Papers by Dr. Abhishek Mathur
Screening of some Indian plants for their antibacterial and antifungal properties
Flora and Fauna Jhansi, 2010
Phytochemical investigation and in vitro antimicrobial activity of different parts of Ficus racemosa L
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2011
Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of peel and pulp of somecitrus fruits
Investigation of Anti-inflammatory Properties of Swertia chirayta and Gloriosa superba
Recent Research in Science and Technology, Feb 20, 2011
Gloriosa superba (Liliaceae) is one of the oldest ingredients of species from ancient time. Tuber... more Gloriosa superba (Liliaceae) is one of the oldest ingredients of species from ancient time. Tubers roots and seeds are two most important part of glory lily used for variety of purpose. Swertia chirata (Gentianaceae) is widely used in India to treat fever and malaria. It is also used to treat ...
Journal of Advanced Scientific Research
The excessive use of pesticides causesmaximum soil stress and infertile conditions. The present s... more The excessive use of pesticides causesmaximum soil stress and infertile conditions. The present study was performed in order to explore and identify the novel microbial source for the biodegradation of monocrotophos pesticides. Soil samples (approx. 500 g) were collected using some clean,dry, and sterile polythene bags along with a sterile spatula, marking pen rubber band, and other accessories. These samples were air-dried for 1 week, crushed, and sieved. The sieved soils were then used for Actinomycetes isolation. A totalof 120 Soil samples were aseptically collected from different field regions of Uttarakhand viz. Tehri-Garhwal, Chamoli, Srinagar, Uttarkashi, and Haridwar havedominant usage of monocrotophos pesticides. Amongst these samples, A total of 280 microbes were isolated; out of which 24 isolates of Actinobacteria (8.57 %) were isolated. The results revealed the strains of the genera viz. Micromonospora (65%), Actinomycetes (25%,) and Streptomyces (10%)are meant to be res...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2014
Chitin, a predominant polysaccharide besides cellulose is present as an important constituent of ... more Chitin, a predominant polysaccharide besides cellulose is present as an important constituent of exoskeleton of arthropods and crustaceans. It is also found as the important component of fungal hyphae. Chitin and its derivatives had a great significance and importance in pharmacological, medical and food dealing fields. In the present investigation, chitinous wastes were collected from the fresh water areas of Dehradun and Rishikesh of Uttarakhand State. The bacterium, Bacillus sp. isolated from soil produces chitinase enzyme responsible for degradation of chitin obtained from chitinous wastes. Further the chitinases enzyme was utilized to degrade the chitinous wastes into chito-oligosaccharides. The chitin active molecule present in the chitinous waste at another stage was deacetylated to chitosan. Further the antifungal activity of chitinases, chitin, chitosan and chito-oligosaccharides was determined in vitro by well diffusion method against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Amongst the test fungal cultures, the chitinase showed maximum inhibition against Aspergillus niger (diameter of zone of inhibition: 24 mm) followed by Candida albicans (diameter of zone of inhibition: 14 mm). Deacetylated form of chitin i.e chitosan showed potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans (diameter of zone of inhibition: 24 mm) followed by Aspergillus niger (diameter of zone of inhibition: 18 mm). The chitin extracted showed almost similar antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans (diameter of zone of inhibition: 15 mm) respectively. The low molecular weight derivatives viz. chito-oligosaccharide showed significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (diameter of zone of inhibition: 14 mm) but no activity was found against Candida albicans.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2014
In the present investigation, the chloroformic and hydro-alcoholic extracts of leaves and female ... more In the present investigation, the chloroformic and hydro-alcoholic extracts of leaves and female cones of Cycas revoluta were screened for its antimicrobial potential and in urge for isolation and characterization of the potent molecule responsible for antimicrobial potential against pathogenic and drug resistant strains. The results showed that both the leaves and female cones of Cycas revoluta are potent antimicrobial agents. It was found that chloroformic extracts of the cones was having potent antimicrobial activity in comparison to the chloroformic extracts of leaves. The studies report the isolation and characterization of a novel molecule, 2, 3-dihydro-4′-O-methyl-amentoflavone from the chloroformic extracts of leaves and female cones of the plant. The molecule was found to be promising antimicrobial agent against Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), E. coli, Salmonella abony, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and other pathogens reported in the study. The results hereby concluded that the extracts or the molecule can be utilized in formulating new antimicrobials which can be utilized in treating several infections caused by drug resistant pathogens. However further studies are however needed to study and evaluate its broad spectrum profile and to screen other different pharmacological activities.
