Marco Greggi

Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Department of Legal studies, Faculty Member

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Full Professor at the University of Ferrara, Department of Law. Former Director of the Ph.D Course in EU Law and National Legal Systems. Visiting Professor at the Universities of Barcelona (Pomepu Fabra), Almeria, Leiden, London - Roehampton, Hull, Rijeka, Budapest (Eotvos Lorand), Haifa, Seoul, Melbourne (J. Monash), KIMEP (Almaty), Ashgabat (Social Science), Tehran, Sao Paulo, Belo Horizonte.
Supervisors: Professor Adriano Di Pietro, Professor Richard Krever, and Professor Yoseph Edrey
Address: Corso Ercole I D'Este, 37
44100 Ferrara
Italy

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Papers by Marco Greggi

The Impact of ESG Criteria on Taxation

ITAXS, 2025

This study investigates the impact of environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria on curr... more This study investigates the impact of environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria on current tax systems worldwide. Although ESG principles have yet to be codified in hard law in most countries, they are gaining increasing prominence in shaping business practices and policies, recommending sustainable business models and discouraging initiatives which do not align with the need to preserve the environment and social inclusiveness. Rather than determining the possible longrun impact of ESG criteria implementation, the study explores how they might influence the interpretation and application of existing tax rules even without explicit legal mandates. It delves into four key areas where ESG considerations could be a significant factor: calculating business income, transfer pricing regulations, applying anti-avoidance rules, and interpreting the “business purpose” test. The study suggests and provides evidence that, although such principles are not binding per se, they are already interpretive tools which can nudge the interpretation of law by tax administrations and judiciaries. It concludes by emphasizing the potential of ESG principles for shaping the future of taxation and promoting a more sustainable and equitable approach to economic growth.

A Euro Model for the Tobin Tax? The (Possible) Impact of the Tax on the European Financial Market (and on the Non-EU Investors)

BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Law Series, 2025

This article offers an overview of the Financial Transaction Tax (FTT) proposed by the European C... more This article offers an overview of the Financial Transaction Tax (FTT) proposed by the European Commission, with a focus on its innovative character and origins in the "Tobin Tax". The study examines the FTT's potential impact on the European financial market and non-EU investors. The FTT is notable for being the first tax introduced in the European Union under enhanced cooperation, a procedure allowing certain Member States to implement legislation when unanimity has not been achieved. Moreover, it is the first tax based on the principle of issuance of the underlying asset, irrespective of the taxpayer's residence, thus affecting even non-EU investors. The analysis includes a literature review of academic discourse on the FTT, discussing its objectives, potential economic ramifications, challenges in implementation, and the behavioral changes it may induce among market participants. Key findings highlight that the FTT, while aiming to generate revenue and stabilize markets, faces challenges such as potential market disruption, tax avoidance, and the complexity of ensuring harmonization across different legal systems. The article concludes by discussing the implications of the FTT's implementation, emphasizing the need for an "all in, all out" approach to avoid distortions and ensure effectiveness.

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Royalties, effettivo beneficiario e società operativa: questioni vecchie e nuove nell’applicazione della Convenzione italo-svizzera

Novità fiscali, 2024

Secondo la Corte di giustizia tributaria (CGT) dell’Emilia- Romagna (causa n. 292, del 2 ottobre ... more Secondo la Corte di giustizia tributaria (CGT) dell’Emilia- Romagna (causa n. 292, del 2 ottobre 2023) può beneficiare della minor ritenuta convenzionale prevista dal Trattato italo- svizzero contro le doppie imposizioni la società elvetica che non sia titolare della proprietà industriale concessa in licenza, ma mera licenziataria. Le norme pattizie non hanno natura agevo- lativa, pertanto l’onere della prova in merito ai requisiti per il loro disconoscimento insiste sull’Amministrazione finanziaria che ne contesti l’applicazione. Qualora il soggetto percettore di passive income (in Svizzera) non avesse rispettato i requisiti previsti, avrebbe dovuto trovare applicazione la (minor) ritenuta alla fonte prevista tra stato del soggetto pagatore (Italia) e quello dell’effettivo beneficiario, ancorché terzo rispetto alla controver- sia (nel caso di specie, gli USA).

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Le operazioni permutative nell'imposta sul valore aggiunto

Rivista della Guardia di Finanza, 2024

L'articolo affronta il problema della assoggettabilità ad IVA della cessione dei dati personali, ... more

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Taxation and Criminal Charges: the Italian Changing Scenario and its Relevance for the Ongoing Reform in the Republic of Kazakhstan

ITax Papers on Taxation, 2023

The article describes in general term the sanctions applicable to compliance violations in the It... more

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Denken als Rechnen: il pensiero (giuridico) come calcolo Attualità e prospettive nel diritto tributario

iTax Papers on Taxation, 2023

Il presente contributo riporta la relazione tenuta al convegno “Commercio internazionale, frodi e... more

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L'einsegnement du droit fiscal en Italie (Teaching Tax law in Italy)

