Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/dagos
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unknown. None of the proposed etymologies is plausible (compare Ancient Greek ταχύς (takhús, “fast”), Icelandic tækur (“acceptable”).[1]
Matasovic writes that it could possibly be assimilated from *dakos, which could be from Proto-Indo-European *déḱos (“that which is proper”), also the source of *dekos (“honor”). This root also gives Old Irish dech, the suppletive superlative to maith (“good”).[2]
Adjective
[edit]*dagos
Inflection
[edit]| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dagos | *dagou | *dagoi |
| vocative | *dage | *dagou | *dagoi |
| accusative | *dagom | *dagou | *dagons |
| genitive | *dagī | *dagous | *dagom |
| dative | *dagūi | *dagobom | *dagobos |
| instrumental | *dagū | *dagobim | *dagobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dagā | *dagai | *dagās |
| vocative | *dagā | *dagai | *dagās |
| accusative | *dagam | *dagai | *dagans |
| genitive | *dagās | *dagous | *dagom |
| dative | *dagai | *dagābom | *dagābos |
| instrumental | *? | *dagābim | *dagābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dagom | *dagou | *dagā |
| vocative | *dagom | *dagou | *dagā |
| accusative | *dagom | *dagou | *dagā |
| genitive | *dagī | *dagous | *dagom |
| dative | *dagūi | *dagobom | *dagobos |
| instrumental | *dagū | *dagobim | *dagobis |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dagyūs | *? | *dagyoses |
| vocative | *dagyūs | *? | *dagyoses |
| accusative | *dagyosam | *? | *dagyosans |
| genitive | *dagisos | *? | *dagisom |
| dative | *dagisei | *? | *dagisbos |
| instrumental | *dagisī | *? | *dagisbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dagyūs | *? | *dagyoses |
| vocative | *dagyūs | *? | *dagyoses |
| accusative | *dagyosam | *? | *dagyosans |
| genitive | *dagisos | *? | *dagisom |
| dative | *dagisei | *? | *dagisbos |
| instrumental | *dagisī | *? | *dagisbis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dagis | *? | *? |
| vocative | *dagis | *? | *? |
| accusative | *dagis | *? | *? |
| genitive | *dagisos | *? | *dagisom |
| dative | *dagisei | *? | *dagisbos |
| instrumental | *dagisī | *? | *dagisbis |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Brythonic: *daɣ (attested in the Bath curse tablets as an-dagin (“worthless”, accusative singular feminine)).
- Old Irish: dag-, deg-
- Irish: dea-, deagh- (superseded), deá- (Cois Fharraige)
- Scottish Gaelic: deagh
- Gaulish: dagos
References
[edit]- ^ Vendryes, Joseph (1996), “dag”, in Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume D, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, page D-7f.
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*dago-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 86
Further reading
[edit]- Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “dagos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 134