Esteban Ciarlo

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Papers by Esteban Ciarlo

Review of: "The impact of land use practice on the spatial variability of soil physicochemical Properties at Wondo Genet, Southern Ethiopia

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Agricultura y emisiones de N2O: experiencias en Molisoles pampeanos Argentinos

Variabilidad espacial de propiedades del suelo: efecto del uso y tipo

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2020

Emisiones de óxido nitroso: Efecto de la interacción fertilización inoculación en cultivo de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)

Corn-Soybean Intercropping: Temporal and Spatial Variation of Soil Properties

The dynamics of nutrient availability and other soil properties can be strongly altered by agricu... more The dynamics of nutrient availability and other soil properties can be strongly altered by agricultural practices like intercropping. A test was made on an agricultural soil with the following treatments: i) sole cropped soybean, II) sole cropped maize and III) intercropped corn-soybean in a 1:2 ratio. Surface soil samplings were made in two moments: the first one (F1) was made with corn at V5 and soybean just emerged; the second one (F2) with corn crop at R1 and soybean crop at V7-R1, both at two distances of the furrows: 5 and 19 cm. Oxidizable C contents were always maximum at the treatments including corn cropping. At both dates, extractable P was maximum at sole corn and minimum at sole soybean crop, which can be attributed to a strong uptake by the leguminous plant. In the first measurement date, at 5 cm of the corresponding furrow, nitrate availability was significantly greater at the soybean treatments with respect to treatments including corn, whereas in the second date, nitrate availability was minimum at sole soybean, which seems to be due to differences in crops development. Finally, the practice of intercropping, within the frame of this test, did not prove to be a viable alternative to limit the existence of high nitrate levels.

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A Study on the Effec t of Soil Amendments and Environmental Conditions of Stevia rebaudiana in Urban Soils of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Current Agriculture Research Journal, Mar 31, 2015

The leaves of wild Stevia plants contain several different natural glycoside compounds responsibl... more The leaves of wild Stevia plants contain several different natural glycoside compounds responsible for producing the sweet taste sensation. It is used as a sweetener, and has some important properties as regulation of sugar level in blood, and other medical issues. The objective of this work is to study the effects of different soil amendments and the location of the culture, inside or outside a greenhouse, on Stevia rebaudiana growth and final dry weight, at an urban soil. A complete randomized design with 4 replications was used. The effect of two factors on Stevia growth were evaluated: the application with organic amendments and the location, at field and at greenhouse conditions. Amendments treatments were control, liquid vermicompost, compost and vermicompost. The height and diameter of Stevia plants were measured at T2 (vegetative state) and T3 (flowering,) and final plant dry weight was also weighed at T3. Inside the greenhouse Stevia plants had a higher development, measured by height and diameter growth and by final dry weight accumulation, due to higher temperatures and drip irrigation. Solid amendments, compost and vermicompost, presented higher values of the measured parameters, height, diameter and dry matter, with statistically significant differences from the control and liquid vermicompost; values of these latter treatments did not differ statistically from each other. Differences in diameter growth were more closely related to final dry weight than height growth, which suggests that diameter is a suitable variable to use as an early indicator of growth conditions. In this trial Stevia adapted to existing conditions of the urban soil, slightly acid, non saline and well supplied in organic matter, and completed its cycle properly, with good potential as an organic grown crop.

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Emisiones de óxido nitroso en un cultivo de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]: efecto de la inoculación y de la fertilización nitrógenada

Ciencia del suelo, Dec 1, 2005

Nitrous oxide gas absorbs infrared radiation contributing to the greenhouse effect. This gas is p... more Nitrous oxide gas absorbs infrared radiation contributing to the greenhouse effect. This gas is produced mainly in soil, by means of the processes of nitrification and denitrification. In a field study in Buenos Aires, on a Typic Argiudol, we evaluated the effect of fertilization and inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum during a soybean culture [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], on nitrous oxide emisions. Gases were sampled with PVC cylinders and measured by gaseous chromatography. Emissions presented increasing values from seeding towards physiological maturity for all treatments. This evolution correlated well with soil nitrates and moisture. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased (P<0.05) nitrous oxide emissions and inoculation only had a significant effect with the highest level of fertilization (P=0.09). Plots fertilized at the highest dose and inoculated gave the greatest nitrous oxide emissions. The variable that better explains the emissions was the nitrate level (r 2 = 0.1899; P=0.0231).