Antifungal activity of some plant extracts against sugar beet damping-off caused by Sclerotium rolfsii
Annals of Microbiology, 2011
In an attempt to search for natural pesticides, crude extracts of seven plant species (Bauhinia p... more In an attempt to search for natural pesticides, crude extracts of seven plant species (Bauhinia purpurea, Caesalpinia gilliesii, Cassia fistula, Cassia senna, Chrysanthemum frutescens, Euonymus japonicus and Thespesia populnea var. acutiloba) were evaluated against Sclerotium rolfsii, the causative fungus of damping-off, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was performed to identify possible biologically active components (tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, phytol, linalool, 1,8 cineole and 9, 12, 15 octadecanoic acid) from the plant extracts most effective against S. rolfsii. Laboratory experiments indicated that leaf extracts of T. populnea var. acutiloba and Chrysanthemum frutescens were most effective against S. rolfsii. Greenhouse experiments confirmed that T. populnea var. acutiloba and Chrysanthemum frutescens extracts were most effective against the damping-off pathogen, either by coating or soaking of sugar beet seeds. None of the extracts tested produced phytotoxic effects on sugar beet leaves, even at the highest concentration applied. The most effective plant extracts showed low toxicity in rats relative to controls with respect to histological tests. The extracts assayed represent a potentially safe control method for damping-off disease in sugar beet.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Leaves Extracts of Murraya Koenigii L
ijpbs.net
... 2 Dept. of Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior (MP), India. RESEARCH ARTICLE ARTICALTICL... more ... 2 Dept. of Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior (MP), India. RESEARCH ARTICLE ARTICALTICLE BIO PHARMACEUTICS Corresponding Author ABHISHEK MATHUR National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-3 Ranipur, BHEL, Hardwar (UK), India. ABSTRACT ...
Pharmacological investigation of methanol extract of Syzigum cuminii seeds and Crateva nurvula bark on the basis of antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties
In the present study, the pectin, a natural gelling plant polysaccharide was extracted from pomac... more In the present study, the pectin, a natural gelling plant polysaccharide was extracted from pomace portion of apples and oranges. Further the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of pectin extracts were investigated. It was found that the yield of pectin content extracted was predominant in apples (20.60 %) in comparison to that of oranges (10.56%). The pectin samples extracted from apples and oranges were qualitatively evaluated for characteristic properties. Further the phytochemical constituents were qualitatively determined by conventional procedures. The results confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, reducing sugars, steroids and cardiac glycosides in orange pectin while alkaloids, reducing sugars, steroids, cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones were present in apple pectin. Tannins, saponin and anthraquinones were absent in orange pectin while tannins, flavanoids and saponin were absent in apple pectin. In separation of pectin extracts by TLC, the Rf values of the pectin samples were found to be similar viz. Apple pectin (0.62), Orange pectin (0.62) to that of standard pectin (procured from Ranchem), 0.63. The apple pectin and orange pectin showed almost similar retention time viz. 1.821 minutes and 1.757 minutes specifically on HPLC chromatogram. The FT-IR spectra of extracted pectin samples were determined using a computerized FTIR spectrometer in the range of 4400–400 cm-1 by the KBr pellet technique. Two outstanding features of the infrared spectra of pectinate are bands at 1745-1743 and at 1607-1604 cm-1. One other feature which should be mentioned is a band, beyond the afore mentioned range, appearing at 1418-1417 cm-l. In the spectra of polygalacturonate, the absence of carbonyl stretching bands above 1680 cm-l demonstrates that the polygalacturonate is de-esterified