Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the level of knowledge and the ability to manage critic... more Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the level of knowledge and the ability to manage critical situations in sports among sports students in Tirana, the Albanian capital. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was administered to 418 students. The questionnaire was divided into 2 parts; the general knowledge about medical emergencies and their knowledge of how to manage the critical situations in sports. The source of information was asked in the questionnaire as well as demographic questions. Students who participated in the questionnaire were divided into two groups: Gr. A sport students and Gr. B non-sports students. This questionnaire was carried out before the start of the medical emergency program. The applied method is observation and comparison. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess linear associations and paired t-test was employed to compare matched/paired numerical variables. Results: From the questionnaire, 86% of students answered that they had general knowledge about medical emergencies and 47% of them had partial knowledge in management of them but only 3.6% thought that they could apply their knowledge. 72% of students answered that they had information about head injury where 36% knew how to manage and only 1.5% could apply their knowledge. Even for heart disease, asthma attack, allergic reaction; students answered that they had general information, but less than 2% of them could apply this knowledge in an emergency situation. Conclusions: Sports students are more informed about emergencies in sports compared to non-sports students. They also have more knowledge of medical emergency in sports management. Very few of all students think they're good at managing them. The main sources are school curriculum, first aid course. There is insufficient knowledge about medical emergencies in sports and non-sports students. This situation obliges us to do more extensive study. By collecting data in a more significant number of cases, more reasonable conclusions should be reached to carry out training with teachers, sportsmen, as well as the possibility of opening a new curriculum in study programs.
This study aims to determine the Body Mass Index (BMI) and Physical Activity (PA) level of Physic... more This study aims to determine the Body Mass Index (BMI) and Physical Activity (PA) level of Physical Education (PE) teacher candidates in Palembang during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. A total of 552 participants (M: 307; F: 245) with minimum age of 19 years (21.27±1.66) participated in this study. This study was based on the method and used IPAQ-SF to assess PA and energy expenditure levels based on MET. The data were collected by measuring the height and weight and observing the PA behavior of the participants with an online survey using a Google form. The results of this study show that for BMI, the results showed that 247 (49.64%) were in the underweight category, 239 (43.30%) were in the normal category, 25 (4.53%) were in the overweight category, and 14 (2.54%) were in the obese category. As for the results of physical activity levels, 62 (11.23%) were in the low category, 242 (43.84%) were in the medium category, and 248 (44.93%) were in the high category. The conclusion of this study is that the physical activity level of prospective physical education teachers is in the high category, although it was also found that there were several research subjects who had low physical activity categories. There are several factors that may produce such results. However, additional studies are needed to understand these factors.
Aging is a physiological process that presents an increase in the incidence and prevalence of chr... more Aging is a physiological process that presents an increase in the incidence and prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases, including diabetes. This study is relevant given the increase in life expectancy at a global level. The main objective of this study is to show the benefits of physical activity for the elderly, especially those with diabetes mellitus. The methodology used to carry out the research was based on retrospective studies based on bibliographic research, namely, the investigation of theoretical material on the subject. The main result obtained has shown that the regular practice of physical exercises provides health and prevents the complications of diabetes in the elderly, in addition to providing healthier aging and improving self-esteem, due to the increase in muscle strength, cardiopulmonary reserve, balance, and flexibility, thus contributing to the maintenance of autonomy and independence of this older population. Physical activity also helps in the control of hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia in these individuals who are always associated with diabetes mellitus, thus contributing to the reduction of the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly with this metabolic pathology. Physical activities are also responsible for the social integration of the elderly.