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Anthropogenic Effect on Soil Organic Phosphorus Fractions in Tropical Ecosystems

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, Jun 30, 2001

Total organic phosphorus (P), labile organic P, and total carbon were determined in composite sur... more Total organic phosphorus (P), labile organic P, and total carbon were determined in composite surface soil samples, with three replicates, in a Kandihumult from Misiones province, Argentina. The analysis was performed on Ͻ0.1 mm, 2-0.5 mm, and Ͼ8 mm aggregate fractions obtained by dry sieving. Representative situations were selected to evaluate changes in P dynamics by soil use: a native subtropical forest, a degraded agroecosystem with a 50-year yerba mate plantation (Ilex paraguariensis Saint Hill.), and a similar plantation with a 6-year associated elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach). Native pristine soil from the forest

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Stevia, kaa hee, wild sweet herb from South America - An overview

Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2013

The use of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, perennial indigenous native plant from the tropical region ... more The use of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, perennial indigenous native plant from the tropical region of South America is presented, with a brief outlook on the history and uses of the wild plant by Guarani Indians, the crop domestication, and the authorization of its use as a natural sweetener in food and beverages. Other aspects considered are natural glycosides and physicochemical properties for food processing, nutritional information, medicinal properties, Stevia market and household uses. The future of this plant is promising but more research is needed to ensure use of leaves and steviosides, and also to study cultivation practices in various regions of the world.

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Nitrous oxide emissions from soil during soybean [(Glycine max (L.) Merrill] crop phenological stages and stubbles decomposition period

Biology and Fertility of Soils, Oct 6, 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, during the phenological stages of inoculated soybean c... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate, during the phenological stages of inoculated soybean crop [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], the effect of different N fertilization levels and inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum on N 2 O emissions from the soil. Gas emissions were evaluated at field conditions by the static-chamber method. Nitrogen fertilization increased N 2 O emissions significantly (P< 0.05). The variable that best explained cumulative N 2 O emissions during the whole soybean growing season was the soil nitrate level (r 2 =0.1899; P=0.0231). Soil moisture presented a greater control on N 2 O emissions between the grain-filling period and the crop commercial maturity (r 2 = 0.5361; P < 0.0001), which coincided with a positive balance of the available soil N, as a consequence of the decrease in crop requirements and root and nodular decomposition. Only soil soluble carbon (r 2 =0.29; P= 0.019) and moisture (r 2 =0.24; P=0.039) were correlated with N 2 O emissions during the residue decomposition period. The relationship between soil variables and N 2 O emissions depended on crop phenological or stubbles decomposition stages.

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Soil N2O emissions and N2O/(N2O+N2) ratio as affected by different fertilization practices and soil moisture

Biology and Fertility of Soils, Jun 10, 2008

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the chemical nature and application freq... more The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the chemical nature and application frequency of N fertilizers at different moisture contents on soil N 2 O emissions and N 2 O/(N 2 O+N 2) ratio. The research was based on five fertilization treatments: unfertilized control, a single application of 80 kg ha −1 N-urea, five split applications of 16 kg ha −1 N-urea, a single application of 80 kg ha −1 N-KNO 3 , five split applications of 16 kg ha −1 N-KNO 3. Cumulative N 2 O emissions for 22 days were unaffected by fertilization treatments at 32% water-filled pore space (WFPS). At 100% and 120% WFPS, cumulative N 2 O emissions were highest from soil fertilized with KNO 3. The split application of N fertilizers decreased N 2 O emissions compared to a single initial application only when KNO 3 was applied to a saturated soil, at 100% WFPS. Emissions of N 2 O were very low after the application of urea, similar to those found at unfertilized soil. Average N 2 O/(N 2 O+N 2) ratio values were significantly affected by moisture levels (p=0.015), being the lowest at 120% WFPS. The N 2 O/(N 2 O+N 2) ratio averaged 0.2 in unfertilized soil and 0.5 in fertilized soil, although these differences were not statistically significant.

