Jump to content

Hugo Award for Best Fan Artist

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Hugo Award for Best Fan Artist
Awarded forThe best fan artist of works devoted primarily to science fiction or fantasy
Presented byWorld Science Fiction Society
First award1967 (1967)
Most recent winnerSara Felix
Websitethehugoawards.org

The Hugo Award for Best Fan Artist is given each year for artists of works related to science fiction or fantasy which appeared in low- or non-paying publications such as semiprozines or fanzines. A Hugo Award for professional artists is also given. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction" and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".[1][2]

The fan award was first presented in 1967 and has been awarded annually. Between 1996 and 2025, Retrospective Hugo Awards or "Retro-Hugos" were available for works published 50, 75, or 100 years prior. Retro-Hugos could only be awarded for years after 1939 in which no awards were originally given.[3] Retro-Hugo awards were awarded for 1939, 1941, 1943–1946, 1951, and 1954, although only the 1946 and 1951 Retro-Hugos received sufficient nominations for the Fan Artist Hugo to make the ballot.[4][5]

Hugo Award nominees and winners are chosen by supporting or attending members of the annual World Science Fiction Convention, or Worldcon, and the presentation evening constitutes its central event. The selection process is defined in the World Science Fiction Society Constitution as instant-runoff voting with six finalists, except in the case of a tie. The works on the ballot are those six most-nominated by members that year, with no limit on the number of works that can be nominated.[3] Initial nominations are made by members in January through March, while voting on the ballot of six finalists is performed roughly in April through July, subject to change depending on when that year's Worldcon is held.[6] Prior to 2017, the final ballot was five works; it was changed that year to six, with each initial nominator limited to five nominations.[7] Worldcons are generally held near Labor Day and in a different city around the world each year.[8][9]

Brad W. Foster has received the largest number of awards, with 8 wins out of 27 final ballot nominations.

During the 62 nomination years, 88 artists have been finalists; 34 of these have won, including co-winners and Retro Hugos. Brad W. Foster has received the largest number of awards, with 8 wins out of 27 final ballot nominations. William Rotsler and Tim Kirk have won five awards, from 23 and 8 nominations respectively. The only other artists to win more than twice are Teddy Harvia, with 4 out of 20 nominations, Alexis A. Gilliland, with 4 out of 8, and Frank Wu, also with 4 out of 8. The artist with the most nominations without winning was Taral Wayne, at 12 nominations.

Winners and finalists

[edit]

In the following tables, the years correspond to the date of the ceremony. Artists are eligible based on their work of the previous calendar year. Entries with a yellow background and an asterisk (*) next to the artist's name have won the award; those with a gray background are the finalists on the short-list.