Revue européenne et internationale de droit fiscal, 2023

Taxation law is a recent academic discipline in Italy, as the first scientific publications in th... more Taxation law is a recent academic discipline in Italy, as the first scientific publications in the matter dates back to the half of the XX century. Despite the young age, it has become more and more important both in the departments of law and in those of economics: it eventually became a compulsory subject to be taken in the study programmes by all the students. It covers traditionally the study of the taxes as they are introduced and charged by the state or the other territorial subdivisions, although more and more importance is attributed now to international and EU rules as elective exams are available to students in these different sub-disciplines. The number of tax lawyers in Italy is not impressive, as a consequence education is targeted at providing to the students a general understanding of taxation as legal, economic and also social phenomenon not necessarily connected with the tax trial. This allows them to operate in the business world or for the public sector, where needed. Recently, more emphasis has been attributed to the new frontiers of education to tax: they include tax compliance and tax negotiation, consistently with the need for a more inclusive and interdisciplinary teaching, as recommended by the Italian Ministry of University. In this respect, teaching tax law is keeping place with other more traditional disciplines (such as civil or criminal law) and in some occasions anticipates, both in methods and content, decisions that will be taken by other sectors later on.

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Article Shades of Transparency: DAC6 and the Client- Attorney Privilege

EC Tax Review, 2023

Tax Law has become more and more a data-centric discipline through the years. The struggle agains... more Tax Law has become more and more a data-centric discipline through the years. The struggle against international tax avoidance and evasion has pushed the European union to pass a number of directives regulating the exchange of information and the taxpayers' duty to disclose information and data concerning their business and investments. The article considers DAC6 (Directive on Administrative Cooperation, Council Directive 2018/822) a qualitative change in this scenario, as it appears to erode the client-attorney privilege. It imposes, for the first time, a duty of transparency to intermediaries such as consultants and (potentially) lawyers which is in collision with fundamental rights, eventually casting a shadow on the due process clause and (indirectly) the rule of law. The central part of the article focuses on the extension of the privilege in tax law, trying to strike a balance between the need to curb tax avoidance and to preserve the due process clause. The findings are that the client-attorney relationship is one of the pillars the rule of law is built on, it should be preserved in the field of taxation too and eventually that no directive or regulation have the power to waive it. The conclusion is that DAC6 is to be considered a step in the wrong direction by the European legislator as the first ruling of the CJEU (Court of Justice of the European Union) seems to confirm.

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Digital Taxation on the Verge of BEPS 2.0: Some Preliminary Policy Considerations

by Marco Greggi and Yan He

WCLF Tax und IP Gesprächsband 2019, 2021

Just like the Germans celebrated by Tacitus, tax challenges posed by Digital Economy have been "m... more Just like the Germans celebrated by Tacitus, tax challenges posed by Digital Economy have been "magistrimuphati quam victi" 1 in the latest years by the OECD. Ever since the first inception of the BEPS Project,andright from 2013, digital taxation has been priority number one in the policy activity of the Organization of Paris. The reason of this are easy to be understood as digital economy has proven to be the most disruptive factor in the value added chain of the economies.

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Fiscalità virale comparata: Svizzera e Italia a confronto

Per quanto geograficamente vicini e caratterizzati da un tessuto produttivo profondamente interco... more Per quanto geograficamente vicini e caratterizzati da un tessuto produttivo profondamente interconnesso, il Canton Ticino e l’Italia stanno rispondendo in modo profondamente divergente alla crisi da Covid-19. Il territorio elvetico si distingue per una risposta orientata al forte sostegno dell’imprenditoria locale e un alleggerimento della compliance fiscale ad ampio raggio, nel quadro di una strategia federale organica. L’Italia, ancora costretta da vincoli di bilancio particolarmente penetranti, si affida a interventi di alleggerimento in una logica emergenziale, nel tentativo di “spingere la notte piu in la”.

Avoidance and Abus De Droit: The European Approach in Tax Law

Defining tax avoidance has been always a nearly impossible quest for tax lawyers. In Continental ... more Defining tax avoidance has been always a nearly impossible quest for tax lawyers. In Continental Europe, however, it could be said that the notion of avoidance is strongly embedded to the concept of abuse of a right, being an abuse, according to the Roman law tradition, the exercise of a right inconsistently with the general principles of correctness, good faith or even with the basic rules of ethics. Therefore the definition of avoidance is not purely legal, but it depends also on other disciplines which influence it. In EU law qualifying avoidance is even more complex as the law of the Union is nearly deprived of any influence by other systems of values, the only general principles to rely on are the fundamental freedoms and the nondiscrimination principle both enshrined in the Treaty. That is why when in recent cases the Court had to rule on the abuse of law it did its best to find principles or values to build the concept on. The results were different in direct tax and in VAT c...