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The effect of moisture on nitrous oxide emissions from soil and the N2O/(N2O+N2) ratio under laboratory conditions

Biology and Fertility of Soils, Nov 7, 2006

Soybean Residue Effect on Carbon Fractions and Gaseous Nitrogen Losses at Contrasting Moisture Contents

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, Sep 28, 2009

Most published studies related to crop effects on denitrification are not continuous and are base... more Most published studies related to crop effects on denitrification are not continuous and are based on the growing period. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different amounts of soybean stubble, under different soil moisture contents, on gaseous nitrogen (N) losses by denitrification from an agricultural soil. The following soil moisture treatments were reached by adding distilled water to soil cores of a typic Hapludoll: 50 and 100% of water-filled porosity space (WFPS). Residue treatments included no application of residues, amendment with 2600 kg ha 21 of soybean residues, and amendment with 5200 kg ha 21 of soybean residues. Cumulative nitrous oxide + dinitrogen (N 2 O + N 2) emissions displayed great variability, ranging between 0 and 581.91 mg N kg 21 , which represented 0 to 3.93% of the N residue applied. Under 50% WFPS moisture conditions, statistical differences in cumulative N 2 O + N 2 emissions between residue treatments were not detected (p 5 0.21), whereas at saturation conditions, cumulative N 2 O + N 2 emissions decreased with the application of increasing amounts of soybean residues (p 5 0.017). Daily and cumulative N 2 O + N 2 emissions significantly increased as soil moisture increased, except at soils amended with 5200 kg ha 21 of soybean residues; this lack of statistical difference was probably due to the immobilization of native mineral N. Under 50% WFPS soil moisture contents, aeration seemed to be the main factor controlling redox conditions, limiting the denitrification process, and preventing differences in N emissions between residue treatments. The application of soybean residues to

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Variabilidad espacial de propiedades del suelo: Efecto del uso y tipo

Ciencia del suelo, Dec 1, 2020

Stock de carbono orgánico en suelos de diferentes textura y uso en el sudeste de Entre Ríos

27o. Congreso Argentino de la Ciencia del Suelo. "Suelos: Desafíos para una producción y desarrollo sustentables" Corrientes, Prov. de Corrientes, Argentina 13 al 16 de octubre de 2020. p. 1352-1357, Oct 13, 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto las propiedades edáficas y el uso del suelo sob... more El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto las propiedades edáficas y el uso del suelo sobre el stock de carbono orgánico del suelo (SCO 0-100 cm) en el sudeste de Entre Ríos. El estudio se realizó en la estancia El Potrero, Gualeguaychú, Entre Ríos en suelos con un amplio rango textural, con plantaciones de Eucalyptus grandis de 2-4 años y de 8-10 años. A su vez, se seleccionaron sitios de textura fina con uso agrícola y con monte nativo. El SCO fue mayor en suelos de textura fina con excepción de la situación de monte donde se registraron valores de pH superiores a 8, que deprimieron el SCO. El contenido de arcilla del estrato superficial explicó el 73% de la variabilidad del SCO, incrementándose el ajuste a R 2 = 85% al incluir el pH. Para los rangos de edades estudiadas no se hallaron diferencias significativas (p>0,05) en la cantidad de SCO almacenado en las forestaciones de E. grandis, con similar textura. En suelos de textura fina, con uso forestal el SCO fue similar al de aquellos con uso agrícola. Bajo las condiciones de estudio el uso del suelo no sería un factor que afecte el SCO.