to a degree of <2%. The extracts were also found to have antimicrobial potential against the Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It was found that apple pectin had potent antimicrobial activity against E.coli, Methicillin resistant strain of S. aureus (isolated from blood) and Aspergillus niger while orange pectin was found to have antimicrobial potential against E.coli and Aspergillus niger. Apple pectin extracts were found to have potent antimicrobial activity in comparison to that of orange pectin. Apple pectin extracts showed least MIC values viz. 10-4 µg/ml against Aspergillus niger, 10-5 µg/ml against E.coli and Methicilin resistant S. aureus (isolated from blood). Orange pectin extracts showed similar MIC values viz. 10-5 µg/ml against E.coli and Aspergllus niger. Amongst both the pectin extracts, Total phenolic content of orange pectin was found to be much more (38 µg/ml) in comparison to that of apple pectin (20 µg/ml). The results of TPC correlate the findings of Total antioxidant activity determination assay (based on absorbance) which also illustrates that orange pectin had potent antioxidant activity in comparison to apple pectin. The extracts were also screened for ant-inflammatory activities and the results were found to be satisfactory as the extracts showed promising anti-inflammatory activities too.
PLANT ARCHIVES
Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust, and hence is plentiful in most ... more Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust, and hence is plentiful in most soils. Silica is absorbed by plants as silicic acid, with cereals and grasses containing the highest concentrations (0.2-2.0%). Most soils contain significant quantities of silica, but continuous cropping, particularly with crops that accumulate significant quantities of silica, can reduce plant available levels of Si to the point that supplemental Si fertilization is required. There appears to be a need for Si amendments in temperate as well as tropical crop production systems, and Si fertilizers are applied to crops in several countries for increased productivity and sustainable production. High silica uptake has been shown to improve drought resistance, increase resistance to fungi and other pathogens, and increase plant growth rate and yield. However, its essentiality as a micronutrient for higher plants is difficult to prove, partly due to the fact that many positive effects of Si are most apparent in cases of abiotic stresses. Silica amendments have also been shown to correct soil toxicities resulting from high levels of soluble Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ , and Al 3+. Most plants groups are known to deposit silica between the cells and tissues in solid form creating amorphous structures called Phytoliths or Silica bodies. Phytoliths are formed after absorbing silica in soluble form, as is offered in Biological silica. They provide mechanical strength and rigidity to plant parts and act as defence system against insects, pests and fungal infestations as well as improve water balance, plant growth and yield, rates of photosynthesis and reproduction. Silica acts as immune-stimulator within crops thus enable the enhancement of defence mechanism in crops. Silica enables the plants build up a physical mineral barrier lining the cell. This makes it difficult for biting and sucking bugs to damage the plants. Naturally this reduces the food intake, growth longevity and population growth ofxylem feeding insects and other pathogens. It has been observed that plants accumulate Silica around fungal infected sites. If the plant has sufficient silica level, it creates an active defence against fungal infections as well. From last few decade silicon is getting great attention due to its abundance and non-hazardous nature. Silicon nutrition is found to be very helpful providing resistance to crops against biotic and abiotic stresses. Silicon also provide resistance to the plants against pathogens. The present review is thus attempted to define nature of silica, its compatibility with crops and applications of silica in enhancement of agricultural productivity in terms of sustainable agriculture.