La disciplina delle cd. “società controllate e collegate estere” nell’ordinamento italiano

Fin dalla sua prima attuazione nell’ordinamento tributario italiano, con l’art. 127 bis del Testo... more Fin dalla sua prima attuazione nell’ordinamento tributario italiano, con l’art. 127 bis del Testo unico delle imposte sui redditi n. 917/86, prima della rinumerazione ad opera del D. lgs. 344/03, la disciplina delle società cd. “controllate estere” si è sempre caratterizzata per una specifica finalità anti-abuso: è stata cioè concepita per contrastare quello che oggi potrebbe essere definito un fenomeno di erosione dell’imponibile domestico. La fattispecie elusiva che diveniva il bersaglio della disciplina cd. “CFC” era quella che consisteva, con un ragionevole margine di approssimazione, in una delocalizzazione abusiva degli investimenti e dei capitali presso giurisdizioni tributarie più favorevoli rispetto a quella italiana (vale a dire caratterizzate da un prelievo tributario sensibilmente più basso rispetto a quello italiano, se non addirittura del tutto figurativo) o comunque caratterizzate da un livello inappagante di

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Recenti sviluppi e questioni di compatibilita comunitaria delle disposizioni di contrasto al fenomeno della cosiddetta" esterovestizione" societaria

Rassegna Tributaria, 2010

La Repubblica di San Marino apre allo scambio d’informazioni(anche in assenza di convenzione)

Con la Legge n. 106 del 22 luglio 2011 le autorità della Repubblica di San Marino, e il Consiglio... more Con la Legge n. 106 del 22 luglio 2011 le autorità della Repubblica di San Marino, e il Consiglio Grande e Generale in particolare, hanno voluto apparentemente inaugurare un nuovo corso nei rapporti fra il Monte Titano e gli altri Stati (in particolare l’Italia) per quanto concerne lo scambio d’informazioni di natura fiscale. La scelta, assolutamente originale nella tradizione sammarinese, è stata nel senso di concedere uno “scambio unilaterale” allo Stato richiedente anche in assenza di un accordo a tal fine che sia entrato in vigore, nel caso in cui determinati requisiti siano rispettati. Si tratta però di una volontà maturata tenuto anche conto del fatto che il contesto globale nel quale San Marino e gli operatori economici ivi localizzati si trovano ad operare, oggi, risulta profondamente mutato, e caratterizzato da un tessuto di norme (oltre che di regole di soft law) tutte orientate a un approccio molto più osmotico fra le diverse amministrazioni, come peraltro i recenti orien...

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Action 6. In search of a compass: base erosion, profit shifting and new dilemmas in international taxation

Country note: Taxation of Implicit Royalties in Italy

Intertax, 2018

Rise and Decline of the Westphalian Principle in Taxation: The Web Tax Case

Ec Tax Review, 2020

The article analyses the crucial impact that the digital economy is having on international taxat... more The article analyses the crucial impact that the digital economy is having on international taxation and argues that the traditional taxing rules are inadequate to address the way that multinational enterprises are conducting business on the Internet and how value is created on the Web. The cornerstone of this analysis consists of the observation that, while the power of the states to tax is intrinsically connected to territory (thus, to a physical element), the Internet economy is not as it takes places in a virtual space (a Terra Incognita) which is, in legal terms, still uncharted. This situation is challenging the intimate connection between the power to tax and the territory state Sovereignty can be exercised on, superiorem non recognoscens. This is the Westphalian Principle, as commonly understood in History, and it is the pillar states have been built on since the mid-seventeenth century, in Europe. This article eventually considers the most recent development to overtake thi...

I limiti territoriali delle norme di agevolazione fiscale

In una recente sentenza la Commissione tributaria regionale dell’Emilia Romagna (n. 1896/18) pren... more In una recente sentenza la Commissione tributaria regionale dell’Emilia Romagna (n. 1896/18) prende posizione sulla possibilita di estendere gli incentivi fiscali concessi dalla legge cd. "Tremonti-ter" anche alla societa italiana che effettui investimenti presso una sua stabile organizzazione localizzata in un Paese al di fuori dello SEE. L’interpretazione giurisprudenziale che prevale (ben oltre il dato letterale della norma) e quella secondo la quale e necessario che l’impiego del cespite acquistato in regime di agevolazione avvenga anch’esso sul territorio italiano, non essendo a tal fine sufficiente che sia qui localizzata la societa che effettua l’investimento sostenendone il costo. L’autore ritiene che tale linea interpretativa, sebbene ragionevole, non sia pienamente conforme con il principio di non discriminazione sancito nella maggior parte dei trattati contro le doppie imposizioni sottoscritti dall’Italia (e definito dall’OCSE nell’ambito del Modello di Convenzi...

Bridging a Sea. Constitutional and Supranational Limitations to Taxing Powers of the States Across the Mediterranean Sea

This book is the first attempt ever made by a group of Mediterranean Tax researchers to get toget... more This book is the first attempt ever made by a group of Mediterranean Tax researchers to get together and discuss on general principles on taxation law concerning their countries, or of some specific aspexts of taxation that are of peculiar relevance in their legal framework, and it&amp;#x27;s the ...

The Masa Investment Group as a "NEC Plus Ultra" Case for the Application of the European Convention on Human Rights to Tax Law?

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