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Intersiembra maíz - soja : variación espacial y temporal de propiedades del suelo

p.43-52La dinámica de los nutrientes y otras propiedades del suelo pueden ser alteradas fuertemen... more p.43-52La dinámica de los nutrientes y otras propiedades del suelo pueden ser alteradas fuertemente por prácticas agrícolas como la intersiembra. Se propusieron los siguientes objetivos: I) comparar sistemas de intersiembra soja-maíz con respecto a los monocultivos en cuanto a la cantidad de carbono del suelo, II) evaluar la disponibilidad de los principales nutrientes en estos sistemas. Se realizó un ensayo en un suelo Hapludol típico de la Pampa Arenosa con los siguientes tratamientos: I) soja pura, II) maíz puro y III) soja y maíz intersembrados en una relación 2:1, todos manejados en secano. Se realizaron muestreos de suelo en dos momentos: el primero (F1) se realizó con el maíz en V5 y la soja recién emergida; el segundo (F2) con el cultivo de maíz en R1 y el cultivo de soja en bajo los tratamientos que incluían al cultivo de maíz. El nivel de P extractable fue menor en el cultivo de soja avanzado (F2) que en el monocultivo de maíz, lo que fue notable a 5 cm del surco, debido p...

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Agricultura y emisiones de N2O: experiencias en Molisoles pampeanos Argentinos

Emisiones de gases con efecto invernadero en ecosistemas iberoamericanos, 2009

Nitrous oxide emission during a soybean [Glycine max (l.) Merrill] culture: inoculation and nitrogen fertilization effects

El óxido nitroso absorbe radiación infrarroja contribuyendo al efecto invernadero; este gas es pr... more El óxido nitroso absorbe radiación infrarroja contribuyendo al efecto invernadero; este gas es producido principalmente en el suelo, mediante los procesos de nitrificación y denitrificación. En un estudio a campo, sobre un suelo Argiudol típico, se evaluó el efecto de la fertilización y la inoculación con Bradyrhizobium japonicum en un cultivo de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], sobre las emisiones de óxido nitroso. Los gases se extrajeron de cilindros de PVC y la lectura se realizó con cromatografía gaseosa. Las emisiones presentaron valores crecientes desde la siembra hacia madurez fisiológica del cultivo, para todos los tratamientos; este comportamiento fue concomitante con la evolución presentada por la humedad edáfica. La fertilización nitrogenada aumentó significativamente (P<0,05) las emisiones y la variable inoculación solo presentó efectos con el mayor nivel de fertilización (P=0,09). Los valores más elevados se observaron en los tratamientos fertilizados con mayor dosis...

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Distribución y estratificación del carbono orgánico en suelos del sudeste de Entre Ríos con diferentes usos y texturas

Dinámica del carbono lábil del suelo en sistemas forestales de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden en la Mesopotamia Argentina

Bosque (Valdivia), 2021

The amount and quality of carbon from forest litter present in the soil will depend on several fa... more The amount and quality of carbon from forest litter present in the soil will depend on several factors, including species composition, management practices, plantation age, climatic conditions and soil texture, among several other factors. The aims of this research were to: i) quantify the labile organic carbon content in soils with Eucalyptus grandis plantations of the Mesopotamian region in Argentina and evaluate its relationship with the amount and type of litter; and ii) identify management, edaphic and environmental factors that may influence its variation. The study was performed on young and middle age plantations having soils with sandy and clayey texture located in the Gualeguaychú district, Entre Ríos, Argentina. To quantify the labile carbon in the soil, the soluble organic carbon was extracted with a 0.5M potassium sulfate solution. Soluble organic carbon concentration did not differ according to the age of the stands, with average values of 45.6 mg kg -1 in clay soils, and of 32.8 mg kg -1 in sandy soils, showing a positive association with clay content. The highest soluble organic carbon values were recorded during the summer months, and were positively related to the increases in the water-saturated pore space and the soil biological activity. We also verified a linear and positive relationship between the amount of initial fine litter and the increase of soluble organic carbon in the soil (R 2 = 0.41). The reported results provide explicit ranges of variability for total organic carbon, soluble organic carbon and carbon fluxes at local level; thereby contributing to further characterize carbon modeling in forest systems.

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Esteban Ciarlo

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