus, a living spore genus Chalonospora is being named and defined as a spore discovered in a living plant which recall fossil ancestry of the genus but are never found in any other extant species of the gen...
Ophioglossum chaloneri: A new species of Ophioglossum (Ophioglossaceae: Pteridophyta) from India
Phytotaxa
In the present study, we describe Ophioglossum chaloneri as a new species from the Hurdulu forest... more In the present study, we describe Ophioglossum chaloneri as a new species from the Hurdulu forest area, near Ranchi (Jharkhand, India), on the basis of morphological, palynological, cytological, and molecular analyses. The new species can be distinguished from all other congeners of genus Ophioglossum in having their unusually small linear rhizome with a long stalk of trophophore, a sporophore arising from a distance from the base of the trophophore hence not always adnate or appearing inserted at the base. Triradiate, round spores show small tubercles towards the proximal pyramidal area and irregular smooth elevated exine striations on both the proximal and distal faces. The ventral face of the trophophore is unusually thin all around margin thereby showing thin whitish margin from the lower side, a situation that may be due to lack of chloroplast all around the margin at the lower face of the trophophore. This feature is not observed in any other species of the genus. Molecular st...
Routine Orthopedic Clinics can Detect Genetic Involvements
Orthoplastic Surgery & Orthopedic Care International Journal
Is rare chromatin agglutination on chromosomes mutually related to metastasis? An hypothesis
Global Imaging Insights
Chromosome aberration in typical biological systems under exposure to low- and high-intensity magnetic fields
Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine
Comparative phylogenetics of some species of Ophioglossum L. (Ophioglossaceae: Pteridophyta) in India with comments on evolutionary significance of high palaeoploidy and rare morphological traits
The Nucleus
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
This paper describes the occurrence of periderm in three genera, <i>Botrychium</i> Sw... more This paper describes the occurrence of periderm in three genera, <i>Botrychium</i> Swartz., <i>Helminthostachys</i> Kaulfuss, and…
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
The developmental aspects of ligule, labium and sporangium are studied and differences in structu... more The developmental aspects of ligule, labium and sporangium are studied and differences in structure and function are mentioned. This paper also revises the conventional position of ligule and labium in Isoëtes.
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
The bilobed sporangia in the species of <i>Anthoceros, Isoetes</i> and <i>Ophio... more The bilobed sporangia in the species of <i>Anthoceros, Isoetes</i> and <i>Ophioglossum</i> are described. The morphogenetic importance of the process of "fission" in evolutionary development of sporangia in pteridophytes is discussed.
30. Goswami, H. K., Shrivastava, N., Gopal, S. K., Sharma, S., Chandorkar, M. S., Lee, I. H. & Chang, S. I. (1997). Unusual chromosomal features in a child with gradual disappearance of Right Ulna (mono ostolic osteolysis). J. Genet Med. 1: 11-16 Korea
Twin Research and Human Genetics, 2016
Human population cytogenetic studies have revealed that a majority of persons who are prone to de... more Human population cytogenetic studies have revealed that a majority of persons who are prone to developing malignant features possess chromatin bodies termed as marker dots (MDs) measuring nearly 2 to 3 microns. These MDs are seen emanating from certain specific chromosomes, which may be early indicators of neoplastic transformation within cells.
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Papers by Hit Kishore Goswami
been repeatedly observed to possess symbiont cyanobacteria (Blue
green algae) within the mesophyll tissue thereby confirming that the
Ophioglossum genome is on way to adapt for housing the blue green
algae as symbiotic organism.
In the modern context, chromosomes should be defined as “compound unit of inheritance loaded with sequences of nucleic acids following intracellular molecular events of
transmission and cell division”. The definition is based on observations which must differentiate between the specific chromosome structure and the chromatin structures expelled
by chromosomes. During 1960s and 1970s, small chromatin dots were seen in addition to the normal chromosomal component among many metaphases prepared from tissues of
brain tumours by various workers but the fact that certain specific chromosomes, under a triggered molecular mechanism, expel chromatin dots was realized as an important event
by the present author in 1986. After observing clear pictures of various metaphases and identifying the specific chromosomes by G banding showing emanating chromatin dots,
we had named these small chromosome structures as “Marker Dots” (MDs). These marker dots were repeatedly observed and defined (1986,1992) as being detached from a
specific chromosome; sometimes also demonstrated as held or attached with a fine fibril to the chromosome. Lately, these expelled chromosome structures have been named as small
Supernumerary Marker Chromosomes (SMCs) by various workers and with the help of most modern techniques like DNA hybridisation in situ, FISH techniques they have also reported
exactly same results that chromatin structures are expelled from specific chromosomes. Since neither small marker chromosomes (SMCs) nor marker dots (MDs), though, both have been
shown to be produced by any chromosome within a cell, have definite centromere, we can best designate them as marker dots. Our observations already published have exhibited
marker dots to be found among some metaphases of normal persons without any phenotypic variable, sometimes in persons with malignant features or sometimes also associated with
many pathological conditions as well as in recurrently aborting couples. Hence it would be logical to hypothesize that “Emanation of chromatin is an accelerated epigenetic molecular
triggering within specific loci of chromosomes.” Influence or impact of this expelled chromatin structure might be related with the activated DNA sequences on the chromosome loci from
where and which specific chromosome, this has been “expelled. Since the mode of origin as well as functional aspects of both Marker Dots and SMCs are identical; both are present
in normal persons and sometimes affiliated with some and the other disease, these should be considered as synonyms. Both appear to be the same and can help in genetic counselling.