  *   Winners

Winners and finalists
Year Artist Ref.
1967 Jack Gaughan* [10]
George Barr [10]
Jeff Jones [10]
Steve Stiles [10]
Arthur "ATom" Thomson [10]
1968 George Barr* [11]
Johnny Chambers [11]
Steve Stiles [11]
Arthur "ATom" Thomson [11]
Bjo Trimble [11]
1969 Vaughn Bodé* [12]
George Barr [12]
Tim Kirk [12]
Doug Lovenstein [12]
William Rotsler [12]
1970 Tim Kirk* [13]
Alicia Austin [13]
George Barr [13]
Stephen Fabian [13]
William Rotsler [13]
1971 Alicia Austin* [14]
Stephen Fabian [14]
Mike Gilbert [14]
Tim Kirk [14]
William Rotsler [14]
1972 Tim Kirk* [15]
Alicia Austin [15]
Grant Canfield [15]
Wendy Fletcher [15]
William Rotsler [15]
1973 Tim Kirk* [16]
Grant Canfield [16]
William Rotsler [16]
James Shull [16]
Arthur "ATom" Thomson [16]
1974 Tim Kirk* [17]
Alicia Austin [17]
Grant Canfield [17]
William Rotsler [17]
Arthur "ATom" Thomson [17]
1975 William Rotsler* [18]
George Barr [18]
Grant Canfield [18]
James Shull [18]
1976 Tim Kirk* [19]
Grant Canfield [19]
Phil Foglio [19]
William Rotsler [19]
James Shull [19]
1977 Phil Foglio* [20]
Grant Canfield [20]
Tim Kirk [20]
William Rotsler [20]
James Shull [20]
1978 Phil Foglio* [21]
Grant Canfield [21]
Alexis A. Gilliland [21]
Jeanne Gomoll [21]
James Shull [21]
1979 William Rotsler* [22]
Jim Barker [22]
Harry Bell [22]
Alexis A. Gilliland [22]
Stuart Shiffman [22]
1980 Alexis A. Gilliland* [23]
Jeanne Gomoll [23]
Joan Hanke-Woods [23]
Victoria Poyser [23]
William Rotsler [23]
Stuart Shiffman [23]
1981 Victoria Poyser* [24]
Alexis A. Gilliland [24]
Joan Hanke-Woods [24]
William Rotsler [24]
Stuart Shiffman [24]
1982 Victoria Poyser* [25]
Alexis A. Gilliland [25]
Joan Hanke-Woods [25]
William Rotsler [25]
Stuart Shiffman [25]
1983 Alexis A. Gilliland* [26]
Joan Hanke-Woods [26]
William Rotsler [26]
Stuart Shiffman [26]
Dan Steffan [26]
1984 Alexis A. Gilliland* [27]
Brad W. Foster [27]
Joan Hanke-Woods [27]
William Rotsler [27]
Stuart Shiffman [27]
1985 Alexis A. Gilliland* [28]
Brad W. Foster [28]
Steven Fox [28]
Joan Hanke-Woods [28]
William Rotsler [28]
Stuart Shiffman [28]
1986 Joan Hanke-Woods* [29]
Brad W. Foster [29]
Steven Fox [29]
William Rotsler [29]
Stuart Shiffman [29]
1987 Brad W. Foster* [30]
Steven Fox [30]
Stuart Shiffman [30]
Arthur "ATom" Thomson [30]
Taral Wayne [30]
1988 Brad W. Foster* [31]
Steven Fox [31]
Teddy Harvia [31]
Merle Insinga [31]
Taral Wayne [31]
Diana Gallagher Wu [31]
1989 Brad W. Foster* [32]
Diana Gallagher Wu* [32]
Teddy Harvia [32]
Merle Insinga [32]
Stuart Shiffman [32]
Taral Wayne [32]
1990 Stuart Shiffman* [33]
Steven Fox [33]
Teddy Harvia [33]
Merle Insinga [33]
Joe Mayhew [33]
Taral Wayne [33]
1991 Teddy Harvia* [34]
Merle Insinga [34]
Peggy Ranson [34]
Stuart Shiffman [34]
Diana Harlan Stein [34]
1992 Brad W. Foster* [35]
Teddy Harvia [35]
Peggy Ranson [35]
Stuart Shiffman [35]
Diana Harlan Stein [35]
1993 Peggy Ranson* [36]
Teddy Harvia [36]
Merle Insinga [36]
Linda Michaels [36]
Stuart Shiffman [36]
Diana Harlan Stein [36]
1994 Brad W. Foster* [37]
Teddy Harvia [37]
Linda Michaels [37]
Peggy Ranson [37]
William Rotsler [37]
Stuart Shiffman [37]
1995 Teddy Harvia* [38]
Brad W. Foster [38]
Linda Michaels [38]
Peggy Ranson [38]
William Rotsler [38]
