Papers by Edlic Sathiamurthy
Compositions and sources of sedimentary organic carbon on the tropical epicontinental sea
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Goldschmidt2022 abstracts, 2022
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, Sep 30, 2022
Changing in climatic pattern is one of the core universal environmental challenges facing all sec... more Changing in climatic pattern is one of the core universal environmental challenges facing all sectors. The challenge of irrigation water scarcity has been intensified with agricultural expansion, increasing population, and climate change. A decline in water supply and availability due to climate change and decrease in precipitation rate accompany with increase in temperature presents significant and unique challenges to agricultural sector in Jordan. Water resources in southern part of the Dead Sea (DS) area are limited and are almost confined to side stream wadi base and flood flows. This study is significant, particularly in irrigation water management, in several ways. It is investigating the water users' perceptions regarding irrigation water management, in DS region. Moreover, it is investigating the current water status and the water management options under climate change in semi-arid region. The study aims to explore the farmer's perception, in irrigation water management. To investigate the current irrigation water status in the study area. Also, the possible mean from farmers perspective to adapt to climate change and variability in semi-arid region-southern part of DS area-Jordan. Hence, there is yet study to investigate the irrigation water management practice and strategies under climate variability and change in southern part of DS area, from farmer's perspectives. A quantitative research design method was used. Moreover, the questionnaire was developed mainly based on the literature review. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (SPSS). The results show that the educational level of the respondents has a significant effect on the irrigation water management under climate change. Moreover, there is a water shortage, quality, quantity problems. Additionally, there is distrusting relationship between the water users and the organizations controlling the water sectors. This study recommended that an effort should be launched to maintain and enhance the education system in the study area. This study will help the decision makers to develop and modify the legislation regarding irrigation water in the study area.
Mapping Late Pleistocene-Holocene Paleo Pahang River (Updated)
Geological Society of Malaysia (GSM), 2017
Abstract: Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to Present Day Sea Level Change for Sunda Land Based on Geological Research, Tide Gauges and Satellite Data
Geological Society of Malaysia (GSM), 2017
Institutional Policies and their Implications on Land Use Change and the Environment
The International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability: Annual Review, 2008
Sea-level and provenance controlled clay mineral assemblage since the last 19 ka in the southern South China Sea: records of Core MD05-2894 off the Sunda Shelf
High-resolution clay mineral assemblage at Core MD05-2894 (7°2.25'N, 111°33.11'E, water d... more High-resolution clay mineral assemblage at Core MD05-2894 (7°2.25'N, 111°33.11'E, water depth 1982 m) in the southern South China Sea is used to investigate the provenance and transport process of fine-grained sediments since the last 19 ka. In order to perform the source analysis, clay minerals in surface sediments of various potential source areas are also analyzed, including the Mekong River, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Sunda Shelf. Clay mineralogical results at Core MD05-2894 indicate the sea level rise as the principal factor to drive provenance changes. During the late glacial stage, the Sunda Shelf was exposed. High values of smectite (average 32%) and kaolinite (27%) at the core suggest a large contribution of fine-grained sediments transported by the potential Sunda paleo-drainage system from Malaysia Peninsula and Sumatra, where kaolinite and smectite are rich. During the deglaciation when the sea level rises, illite and chlorite contents increased wi...
Science China Earth Sciences, 2011
Weathering products of silicate rocks are particularly useful for evaluating the continental chem... more Weathering products of silicate rocks are particularly useful for evaluating the continental chemical weathering on the Earth's surface and its mechanism. Clay mineralogy and major-element geochemistry of surface sediment samples collected in major rivers of Malay Peninsula and North Borneo in the tropical Southeast Asian region are used to study the present chemical weathering process and its controlling factors of tropical regions. The results indicate that the clay mineral assemblage in Malay Peninsula consists dominantly of kaolinite (average 80%) and minor illite (average 17%), almost without chlorite and smectite, whereas in North Borneo it consists mainly of illite and chlorite, with minor amounts of kaolinite (average 14%) and no smectite. Total contents of illite and chlorite in both Northwest and Northeast Borneo are 84% and 87%, respectively. Major-element geochemical results of both bulk and clay-fraction sediments show intensive chemical weathering degree for both areas. Relatively, the chemical weathering degree is gradually strengthened from Northeast Borneo, Northwest Borneo, to Malay Peninsula, and it is extremely intensive in Malay Peninsula. Our results indicate that, in the tropical Southeast Asian region exampled by Malay Peninsula and Borneo, climatic condition of tropical warm temperature and East Asian monsoon rainfall is the first-order controlling factor on the chemical weathering, resulting in intensive chemical weathering throughout tropical areas, and tectonic activity and lithology of parent rocks are subordinate factors, which still have an important impact on the weathering products, forming completely different clay mineral assemblages between Malay Peninsula and Borneo.