One of the efforts to control the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia is a vaccination program for al... more One of the efforts to control the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia is a vaccination program for all community groups, including pregnant and lactating women. There are responses of acceptance or rejection related to vaccination policies that can affect the COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia. This study aims to identify the COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant and lactating women in Indonesia, as well as identify the determinant factors so that effective strategies can be done to increase the vaccination. This study was an online cross-sectional study conducted in February-March 2022 to identify the vaccination status in pregnant and lactating women and its determinants. Data collection used a snowball sampling technique. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to determine the association between socio-demographic characteristics and perceived psychological distress and vaccination status. The results of this study indicate that the highest coverage of vaccination in pregnant and lactating women was identified in the first dose (95%). Vaccination was significantly higher in pregnant women of age 26-35 years (96.6%), working as private-sector employees (98.6%) or civil servants (96.4%). In lactating women, vaccination was significantly higher in women working as private-sector employees (98%). The COVID-19 vaccination for pregnant and lactating women in Indonesia was already high. However, it still requires a strategy to increase the uptake, especially in booster doses. Socio-demographic and perceived psychological distress were determinant factors influencing the COVID-19 vaccination. The findings can be used to develop education-based strategies sensitive to the diversity of women's sociodemographic characteristics.
Introduction: Although many studies were published during the COVID-19 pandemic's early stages, w... more Introduction: Although many studies were published during the COVID-19 pandemic's early stages, we still do not know much about the severity of COVID-19 in terms of clinical evidence about signs and symptoms and specific clinical characteristics. When exposed, even asymptomatic (OTG) patients have a terrible prognosis. This study aimed to examine the connection between clinical features and COVID-19 poverty during the 2020 pandemic at the Covid-19 referral hospital in Bogor City, Indonesia. Methods: The research is cross-sectional. Data extended from the National Institute of Health Research and Development's ongoing research into comorbidities and COVID-19 prevention behavior in Bogor (NIHRD). The respondents in the study were validated by PCR swabs based on reports from the COVID-19 task force in Bogor. Samples were gathered from 148 suitable respondents for analysis. COVID-19 severity, supportive examination results (blood tests, radiography, and ECG), signs and symptoms, and demographic factors were all assessed. In the statistical study, simple and multivariate logistic regressions were used. Results: We found that 50.0% of respondents experienced severe symptoms as a result of COVID-19 exposure; symptomatic respondents 78.4%, blood group O 56.10%, age group 8-59 years 71.0%; male 56.1%; impaired blood glucose profile 18.3%, impaired erythrocyte sedimentation rate profile 14.9%, impaired leukocyte profile 64.9%, impaired lymphocyte profile 54.8%, impaired platelet profile 16.4%, impaired AST (ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE) profile 16.2%, impaired creatinine profile 9.5%, 67.6% of X-ray with GGO/infiltrates. Several risk factors were associated with the severity of COVID-19, including symptom factors (OR 12.59, p-value 0.002, 95% CI=1.46-55.20). ECG examination factor (OR 8.31, p-value 0.002, 95% CI=3.51-107.88) was also associated with severity. Conclusion: Therefore, to avoid the severity of COVID-19, clinical characteristics must be assessed as soon as feasible.
Universal Journal of Physics and Application, 2023
This paper takes another look at the Pioneer anomaly with the NOW theory of time: Two recent pape... more This paper takes another look at the Pioneer anomaly with the NOW theory of time: Two recent papers by Longo, "The NOW of time and how it impacts physics" and "Theories affected by Time Flow." This new concept of time-flow changes the foundation of the physics of time defined by Newton and has impacted the main evidence for dark matter, which shows that galaxies rotate at a speed consistent with gravitational theory. This work demonstrates that the confused state of the pioneer's anomalous acceleration is also likely due to Newton's definition of time. With the NOW theory of time, the theoretically calculated value of the pioneer anomaly is 7.2 × 10 −10 m/sec 2 within the reported measurement error. When adding to this a few onboard contributions that seem to be the most reasonable, the final value is 8.12 × 10 −10 m/sec 2 compared to the reported observed value of (8 ± 3) × 10 −10 m/sec 2 .
