The supported bandwidth of the underwater communication systems is limited to several kilo hertz,... more The supported bandwidth of the underwater communication systems is limited to several kilo hertz, which considers as the main challenge for Underwater Acoustic (UWA) communications. Meanwhile, the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) performance of the UWA systems is degrades as a result of water temperature, water salinity, attenuation, and multi-path propagation. In this paper, we present a modification to the conventional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based (FFT) using Fast Walsh-Hadamard transform (FWHT) instead of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Also, the proposed algorithm is encoded and decoded using Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) coding algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm with LDPC coding can improve the BBER system performance than the corresponding traditional one.
Artificial Intelligence - Based Multiopath Transmission Model for WSN Energy Efficiency
International Journal of Advanced Research, 2022
This paper presents a network-coding-based transmission strategy called alternative multipath to ... more This paper presents a network-coding-based transmission strategy called alternative multipath to boost the transmission reliability and energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks (AMNC). Encoded data packets are transmitted to the sink through alternative multipath from the cluster head. MATLAB 7.0 simulates WSNs energy utilization and reliability. Simulation findings show AMNC outperforms parallel multipath based on network coding. The two techniques show this. A well-defined discussion of the research subject, specific technologies, strengths and weaknesses, scopes, and problem formulation is required for any study. The ocean covers approximately two-thirds of the earths surface, therefore its hard for any economy to avoid it (i.e., country). The ocean serves as a main method of transportation, supports international trade, and is crucial for defense. In recent years, it has come to light how crucial ocean or water-routes are for enabling rapid and cost-effective transportation...
A generalized class of exponential type estimators for estimating the mean of the sensitive variable when using optional randomized response model
Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation, 2020
In this article, we propose a generalized class of exponential type estimators for estimating the... more In this article, we propose a generalized class of exponential type estimators for estimating the mean of delicate variable in the existence of non-sensitive two auxiliary variables. The performanc...
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Papers by Shan Fatima