International Journal of Research, 2017
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a formidable challenge to TB control due to its c... more Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a formidable challenge to TB control due to its complex diagnostic and treatment challenges. The annual global MDR-TB burden is estimated at around 490,000 cases, or 5% of the global TB burden, however, less than 5% of existing MDR-TB patients are currently being diagnosed as a result of serious laboratory constraints. Alarming increase in MDR-TB, the emergence of extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB), potential institutional transmission, and rapid mortality of MDR-TB and XDR-TB patient with HIV co-infection, have highlighted the urgency for rapid screening, methods. Conventional methods for myco-bacteriological culture and drug susceptibility testing are slow and cumbersome, requiring sequential procedures for isolation of mycobacterium from clinical specimens, identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and in vitro testing of strains susceptibility to anti-TB drugs. Rifampicin is a first line anti Tuberculosis drug active against bacilli in logarithmic and stationary phase, which interferes with RNA synthesis by binding to bacterial RNA polymerase. Tuberculosis bacilli achieve resistance to rifampicin by accumulation of mutations in a short-81bp region of the rpoB gene. Among many mutations identified in the rpo B gene, few were verified by molecular genetic methods as responsible for resistance to rifampicin. In this study, 8-different mutations were identified in an 81-bp section of a "hot spot" region of rpoB gene of rifampicin resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The clinical strains were evaluated in respect to drug resistance. It was found that the mutations in positions 526 (H/D) 516 (D/V) and 531(S/L) codons result in high level resistance to rifampicin. Mutations in position 516(D/Y) 515(M/I) 510 (Q/H) or a double mutation in codons 512(S/I) and 516 (D/G) relates to low level of resistance. The present study was performed in order to compare the isolation and drug sensitivity testing (DST) methods for Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture using solid media (Lowenstein-Jensen/LJ) and liquid media (BACTEC Mycobacterium growth indicator Tube-MGIT 960). This was a cross-sectional survey of adults who visited Intermediate Reference Laboratory, Srinagar (J&K), India with new diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) or failing the first-line TB treatment. Patients were requested to provide two sputum specimens for smear-microscopy and culture on solid and liquid media. Amongst 854 samples, 642 (75.17%) were positive, 211(25%) were found negative and 1(0.1%) were non-tuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) when isolated through solid/LJ media while 735 (86.06%) were positive, 100 (12%) were negative and 19 (2.22%) were found NTM when isolated through liquid/BACTEC-GIT-960 media. Amongst the two media for isolation of Mycobacterium in random screening procedures, liquid media/BACTEC-MGIT-960 increases diagnosis of TB-positive samples and specifically those with MDR-TB. The choice of culture method should also depend on local availability, cost and test performance characteristics. It was found that, positive cultures of TB were found to be most resistant against streptomycin and most sensitive to ethambutol. The pattern of resistance against drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis as per the study follows the order viz.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2014
In the present study, the hydro-alcoholic and hexane extracts of the plant, Rheum australes (Fami... more In the present study, the hydro-alcoholic and hexane extracts of the plant, Rheum australes (Family: Polygonaceae) were screened for antimicrobial activity against pathogenic and drug resistant strains. The non polar extracts did not showed any activity against any of the pathogenic strains. Amongst these extracts the hydro-alcoholic extracts of the plant, Rheum australes, showed potent antimicrobial activity against almost all the pathogens studied. These extracts also showed potent antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the ranges from 0.3 mg/ml to 0.7 mg/ml. The potent hydro-alcoholic extract was further subjected for isolation and characterization of potent antimicrobial compound via chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The pure antimicrobial compound isolated and characterized was Revandichinone. The compound was isolated as bright yellow needles, mp 214 0 C. The IR spectrum showed absorption bands at 3441 cm _1 (-OH), 1625 cm _1 (chelated-C¼O) and 1749 cm _1 (ester-C¼O). The compound isolated was further subjected for antimicrobial screening against pathogens at varying concentrations.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2014