With computer networks and mobile terminals as the main connection links, information technology ... more With computer networks and mobile terminals as the main connection links, information technology has been increasingly incorporated into college English teaching to optimize teaching contents, teaching resources, teaching elements and teaching components into a complete whole and construct an informationized teaching environment so as to improve teaching efficiency. In the context of informationized education, college English teaching and researching need to keep pace with the education development by actively applying information technology into its teaching practices. Based on this cognition, English Teaching of Featured Chinese Culture managed to take full advantage of its blended massive online open course (MOOC), network-based teaching platforms, and intelligent teaching systems to incorporate relevant information technology elements into its teaching process by constructing informationized learning environments to motivate students’ learning interests and desires, renovating ubiquitous learning approaches to optimize students’ learning methods and progress, and implementing multimedia product+ assessments to upgrade students’ learning processes and outcomes. Incorporating information technology into the teaching process of English Teaching of Featured Chinese Culture was expected to meet students’ increasing needs for computer network and mobile terminal-based ubiquitous learning and improve teaching efficiency, hopefully providing feasible references and enlightenments for other college English courses to renovate their information technology-supported teaching endeavors.
There is a common belief among methodologists that students who do oral activities learn the lang... more There is a common belief among methodologists that students who do oral activities learn the language material more quickly than those students who do any other type of learning activities. As teachers of English language, we are asked to boost the communicative aspect of our lessons. Majority of Turkmen students who study at higher educational institutions are reluctant to speak, therefore the speaking course which will enable them to communicate in their target language is of much need. Consequently, this paper under consideration focuses on the syllabus design of that speaking course that will be suitable for the needs of 1st year Turkmen students who study English at higher educational institutions of Turkmenistan. Classroom observation, informal conversation, surveys and interviews were used to gather data in order to identify characteristics of the speaking skill and to suggest some methods for practicing speaking and providing feedback. Data was collected from English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students and teachers who work and study at the Turkmen National Institute of World Languages in order to conduct the research. Following that, the gathered data were analyzed applying qualitative and quantitative methods and using the descriptive approach. The conducted research enabled the author to design a new syllabus based on the needs analysis questionnaire. The research paper under consideration contributes to the Methodology of teaching English language in terms of its relevant findings on improving the speaking skill of Turkmen students and newly-developed syllabus which will ameliorate the efficiency of the English lessons. This paper’s results will be applicable in selecting necessary learning strategies and styles for language speaking course for 1st year students, almost certainly in any higher educational institute with Turkmen sociocultural context.
This study explores the relationship between student teachers' beliefs and practices in early Chi... more This study explores the relationship between student teachers' beliefs and practices in early Chinese literacy instruction. Semi-structured interviews, classroom observation, and document analysis were conducted with six student teachers during their teaching practices. Findings indicated that the student teachers believed explicitly teaching literacy skills and imperceptible acquisition of literacy abilities through communication and meaning-making processes are essential in Chinese early literacy learning. However, they mainly taught Chinese literacy skills in their practices, which means the student teachers still needed to practice what they preached fully. The study suggests that possible reasons for the discrepancies include 'direct teaching' and 'rote learning' might be much easier for student teachers to design and conduct a lesson. Student teachers have limited abilities and experiences in conducting an ideal lesson, and the kindergarten curriculum and onsite supervisors highly influenced their teaching practices. The findings from this study suggested that more operational activities (such as designing lesson plans and conducting micro-teaching) should be used during pre-service training. Furthermore, the communication of educational beliefs between the university supervisor and the onsite supervisor should be strengthened.
Universal Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 2023
As communication errors change in the dynamic properties of the protection relay and control syst... more As communication errors change in the dynamic properties of the protection relay and control system, the preset relay tripping time is no longer applicable. To ensure reliable operations and avoid any problem linked to grid stability, the impact of these errors on the transient characteristics of the power system must be investigated. To investigate the impact, a very simple and effective scheme based on an Ethernet communication network is proposed in this paper. The scheme relies on Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) digital over-current relay which has two added functions, one is for phasor estimation and the other is for detecting the delays in tripping time. First, the IDMT over-current relay is fed by fundamental amplitude from the phasor estimator through an Ethernet-based network. Next, the delay that arises due to the insufficient allocation of bandwidth or noise is detected and measured by the detection function. Finally, to evaluate the impact of the communication errors on tripping time and consequently, on the transient characteristics of the power system, a test system consisting of a plant and two sources is simulated and analyzed using MATLAB software in combination with True-Time software. The results show that impact of these errors is dramatic and cannot be ignored especially when insufficient bandwidth is allocated.
