Paper Technology

A search for supersymmetry in the context of general gauge-mediated (GGM) breaking with the lightest neutralino as the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle and the gravitino as the lightest is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb −1 recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search is performed using events containing two or more isolated photons, at least one hadronic jet, and significant missing transverse energy. No excess of events at high missing transverse energy is observed. Upper limits on the signal cross section for GGM supersymmetry between 0.3 and 1.1 pb at the 95% confidence level are determined for a range of squark, gluino, and neutralino masses, excluding supersymmetry parameter space that was inaccessible to previous experiments.

Graphene oxide (GO) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) proved to be a potential material for bone tissue-regeneration applications. Therefore, GO and nHAp reinforced porous polymeric nanocomposite scaffolds have been gaining significant research thrust. In this study, GO and nHAp based nanocomposite was synthesized and used as a reinforcing agent to develop gelatin-alginate (GA)-based three-dimensional porous polymeric nanocomposite scaffold. The polymeric nanocomposite scaffold (nHAp-GO/GA) was fabricated by using freeze-drying process, which may show a synergistic effect of each of the components for tissue regeneration. The scaffold demonstrates good physico-chemical properties. The porous microstructure of the scaffold is evidenced by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). High swelling of the scaffold in presence water, indicates that the scaffold is highly hydrophilic, which implies the suitability of the scaffold for tissue regeneration. Further, the incorporation of nHAp-GO enhances the compressive strength of the scaffold while reduces the rate of biodegradation, which is good for bone tissue engineering. The scaffold is biocompatible. In vitro cell study with MG-63 bone cells demonstrates the synergistic effect of each of the components of the scaffold, on mineral deposition. Therefore, it can be concluded that nHAp-GO/GA polymeric nanocomposite scaffold can be a potential candidate for bone tissue regeneration.

Cotton is cheap, easily available and widely used as surgical material. Therefore, cotton would be good raw material to design a scaffold for tissue engineering applications. In this work, the gelatin-coated microfibrous paper scaffold was fabricated successfully by a papermaking process. Microfibers-based scaffold could overcome the limitations of nanofibrous material-based scaffold for tissue engineering application. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were characterized. The results revealed that the gelatin contributed to the enhanced cell attachment and proliferation over the scaffolds, whereas cellulose as a strong backbone in the scaffold to support it for keeping its appearance. Their tensile strength and water absorption capacity were improved, but pore size and porosity were decreased after incorporation of gelatin. Hence, results suggested that fabricated scaffolds have huge prospective as a bioactive, well-designed and economical scaffold stand for tissue engineering application.

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Due to their size and rapid growth, large cities in developing countries are increasingly challenged by burgeoning waste generation. Waste management, however, has traditionally provided employment opportunities to the many urban poor in the informal sector. These traditional models, working largely in parallel with state-led interventions, are under pressure because they fail to address the waste management crisis. This failure, coupled with the lack of capacities of local governments, has paved the way for formal private sector participation. We examine the case of Delhi where a complex interplay of competing approaches have accompanied efforts of urban local bodies, civil society and the private sector (informal and formal) at finding a sustainable working solution. Our analysis of the complex relationship within the private sector players, and between private and public actors, provides novel insights into potential contribution of public-private partnerships for effective waste management in developing countries.

IntroductIon 1 rama Mohana r. turaga and Kalyan Bhaskar E lectronic waste (e-waste), that is, waste arising from end-of-life electronic products such as computers and mobile phones, is one of the fastest growing waste streams in the world today. Annual global production of e-waste is estimated to surpass 50 million tons in 2020. 2 India is among the top five e-waste producing countries in the world with estimated annual production of 2 million tons. Like some of the other developing countries, e-waste management in India is dominated by the informal sector with estimates of more than 90 per cent of the waste being processed in this sector. E-waste contains several precious metals, rare earth metals, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, plastic, wood and glass. Unscientific practices in the processing of e-waste are associated with several environmental and health externalities. 3 In response to these concerns, many developed and devel-1 The earlier versions of the articles in this colloquium (except for the article by Hitesh Sharma) were written for the report 'E-waste Roadmap 2023 for India', an initiative under the India E-waste Program of the International Finance Corporation (IFC). The programme was supported by the Government of Japan and the Korea Green Growth Trust Fund of the World Bank. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of Neeta Misra, Sarina Bolla and Kalyan Bhaskar, the editors of the 'E-waste Roadmap 2023 for India' report, who worked with a team of experts on e-waste in India and were responsible for the editing of the initial versions of many of the articles in the colloquium.