Preliminary analysis of palaeochannels and associated depositional system of bay of Terengganu (West Malaysia)
This study describes the morphology and infilling of palaeochannels related to the Holocene trans... more This study describes the morphology and infilling of palaeochannels related to the Holocene transgression utilizing very high-resolution seismic data. The study area is located about 10 km offshore the present day Terengganu River basin, Peninsular Malaysia (water depth approximately 25-60 m below the present MSL). The presence of large to narrow palaeochannels have cut 20 m deep into the older strata (regression intervals of the past three sea-level cycles, i.e. 300 ka) and are very well illustrated. Most of the channel fill corresponded to the transgressive to early high-stand depositional system tracts. The main deposits were aggrading offshore muddy sands capped and cut by tidal channels belts. Both being overlain by modern sand and mud depending on modern hydrodynamic factors and affected by strong current and storm during the monsoon period. The most prominent boundaries within the channel are the tidal ravinement surface (TRS) at the base of the channel belts and the wave rav...
is undergoing substantial urbanization at present. This valley is drained by two main channels, R... more is undergoing substantial urbanization at present. This valley is drained by two main channels, Rambai River and Canal 4. The paddy fields of the upper section of Rambai River and Canal 4 (Permatang Rotan) are flood storage areas. They attenuate part of the peak flows that enter the flood prone central region of this valley which is extensively urbanized. This paper through statistical analyses examines the change in potential peak stages resulting from the present and future conversion of upper Rambai River paddy land to urban surfaces. The changes in potential peak stages are simulated using XP-Storm with the purpose of studying the impact of the loss of these storage areas on the downstream floodplain. Channel roughness and surface runoff flow time data were used for model calibration. Simulation results indicated that extensive loss of the paddy fields could lead to higher flood peaks to the immediate downstream sections, i.e. between 9% to 22% for 50% and 100% losses of storage area. The results also indicated that for the same percentage of storage area losses, flood peak stage increases 2.5 to 3.25 times higher for stream point located immediately downstream of the target area (i.e. 500 m away) compared to further downstream points (i.e. 3 to 6 km away) that showed no significant changes. As a whole, the results implied that the increase and propagation of peak stages downstream is not proportional (rational) to the percentage of urbanization and loss of storage areas. The impact of urbanization on peak stage is declines with increasing distance from the target areas.
Sandbar-regulated hydrodynamic influences on river hydrochemistry at Mengabang Telipot River, Peninsular Malaysia
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2012
Influences of river hydrodynamic behaviours on hydrochemistry (salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen sat... more Influences of river hydrodynamic behaviours on hydrochemistry (salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen saturations and dissolved phosphorus) were evaluated through high spatial and temporal resolution study of a sandbar-regulated coastal river. River hydrodynamic during sandbar-closed event was characterized by minor dependency on tidal fluctuations, very gradual increase of water level and continual low flow velocity. These hydrodynamic behaviours established a hydrochemistry equilibrium, in which water properties generally were characterized by virtual absence of horizontal gradients while vertical stratifications were significant. In addition, the river was in high trophic status as algae blooms were visible. Conversely, river hydrodynamic in sandbar-opened event was tidal-controlled and showed higher flow velocity. Horizontal gradients of water properties became significant while vertically more homogenised and with lower trophic status. In essence, this study reveals that estuarine sandbar directly regulates river hydrodynamic behaviours which in turn influences river hydrochemistry.