The selection index is the best method to select the best individual to be a parent to the next g... more The selection index is the best method to select the best individual to be a parent to the next generation and is important for the improvement of a trait. It’s a weighted linear function of each trait's selection criteria and breeding values. For estimating the breeding value for a trait heritability, genetic, and phenotypic correlations of the trait are necessary. And the genotypic and phenotypic correlations have great importance in indirect selection. Furthermore, the crossbred produced by the reciprocal crossing of Hilly and Fayoumi (Fay) has not been evaluated elsewhere. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the Hilly, Fay and their reciprocal crossbred chickens under both intensive and semi-intensive production systems and estimate the genetic correlation between age at first egg and egg quality traits from July 2017 to June 2020. The Hilly and Fay chickens were collected and quarantined for 15 days. Then each genotype was transferred into the rearing shed for random mating at a ratio of 1:8 (male: female). Egg production, egg weight, and survivability of the base and reciprocal crossbreds were recorded from the start of laying up to 365 days. Eggs were hatched by an electric incubator, and the hatched chicks were weighed and their fortnightly live weight up to mature age was taken and recorded. The fertility and hatchability of different genotypes were recorded accordingly. Egg quality traits and daily feed intake were observed and recorded. The breeding values and genetic correlations of each trait were estimated using AIREML software following an individual animal model. Results show the mature live weight of Hilly chickens was higher than Fay and other reciprocal crossbreds. In the case of crossbreds, Fay male × Hilly female crossbreds showed less survivability than Hilly male × Fay female crossbreds. Higher-weighed eggs were observed in Hilly than in other chicken genotypes. A significant difference between genotypes and production systems was also observed for the external and internal egg quality traits. The genotypic correlations between age at sexual maturity and egg weight were found positive, however, some traits showed negative correlations. This studied genetic correlation can be used in selection indices for selecting the best individual for the genetic improvement of these traits.
The use of biostimulants from endophytic bacteria enriched with seaweed is still rarely used in s... more The use of biostimulants from endophytic bacteria enriched with seaweed is still rarely used in shallot plants. This study was conducted to determine the effect of reducing NPK chemical fertilizers and adding biostimulants to shallot plants in the highlands. The research was conducted in Lembang, Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute, Indonesia (IVEGRI) from January to July 2021. A two-factor Randomized Complete Block Design used two types of biostimulant formulation (biostimulant A, and biostimulant B), and the chemical fertilizer dose factors (7 levels with 3 replications. The observed parameters included plant height, number of leaves, clump fresh weight and dry weight of bulbs per sample and per hectare, as well as the Relative Agronomic Effectiveness (RAE). The results showed that the application of 75% NPK plus biostimulant at a dose of 3ml/L applied as much as 5X gave the same RAE value as NPK 100%.
Maize hybrid seed production cultivation area often has less pollen available than in regular com... more Maize hybrid seed production cultivation area often has less pollen available than in regular commercial maize because of detasseling to eliminate self-pollination. There are also concerns regarding the increasing intensity of extreme weather following climate change, on top of inherent maize sensitivity to water stress in the flowering period. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between rainfall, reference evapotranspiration (ETo), and maize hybrid seed yield in two locations using simple regression analysis. Four years of historical weather and harvest data of one type of parental maize line were obtained from Talangsuko, Malang Regency, and Sukoreno, Jember Regency. In conclusion, there was a strong linear and negative relationship between rainfall and the yield of hybrid maize seeds in Talangsuko (R 2 =0.60), while in Sukoreno, the relationship was in the form of a quadratic curve (R 2 =0.61). In Talangsuko, there was a strong relationship between rainfall in the flowering period and maize yields (R 2 =0.60), meanwhile, in Sukoreno, only a few samples experienced rain during the flowering period and consecutive rain so the relationship with maize yields could not be concluded (R 2 =0.09 and 0.18). There was no relationship between ETo FAO-56 PM and hybrid maize seed yield (R 2 =0.04 and 0.06).
