Papers by Gyaneshwar Singh
Being part of the agrarian economy of India, the State of Uttar Pradesh has a large population de... more Being part of the agrarian economy of India, the State of Uttar Pradesh has a large population dependent on the agriculture sector for their livelihood. In the agriculture sector, large population of agricultural workers (landless and small-marginal farmers) – target group of studybesides working as laborers in the agricultural fields of (big) farmers, does farming as the farmer for improving their household income. This large population being dependent on agriculture is trapped in poverty. These farming communities (landless and small farmers) had not adequately benefitted from the Green revolution and both the agriculture sector and its dependents were facing several problems and challenges caused by the Green revolution. In this situation, with aims of reducing poverty by following the economic reforms undertaken by the Government of India, the State of Uttar Pradesh had also undertaken the economic reforms mainly since 1998 for industrial and agricultural growth. However, contin...
Household level food security of the agricultural workers in Uttar Pradesh
2 Abstract: Prior to the Indian Independence, the labour system especially of the unorganized sec... more 2 Abstract: Prior to the Indian Independence, the labour system especially of the unorganized sector was known for exploitation of the labourers. In the post independence period, for stopping sweated labour and preventing the exploitation of labourers of the unorganised sector, the Minimum Wages Act 1948 was enacted. It was one of the labour laws, which was setting the minimum wages of the unorganised sector. The payment below the minimum wage rate amounted to forced employment. Agriculture was one of 60 scheduled employments of the unorganized sector which employed large number of the agricultural workers working in the fields of other for wages. Through the study, conducted in the four economic regions of Uttar Pradesh, perceptions of the agricultural workers were collected to assess the employment conditions as well as to ascertain whether during the economic reform period, agricultural workers were being exploited or not. It was revealed out that around 40 percent (male and fema...
International Journal of African and Asian Studies, 2013
To overcome the financial crisis, occurred in 1980s, India had undertaken economic reform measure... more To overcome the financial crisis, occurred in 1980s, India had undertaken economic reform measures for economic growth towards reducing unemployment and poverty. In this period, decline of economic growth, Uttar Pradesh, had also experienced. Towards tackling the decline in agrarian economic growth, the state government, by trapping the opportunity of undertaken economic reform measures by the central government, had undertaken economic reform measures through formulating Industrial Policies 1998 and 2004. On the adopted pattern of the central government for achieving economic growth and development through designing pro-service sector (urban centric) economic reform measures (treating service sector as engine of economic growth and development), the state government had also made almost the same efforts. The economic growth was planned to be achieved through industrial and agricultural growth. Resultantly, state economy grew but with imbalanced growth in economic sectors. Now service sector is dominant over the economies of India and Uttar Pradesh. In the globalization period, economic reform has adversely affected growth and development of agriculture sector, which provides foods to State's 72 percent populations. Todate, agriculture sector is being characterized by low growth, low employment, low crop, low income and high inputs. The largest population of agricultural workers (landless families and small land holder families) has also got adversely affected. The policy discrimination with agriculture sector has widened the rural-urban and rich-poor divide. In result, agricultural workers are shifting from agricultural works to non-agricultural works. Today, they are facing problems and challenges, likes, inadequate and irregular employment days, inadequate wages, inadequate income, low bargaining power, poor access to social security scheme, etc. The post economic reform effects are also raising the questions on the achievement of objectives (reducing unemployment and poverty) of Industrial policies and advertisement of good governance and inclusive growth for all.
Diverse farming system in flood affected areas of Eastern Uttar Pradesh
The Asian Man an International Journal, 2011
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Papers by Gyaneshwar Singh