Chemical Geology, 2012
Clay mineralogy and major-element geochemistry were investigated on 58 surface sediment samples c... more Clay mineralogy and major-element geochemistry were investigated on 58 surface sediment samples collected in 27 rivers draining Malay Peninsula, Borneo, and Sumatra to assess the chemical weathering process and its controlling factors in tropical Southeast Asia. The clay mineral assemblages show high kaolinite contents in Malay Peninsula (average 80%), Sumatra (58-78%), and South Borneo (41-55%), high illite contents in North Borneo (47-77%), and moderate smectite contents in Sumatra (6-29%). Intensive chemical weathering is identified in all three investigated regions from both clay mineralogical and geochemical (bulk and clayfraction) results regardless of their various lithological and tectonic settings. Relatively, the chemical weathering intensity increases gradually from North Borneo to South Borneo, and further to Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. Our results suggest that the East Asian-Australian monsoon climatic condition with constant warm temperature and abundant precipitation throughout the year is the principal forcing factor on the chemical weathering, and the tectonic activity including mountain uplift, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions and their specific lithological characters is only a subordinate factor on the intensity of chemical weathering in tropical Southeast Asia.
Rambai Valley is a partially urbanized and flood prone coastal plain located in the State of Pena... more Rambai Valley is a partially urbanized and flood prone coastal plain located in the State of Penang. The valley is drained by Rambai River and its tributaries. Rambai River water level flux is subjected to daily tidal oscillation as the river is connected to the sea through the Juru River. During heavy rainfall events, the interactions between tidal intrusion and peak-flows in this coastal floodplain caused floods to occur. Tidal intrusion prevents effective outflows resulting in the accumulation of water that results in severe flooding. As a result, several flood management measures have been taken to mitigate floods. One of the most significant structural measures undertaken was the modification of the Rambai River outlet. This outlet, originally a small culvert was replaced with a large open channel in early 2003. The effectiveness of the new open channel in flood mitigation is examined and evaluated. The results of this research found that the new open channel may not be an effective flood mitigation measure and it may even aggravate future floods. ABSTRAK Lembah Rambai ialah sebuah dataran pinggir pantai separa terbandar yang sering dilanda banjir. Lembah ini disaliri oleh Sungai Rambai dan cawangancawangannya. Fluk aras air Sungai Rambai ditentukan oleh osilasi pasang surut harian kerana sungai ini dihubungkan dengan laut oleh Sungai Juru. Semasa hujan lebat, interaksi antara kemasukan air pasang dan aliran puncak di dataran pinggir pantai ini menyebabkan banjir. Kemasukan air pasang menghalang pengaliran keluar air secara berkesan menyebabkan pengumpulan air dan seterusnya banjir besar. Hasilnya, beberapa langkah pengurusan banjir telah diambil untuk mengurangkan banjir. Satu daripada langkah tebatan struktur yang telah dilakukan adalah modifikasi terhadap laluan keluar Sungai Rambai. Laluan keluar ini yang asalnya adalah sebuah kalvert telah diganti dengan sebuah bukaan laluan yang besar dalam tahun 2003. Keberkesanan bukaan laluan baru ini dalam mitigasi banjir telah diperiksa dan dinilai. Hasil kajian ini mendapati bahawa bukaan laluan baru itu bukanlah satu langkah
Flow velocities through an estuarine sandbar under closed estuary condition for a temporary open/... more Flow velocities through an estuarine sandbar under closed estuary condition for a temporary open/close estuary system (TOCE) corresponding to relation between river, groundwater and tidal levels were studied. Multivariate regression analysis was used to construct a model for estimating flow velocities. Validated model result shows a very good prediction for flow velocities in the sandbar (R 2 = 0.9999). This simple approach could describe the effect of the transition phase (flow through a closed estuary) on channel flow and backwater behaviour in relation to tidal forcing into a sandbar. It implies a broader usefulness in channel flow routing in coastal areas with TOCE system for flood modelling and management purpose.
Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 2018
A study of groundwater processes in a sandbar-regulated estuary has been conducted at Mengabang T... more A study of groundwater processes in a sandbar-regulated estuary has been conducted at Mengabang Telipot, located in Terengganu State, Peninsular Malaysia. Beach groundwater level, salinity and dissolved phosphate (PO4 3-) were investigated at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Establishment of distinctive hydrodynamic characteristics in the beach groundwater system were observed as the mouth of the estuary varied between an open sea connection and closure resulting from sandbar development. Sandbar and tidal dynamics regulate the interactions between beach groundwater, estuary and sea. When the estuary was closed, intertidal activities had minor effects on groundwater level. The groundwater level increased through time due to rainfall infiltration and seepage from barrier bar and inland sand ridges. When the sandbar opened, the beach groundwater level was tidally-controlled and the interactions between groundwater, estuary and sea were dependent on the tidal-induced hydraulic gr...
Sea level rise could alter the boundary conditions of tidal rivers. This in turn would modify the... more Sea level rise could alter the boundary conditions of tidal rivers. This in turn would modify the hydrodynamic behaviour of coastal rivers and consequently their backwater rise. This paper presents the effect of modified boundary conditions on river peak stage and flow resulting from probable levels of sea level rise on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The study site is a tidal affected river in Penang, i.e. Rambai River (main tributary of Juru River). Channel flows under different probable sea level rise projections compared to 1999 mean sea level are routed along Rambai River using complete one dimensional Saint Venant equations. Catchment inflows into the river are computed using an enhanced Rational Method, i.e. transformed Rational Method developed by the author. The effect of sea level rise on peak stage and flow for a set of scenarios that combined different outlet boundary conditions affected by sea level rise and urbanization extent is compared. On the whole, modeling...
A Holocene beach ridge and present day shore ridge system located in a rural area north east of K... more A Holocene beach ridge and present day shore ridge system located in a rural area north east of Kuala Terengganu was studied. The relation between fecal coliform (FC) MPN Index (Most Probable Number) distribution with rainfalls and saline intrusions into the unconfined aquifer of the beach ridge–shore ridge system was examined. The probable primary source of the pollutants was also investigated in order to highlight the susceptibility of such aquifers to pollution. Six sampling sessions were made from September 2009 to January 2010. Three represent drier conditions and the other 3, heavier rainfalls corresponding to the northeast monsoon season. This sampling period represent a condition when this area was still not subjected to major coastal erosions and subsequent rock revetment work. Altogether, water samples were taken from 13 wells and 3 river stations. Physical-chemical measurements were made in-situ, while FC was tested at UMT laboratory. Essentially, the results indicated th...
Evaluation of deep learning algorithm for inflow forecasting: a case study of Durian Tunggal Reservoir, Peninsular Malaysia
Natural Hazards
Forecasting of reservoir inflow is one of the most vital concerns when it comes to managing water... more Forecasting of reservoir inflow is one of the most vital concerns when it comes to managing water resources at reservoirs to mitigate natural hazards such as flooding. Machine learning (ML) models have become widely prevalent in capturing the complexity of reservoir inflow time-series data. However, the model structure's selection required several trails-and-error processes to identify the optimal architecture to capture the necessary information of various patterns of input–output mapping. In this study, the effectiveness of a deep learning (DL) approach in capturing various input–output patterns is examined and applied to reservoir inflow forecasting. The proposed DL approach has a distinct benefit over classical ML models as all the hidden layers are stacked afterward to train on a diverging set of topologies derived from the previous layer's output. Given the nonlinearity of day-to-day data about reservoir inflow, a deep learning algorithm centered on the long short-term memory (LSTM) and two standard machine learning algorithms, namely support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN), were deployed in this study for forecasting reservoir inflow on a daily basis. The gathered data pertained to historical daily inflow from 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2019. The area of study was Durian Tunggal Reservoir, Melaka, Peninsular Malaysia. The choice of the input set was made on the basis of the autocorrelation function. The formulated model was assessed on the basis of statistical indices, such as mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and the coefficient of determination (R2). The outcomes indicate that the LSTM model performed much better than SVM and ANN. Based on the comparison, LSTM outperformed other models with MAE = 0.088, RMSE = 0.27, and R2 = 0.91. This research demonstrates that the deep learning technique is an appropriate method for estimating the daily inflow of the Durian Tunggal Reservoir, unlike the standard machine learning models.
Flood Risk and Its Effect on Property Value in Kuala Krai, Kelantan
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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Papers by Edlic Sathiamurthy