In the present study, the pectin, a natural gelling plant polysaccharide was extracted from pomac... more In the present study, the pectin, a natural gelling plant polysaccharide was extracted from pomace portion of apples and oranges. Further the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of pectin extracts were investigated. It was found that the yield of pectin content extracted was predominant in apples (20.60 %) in comparison to that of oranges (10.56%). The pectin samples extracted from apples and oranges were qualitatively evaluated for characteristic properties. Further the phytochemical constituents were qualitatively determined by conventional procedures. The results confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, reducing sugars, steroids and cardiac glycosides in orange pectin while alkaloids, reducing sugars, steroids, cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones were present in apple pectin. Tannins, saponin and anthraquinones were absent in orange pectin while tannins, flavanoids and saponin were absent in apple pectin. In separation of pectin extracts by TLC, the Rf values of the pectin samples were found to be similar viz. Apple pectin (0.62), Orange pectin (0.62) to that of standard pectin (procured from Ranchem), 0.63. The apple pectin and orange pectin showed almost similar retention time viz. 1.821 minutes and 1.757 minutes specifically on HPLC chromatogram. The FT-IR spectra of extracted pectin samples were determined using a computerized FTIR spectrometer in the range of 4400-400 cm-1 by the KBr pellet technique. Two outstanding features of the infrared spectra of pectinate are bands at 1745-1743 and at 1607-1604 cm-1. One other feature which should be mentioned is a band, beyond the afore mentioned range, appearing at 1418-1417 cm-l. In the spectra of polygalacturonate, the absence of carbonyl stretching bands above 1680 cm-l demonstrates that the polygalacturonate is de-esterified to a degree of <2%. The extracts were also found to have antimicrobial potential against the Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It was found that apple pectin had potent antimicrobial activity against E.coli, Methicillin resistant strain of S. aureus (isolated from blood) and Aspergillus niger while orange pectin was found to have antimicrobial potential against E.coli and Aspergillus niger. Apple pectin extracts were found to have potent antimicrobial activity in comparison to that of orange pectin. Apple pectin extracts showed least MIC values viz. 10-4 µg/ml against Aspergillus niger, 10-5 µg/ml against E.coli and Methicilin resistant S. aureus (isolated from blood). Orange pectin extracts showed similar MIC values viz. 10-5 µg/ml against E.coli and Aspergllus niger. Amongst both the pectin extracts, Total phenolic content of orange pectin was found to be much more (38 µg/ml) in comparison to that of apple pectin (20 µg/ml). The results of TPC correlate the findings of Total antioxidant activity determination assay (based on absorbance) which also illustrates that orange pectin had potent antioxidant activity in comparison to apple pectin. The extracts were also screened for ant-inflammatory activities and the results were found to be satisfactory as the extracts showed promising anti-inflammatory activities too.
PLANT ARCHIVES, 2021
Subhash Chandra et al.
In recent era multi drug resistant biofilm forming bacteria band Nanotechnology is a burning fiel... more In recent era multi drug resistant biofilm forming bacteria band Nanotechnology is a burning field for the researchers. Microbial infection caused by Biofilm forming bacteria due to ability of these bacteria to form Biofilm. Formation of biofilm is characteristic for various gram negative and gram positive bacteria hence Staphylococusaureus are most common biofilm producing bacteria. Biofilm composed by several layers of bacterial encased with in an exopolysachharidematrix. In this review it has been observed that Nanotechnology play a key role in control and prevention of the infection occur due to multidrug resistant biofilm forming bacteria.In most of the observation antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticle it has been determine by disc diffusion and microdilution technique. For the determination of biofilm production Congo redagar technique and Tube technique has been used. Due to the significance of biofilm in medical science and increase of drug resistance, silvernanopartic...
Journal of Molecular Structure, 2021
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2017
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2017
Nanotechnology is a latest field of modern research dealing with synthesis, design and manipulati... more Nanotechnology is a latest field of modern research dealing with synthesis, design and manipulation of nanosized particles. Remarkable development in nanotechnology has opened a novel and very wide frontier of application that includes the synthesis of
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Papers by Dr. Abhishek Mathur