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a plant that really needs water to support its growth. In addition... more Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a plant that really needs water to support its growth. In addition, in order to get the maximum growth, lettuce requires irradiation for 14-16 hours daily. Sufficient irradiation can help lettuce to support the process of photosynthesis and plant growth. Engineering that can be done to optimize plant growth includes the use of hydroponic systems and the addition of artificial light (LED). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the difference in the color of LED lamp light and the duration of irradiation on the growth and production results of the lettuce. The method used in this study was a 2-factorial Group Randomized Design, namely the color of the LED lights (red 100%, blue 100%, white 100% and a combination (red 75%, blue 10% and white 15%)) and the duration of irradiation (3 hours and 12 hours) then continued with the LSD (Least Significance Different) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) tests at a confidence level of 5%. The results showed that the lamp addition treatment using red color and the duration of additional irradiation for 3 hours had the best results.
Mapping of the agrolandscape survey site within the boundaries of Frolovsky district of the Volgo... more Mapping of the agrolandscape survey site within the boundaries of Frolovsky district of the Volgograd region is aimed at determining its geomorphometric characteristics, specifying the area and boundaries, as well as assessing environmental stability and integrity. The agrolandscape studied is agricultural with an area of plowing more than 70%, and the share of forest strips is minimal, accounting for 1,8%. A quarter of the agrolandscape is covered by the slopes and the beams which amount to 25%. Based on the digital relief model, the geographic coordinates of the analyzed polygon were obtained, and the maximum and minimal elevations and exposure of slopes were determined. The boundaries of 20 arable land plots with a total area of 2070,88 hectares were specified. The main types of the slopes are highlighted: flat surfaces (steepness up to 1°)-30,0%; very gentle (steepness 1-2°)-55,0%; gentle (steepness 2-3°)-15.0%. The stability of the agrolandscape was assessed by a number of indicators. Low degree of protection by forest plantations (K field-protective forestation = 2,5), high degree of area ploughing (K index of ploughing = 72,8), lack of species diversity of agroecosystem (J p = 3,9), increased roughness and articulation by beams and ravines (K articulation = 0,38) indicate that this agrolandscape is ecologically unstable (K ecological stability = 0,14). All these factors result in decreasing the ability of the agrolandscape to reproduce, to self-preserve and to restore the potential of soil productivity. The novelty of the research lies in the creation of a local geoinformation system of regional agro-landscape complexes and the identification of priority areas for agricultural production.
The fair policy of staple food provision is a necessity to sustain food supply for people. Howeve... more The fair policy of staple food provision is a necessity to sustain food supply for people. However, this policy in Indonesia is still borne to the individual farmers' land. Based on the Law Number 41/2009, The Regional Government in determining the regional spatial planning has to allocate land for food agriculture that is prohibited from being converted, which is called a sustainable food agriculture area (SFAA), although the land belongs to individual farmers. This planning, unfortunately, does not go well. The experience of four districts on the north coast (Pantura) of West Java, Indonesia shows that the SFAA has not yet been formed. Therefore, this study aims to reformulate this policy model, which is easily applicable in Indonesia as well as in other developing countries which have similar socioeconomic conditions to Indonesia. For this purpose, this research explores the secondary data about the planning of SFAA formation in four regions of Pantura, West Java; identifies the farmers' response to this planning; and performs an in-depth discussion to determine an appropriate policy model. Based on one hundred samples determined by Slovin Formula with 10 percent of error probability, taken by stratified random sampling technique in Indramayu Regency, Pantura of West Java, and by adopting chi-square test, the highly educated land owners tend to reject the SFAA planning; and the alternative SFAA model is strongly valuable, which is not the burden of the individual land owners. This study was conducted within the period from October to December 2022. In conclusion, the SFAA formation should optimize state-owned land with the concept of integrated farming and optimizing partnership patterns with the farmers, while the formation of SFAA on individual farmer-owned land is optional depending on the wishes and willingness of farmers.