1996 William Rotsler* [39]
Ian Gunn [39]
Teddy Harvia [39]
Joe Mayhew [39]
Peggy Ranson [39]
1997 William Rotsler* [40]
Ian Gunn [40]
Joe Mayhew [40]
Peggy Ranson [40]
Sherlock [40]
1998 Joe Mayhew* [41]
Brad W. Foster [41]
Ian Gunn [41]
Teddy Harvia [41]
Peggy Ranson [41]
1999 Ian Gunn* [42]
Freddie Baer [42]
Brad W. Foster [42]
Teddy Harvia [42]
Joe Mayhew [42]
D. West [42]
2000 Joe Mayhew* [43]
Freddie Baer [43]
Brad W. Foster [43]
Teddy Harvia [43]
Taral Wayne [43]
2001 Teddy Harvia* [44]
Sheryl Birkhead [44]
Brad W. Foster [44]
Sue Mason [44]
Taral Wayne [44]
2002 Teddy Harvia* [45]
Sheryl Birkhead [45]
Brad W. Foster [45]
Sue Mason [45]
Frank Wu [45]
2003 Sue Mason* [46]
Brad W. Foster [46]
Teddy Harvia [46]
Steve Stiles [46]
Frank Wu [46]
2004 Frank Wu* [47]
Brad W. Foster [47]
Teddy Harvia [47]
Sue Mason [47]
Steve Stiles [47]
2005 Sue Mason* [48]
Brad W. Foster [48]
Teddy Harvia [48]
Steve Stiles [48]
Frank Wu [48]
2006 Frank Wu* [49]
Brad W. Foster [49]
Teddy Harvia [49]
Sue Mason [49]
Steve Stiles [49]
2007 Frank Wu* [50]
Brad W. Foster [50]
Teddy Harvia [50]
Sue Mason [50]
Steve Stiles [50]
2008 Brad W. Foster* [51]
Teddy Harvia [51]
Sue Mason [51]
Steve Stiles [51]
Taral Wayne [51]
2009 Frank Wu* [52]
Alan F. Beck [52]
Brad W. Foster [52]
Sue Mason [52]
Taral Wayne [52]
2010 Brad W. Foster* [53]
Dave Howell [53]
Sue Mason [53]
Steve Stiles [53]
Taral Wayne [53]
2011 Brad W. Foster* [54]
Randall Munroe [54]
Maurine Starkey [54]
Steve Stiles [54]
Taral Wayne [54]
2012 Maurine Starkey* [55]
Brad W. Foster [55]
Randall Munroe [55]
Spring Schoenhuth [55]
Steve Stiles [55]
Taral Wayne [55]
2013 Galen Dara* [56]
Brad W. Foster [56]
Spring Schoenhuth [56]
Maurine Starkey [56]
Steve Stiles [56]
2014 Sarah Webb* [57]
Brad W. Foster [57]
Mandie Manzano [57]
Spring Schoenhuth [57]
Steve Stiles [57]
2015 Elizabeth Leggett* [58]
Ninni Aalto [58]
Brad W. Foster [58]
Spring Schoenhuth [58]
Steve Stiles [58]
2016 Steve Stiles* [59]
Matthew Callahan [59]
Christian Quinot [59]
disse86 [59]
Kukuruyo [59]
2017 Elizabeth Leggett* [60]
Ninni Aalto [60]
Vesa Lehtimäki [60]
Mia Sereno [60]
Spring Schoenhuth [60]
Steve Stiles [60]
2018 Geneva Benton* [61]
Grace P. Fong [61]
Maya Hahto [61]
Mia Sereno (as Likhain) [61]
Spring Schoenhuth [61]
Steve Stiles [61]
2019 Mia Sereno (as Likhain)* [62]
Sara Felix [62]
Grace P. Fong [62]
Meg Frank [62]
Ariela Housman [62]
Spring Schoenhuth [62]
2020 Elise Matthesen* [63]
Iain J. Clark [63]
Sara Felix [63]
Grace P. Fong [63]
Meg Frank [63]
Ariela Housman [63]
2021 Sara Felix* [64]
Iain J. Clark [64]
Cyan Daly [64]
Grace P. Fong [64]
Maya Hahto [64]
Laya Rose [64]
2022 Lee Moyer* [65]
Iain J. Clark [65]
Lorelei Esther [65]
Sara Felix [65]
Ariela Housman [65]
Nilah Magruder [65]
2023 Richard Man* [66]
Iain J. Clark [66]
Laya Rose [66]
Alison Scott [66]
España Sheriff [66]
Orion Smith [66]
2024 Laya Rose* [67]
Iain J. Clark [67]
Sara Felix [67]
Dante Luiz [67]
Alison Scott [67]
España Sheriff [67]
2025 Sara Felix* [68]
Iain J. Clark [68]
Meg Frank [68]
Michelle Morrell [68]
Alison Scott [68]
España Sheriff [68]
2026 Sara Felix [69]
Terri Ash [69]
Geneva Bowers [69]
Richard Man [69]
España Sheriff [69]
Yuumei [69]