To increase chicken meat production, farmers add antibiotics oxytetracycline to prevent secondary... more To increase chicken meat production, farmers add antibiotics oxytetracycline to prevent secondary infectious diseases due to viruses and feed additives and prevent bacterial diseases. This study aims to find an overview of the oxytetracycline antibiotic residues in broiler chicken meat sold in traditional markets and modern markets in Semarang City, Indonesia. The study is descriptive research, a survey method with a cross-sectional approach. The samples were broiler chicken meat with a total of 47 samples, consisting of 33 from traditional and 14 from modern markets. Sample examination was carried out by the Bioassay method to determine the oxytetracycline residue in the sample and with the HPLC method to determine its content. The results showed as many as three samples of broiler chicken meat containing oxytetracycline which is 0.1 ppm residue out of 47 samples. The three samples were from traditional markets in Semarang City, with the content of each residue namely 0.869 (Johar Market), 0.271 (Sampangan Market), and 0.366 (Damar Market). Meanwhile, the samples from the modern market did not contain oxytetracycline residue. Therefore, relevant agencies should regularly monitor antibiotic residues in Animal Source Foods, especially broiler chicken meat, both in traditional and modern markets.
Due to the time consuming of conventional method in plant-based total protein determination in so... more Due to the time consuming of conventional method in plant-based total protein determination in soybeans, this research aims to find an alternative shorter time technique using fluorescent technique. The first experiment was finding optimum conditions of sodium hydroxide concentration and time on protein extraction in extraction process. In the second experiment, the solution from the best conditions of the first experiment will be added by Coomassie brilliant blue G-250. The complete reaction time will be recorded. In the last step of this study, the fluorescent will be applied to find the responded wavelength of protein-dye-complex. Then, the prediction of overall protein content will be summarized. The results of the studies revealed that optimum of sodium hydroxide concentration was 0.8 % and extraction time was 120 min. In terms of the reaction time of amino with Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 was used completely for 5 min. A modification of the Bradford method revealed a proteindye-complex at a wavelength of 702.95 nm. The total protein content (y) prediction equation was y = 9.4325x-1.6175, where x value represented the degree of fluorescence intensity. The analysis period of total protein determination using fluorescent technique was 3.5 hours.
Black powdered colorant from carbonized merang can be used as a ready-to-use colorant in making t... more Black powdered colorant from carbonized merang can be used as a ready-to-use colorant in making traditional product ireng-ireng. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of various black powdered colorant concentrations as well as to obtain the optimum concentration of the colorant on the physical properties of ireng-ireng product, such as lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*) and texture profile (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness) The research used one factor completely randomized design (CRD). The factor used was colorant concentration (1%, 3%, 5%, 7% (w/v)). Each treatment level was repeated three times to obtain 12 experimental units. The data were analyzed using ANOVA with a 95% confidence interval and continued by Tukey's HSD test of 5%. Ireng-ireng from the optimum concentration (addition of 7% colorant) based on Multiple Attribute Zeleny had lightness (L*) 23.02 ± 0.61, redness (a*)-0.97 ± 0.06, yellowness (b*) 5.05 ± 0.18, hardness 43.6 ± 7.19, cohesiveness 0.85 ± 0.07, springiness 8.9 ± 0.31, gumminess 36.70 ± 3.96, and chewiness 327.86 ± 40.97.
Weather extremes caused by climatic change considerably affect crops growth. Extreme temperature ... more Weather extremes caused by climatic change considerably affect crops growth. Extreme temperature change and low water availability represent undesirable conditions for the growth of amaranth. This study aims to develop a greenhouse equipped with an automatic control system for water, humidity, and temperature control of Amaranth Blitum. Temperature, humidity, and soil moisture were monitored and maintained within a specific range. A microcontroller was used to activate a solenoid for irrigation-based sensor feedback, an exhaust fan, a cooling fan, and a heater to regulate humidity, and temperature respectively. The study was done in the month of July and December 2022. Efficient temperature and humidity control were demonstrated. The increase in plant height and diameter was higher for higher moisture content, a temperature within the 21-35°C range, and humidity within 45-95%. This work demonstrated the utility of sensor-based approach for monitoring and controlling of growth of Amaranth under greenhouse cultivation by applying a rule-based algorithm. The results of this research could be implemented to reduce plant damage while increasing yield productivity.
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Papers by George Taylor