Retro Hugos

[edit]

Between the 1996 Worldcon and 2025 Worldcon, the World Science Fiction Society had the concept of "Retro-Hugos", in which the Hugo award could be retroactively awarded for 50, 75, or 100 years prior.[3][70] Retro-Hugos could only be awarded for years after 1939 (the year of the first Worldcon) in which no Hugos were originally awarded.[3] Retro Hugos were awarded eight times, for 1939, 1941, 1943–1946, 1951, and 1954.[5] Only the 1946 and 1951 Retro Hugos received enough nominations for the Fan Artist Hugo to make the ballot.[71][4]

Retro Hugo winners and finalists
Year Year awarded Artist Ref.
1946 1996 William Rotsler* [72]
Joe Gibson [72]
Lou Goldstone, Jr. [72]
Alva Rogers [72]
Jack Wiedenbeck [72]
1951 2001 Jack Gaughan* [73]
Lee Hoffman [73]
Ray Nelson [73]
William Rotsler [73]
James White [73]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Jordison, Sam (August 7, 2008). "An International Contest We Can Win". The Guardian. London, England. Archived from the original on July 29, 2009. Retrieved April 21, 2010.
  2. ^ Cleaver, Emily (April 20, 2010). "Hugo Awards Announced". Litro Magazine. London, England: Ocean Media. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 21, 2010.
  3. ^ a b c d "The Hugo Awards: FAQ". World Science Fiction Society. July 19, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 20, 2010.
  4. ^ a b "1954 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  5. ^ a b "The Locus index to SF Awards: About the Retro Hugo Awards". Locus. Oakland, California: Locus. Archived from the original on January 3, 2010. Retrieved April 21, 2010.
  6. ^ "The Hugo Awards: Introduction". World Science Fiction Society. July 18, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 20, 2010.
  7. ^ "Worldcon 75: 2017 Hugo report #2" (PDF). Worldcon 75. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 15, 2017. Retrieved August 15, 2017.
  8. ^ "The Locus index to SF Awards: About the Hugo Awards". Locus. Oakland, California: Locus. Archived from the original on January 3, 2010. Retrieved April 21, 2010.
  9. ^ "World Science Fiction Society / Worldcon". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on April 14, 2009. Retrieved April 20, 2010.
  10. ^ a b c d e "1967 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  11. ^ a b c d e "1968 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  12. ^ a b c d e "1969 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  13. ^ a b c d e "1970 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  14. ^ a b c d e "1971 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  15. ^ a b c d e "1972 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  16. ^ a b c d e "1973 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  17. ^ a b c d e "1974 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  18. ^ a b c d "1975 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  19. ^ a b c d e "1976 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  20. ^ a b c d e "1977 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  21. ^ a b c d e "1978 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  22. ^ a b c d e "1979 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  23. ^ a b c d e f "1980 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  24. ^ a b c d e "1981 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  25. ^ a b c d e "1982 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  26. ^ a b c d e "1983 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  27. ^ a b c d e "1984 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  28. ^ a b c d e f "1985 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  29. ^ a b c d e "1986 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  30. ^ a b c d e "1987 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  31. ^ a b c d e f "1988 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  32. ^ a b c d e f "1989 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  33. ^ a b c d e f "1990 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  34. ^ a b c d e "1991 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  35. ^ a b c d e "1992 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  36. ^ a b c d e f "1993 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  37. ^ a b c d e f "1994 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 28, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  38. ^ a b c d e "1995 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  39. ^ a b c d e "1996 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  40. ^ a b c d e "1997 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  41. ^ a b c d e "1998 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  42. ^ a b c d e f "1999 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  43. ^ a b c d e "2000 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  44. ^ a b c d e "2001 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  45. ^ a b c d e "2002 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  46. ^ a b c d e "2003 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  47. ^ a b c d e "2004 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 24, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  48. ^ a b c d e "2005 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 24, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  49. ^ a b c d e "2006 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 25, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  50. ^ a b c d e "2007 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. August 9, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  51. ^ a b c d e "2008 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. August 13, 2008. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  52. ^ a b c d e "2009 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. August 18, 2009. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  53. ^ a b c d e "2010 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. November 10, 2010. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2011.
  54. ^ a b c d e "2011 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. April 25, 2011. Archived from the original on May 4, 2012. Retrieved April 9, 2012.
  55. ^ a b c d e f "2012 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. April 7, 2012. Archived from the original on April 9, 2012. Retrieved April 9, 2012.
  56. ^ a b c d e "2013 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. December 22, 2012. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved April 3, 2013.
  57. ^ a b c d e "2014 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. April 18, 2014. Archived from the original on September 6, 2015. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
  58. ^ a b c d e "2015 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. March 31, 2015. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
  59. ^ a b c d e "2016 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. December 29, 2015. Archived from the original on August 16, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
  60. ^ a b c d e f "2017 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. December 31, 2016. Archived from the original on August 12, 2017. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
  61. ^ a b c d e f "2018 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. March 15, 2018. Archived from the original on April 2, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  62. ^ a b c d e f "2019 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. September 18, 2019. Archived from the original on July 29, 2019. Retrieved April 2, 2019.
  63. ^ a b c d e f "2020 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. April 7, 2020. Archived from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  64. ^ a b c d e f "2021 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. December 18, 2021. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
  65. ^ a b c d e f "2022 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. September 4, 2022. Archived from the original on September 5, 2022. Retrieved September 4, 2022.
  66. ^ a b c d e f "2023 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 6, 2023. Archived from the original on July 6, 2023. Retrieved July 6, 2023.
  67. ^ a b c d e f "2024 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. March 29, 2024. Archived from the original on August 12, 2024. Retrieved March 29, 2024.
  68. ^ a b c d e f "2025 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. August 17, 2025. Retrieved August 17, 2025.
  69. ^ a b c d e f "2026 Hugo, Lodestar & Astounding Awards Finalists". Locus. April 21, 2026. Retrieved April 22, 2026.
  70. ^ Glyer, Mike (July 19, 2025). "Seattle Worldcon 2025 July 19 Business Meeting Session". File 770. Retrieved July 19, 2025.
  71. ^ "1939 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. April 18, 2014. Archived from the original on April 22, 2016. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
  72. ^ a b c d e "1946 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
  73. ^ a b c d e "1951 Retro Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. July 26, 2007. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
[edit]