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4C +41.17

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4C +41.17
4C +41.17 captured by W. M. Keck Observatory
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationAuriga
Right ascension06h 50m 52.09s
Declination+41d 30m 30.53s
Redshift3.792000
Heliocentric radial velocity1,136,813 km/s
Distance11.665 billion Gly (light travel time distance)
Apparent magnitude (V)0.344
Apparent magnitude (B)0.455
Surface brightness21.7
Notable featuresRadio galaxy, starburst galaxy, luminous infrared galaxy
Other designations
INTREF 315, PGC 2820698, NVSS J065052+413027, 6C B064720.6+413402, 7C 0647+4134, TXS 0647+415, B3 0647+415, SMM J065052.1+413030

4C +41.17 is a radio galaxy located in the constellation Auriga. With the redshift of 3.79, it is located nearly 11.7 billion light-years from Earth.[1] At the time of its discovery in 1988,[2] it was one of the most distant galaxies ever seen.[3][4]

Characteristics

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Hubble Space Telescope image of 4C +41.17

4C +41.17 is classified as a high redshift radio galaxy in the early universe with a presence of an ultra steep radio spectrum.[5][6][7] The source of the galaxy is powerful with its astrophysical jet driving shock waves that enhances the star formation.[8][9]

4C +41.17 is categorized as hyperluminous infrared galaxy.[10] The radio luminosity of this galaxy has been estimated as 29.18 x 1027.5 watts per hertz.[11] The total infrared luminosity has been found to be calculated as 1013 L☉[12] The central dust lane is shown to contain massive amounts of interstellar dust.[13]

An observation using the IRAM 30m telescope in Spain, has found presence of least two carbon oxide (CO) systems in 4C +41.17. One of the CO component is shown coinciding with the central core while the other is situated at the base of a cone-shaped region, southwest from the galaxy's nucleus. This evidence suggests it underwent a recent galaxy merger.[14] Extended X-ray emission has also been detected in addition.[15] A region of faint radio emission is shown elongating from the nuclear region by 5.3 kiloparsecs.[16] Deep spectropolarimetric observations with the W. M. Keck Telescope has also shown the ultraviolet emission of galaxy is mainly unpolarized.[17]

References

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  1. ^ "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-06-05.
  2. ^ Chambers, K. C.; Miley, G. K.; Van Breugel, W. J. M. (1990). "1990ApJ...363...21C Page 23". The Astrophysical Journal. 363: 21. Bibcode:1990ApJ...363...21C. doi:10.1086/169316. Retrieved 2024-06-05.
  3. ^ information@eso.org. "Radio galaxy 4C41.17". www.spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 2024-06-05.
  4. ^ Chambers, K. C.; Miley, G. K.; van Breugel, W. J. M. (1990-11-01). "4C 41.17: A Radio Galaxy at a Redshift of 3.8". The Astrophysical Journal. 363: 21. Bibcode:1990ApJ...363...21C. doi:10.1086/169316. ISSN 0004-637X.
  5. ^ Wylezalek, D.; Vernet, J.; De Breuck, C.; Stern, D.; Galametz, A.; Seymour, N.; Jarvis, M.; Barthel, P.; Drouart, G.; Greve, T. R.; Haas, M.; Hatch, N.; Ivison, R.; Lehnert, M.; Meisenheimer, K. (2013-02-01). "The Herschel view of the environment of the radio galaxy 4C+41.17 at z = 3.8". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 428 (4): 3206–3219. arXiv:1210.6361. doi:10.1093/mnras/sts264. ISSN 0035-8711.
  6. ^ Chambers, K. C.; Miley, G. K.; van Breugel, W. J. M.; Huang, J. -S. (1996-10-01). "Ultra--Steep-Spectrum Radio Sources. I. 4C Objects". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 106: 215. Bibcode:1996ApJS..106..215C. doi:10.1086/192337. ISSN 0067-0049.
  7. ^ Chambers, K. C.; Miley, G. K.; van Breugel, W. J. M.; Bremer, M. A. R.; Huang, J. -S.; Trentham, N. A. (1996-10-01). "Ultra--Steep-Spectrum Radio Sources. II. Radio, Infrared, Optical, and HST Imaging of High-Redshift 4C Objects". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 106: 247. Bibcode:1996ApJS..106..247C. doi:10.1086/192338. ISSN 0067-0049.
  8. ^ V. Bicknell, Geoffrey; S. Sutherland, Ralph; van Breugel, Wil J. M.; A. Dopita, Michael; Dey, Arjun; K. Miley, George (2000). "Jet-induced Emission-Line Nebulosity and Star Formation in the High-Redshift Radio Galaxy 4C 41.17". The Astrophysical Journal. 540 (2): 678–686. arXiv:astro-ph/9909218. Bibcode:2000ApJ...540..678B. doi:10.1086/309343. Retrieved 2024-06-05.
  9. ^ Steinbring, Eric (2014-04-29), A Star-Forming Shock Front in Radio Galaxy 4C+41.17 Resolved with Laser-Assisted Adaptive Optics Spectroscopy, arXiv:1404.7539
  10. ^ Rowan-Robinson, M. (2000-08-01). "Hyperluminous infrared galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 316 (4): 885–900. arXiv:astro-ph/9912286. Bibcode:2000MNRAS.316..885R. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03588.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  11. ^ Miley, George; De Breuck, Carlos (2008-02-01). "Distant radio galaxies and their environments". Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. 15 (2): 67–144. arXiv:0802.2770. Bibcode:2008A&ARv..15...67M. doi:10.1007/s00159-007-0008-z. ISSN 0935-4956.
  12. ^ Benford, Dominic J.; Cox, Pierre; Omont, Alain; Phillips, Thomas G.; McMahon, Richard G. (1999-06-01). "350 Micron Dust Emission from High-Redshift Objects". The Astrophysical Journal. 518 (2): L65–L68. arXiv:astro-ph/9904277. Bibcode:1999ApJ...518L..65B. doi:10.1086/312073. ISSN 0004-637X.
  13. ^ Dunlop, James S.; Hughes, David H.; Rawlings, Steve; Eales, Stephen A.; Ward, Martin J. (1994-08-01). "Detection of a large mass of dust in a radio galaxy at redshift z = 3.8". Nature. 370 (6488): 347–349. Bibcode:1994Natur.370..347D. doi:10.1038/370347a0. ISSN 0028-0836.
  14. ^ De Breuck, C.; Downes, D.; Neri, R.; van Breugel, W.; Reuland, M.; Omont, A.; Ivison, R. (2005-01-01). "Detection of two massive CO systems in 4C 41.17 at z = 3.8". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 430: L1–L4. arXiv:astro-ph/0411732. Bibcode:2005A&A...430L...1D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200400115. ISSN 0004-6361.
  15. ^ Scharf, Caleb; Smail, Ian; Ivison, Rob; Bower, Richard; van Breugel, Wil; Reuland, Michiel (2003-10-10). "Extended X-Ray Emission around 4C 41.17 atz= 3.8". The Astrophysical Journal. 596 (1): 105–113. arXiv:astro-ph/0306314. Bibcode:2003ApJ...596..105S. doi:10.1086/377531. ISSN 0004-637X.
  16. ^ Miley, G. K.; Chambers, K. C.; van Breugel, W. J. M.; Macchetto, F. (1992-12-01). "Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Distant Galaxies: 4C 41.17 at Z = 3.8". The Astrophysical Journal. 401: L69. Bibcode:1992ApJ...401L..69M. doi:10.1086/186673. hdl:1887/6628. ISSN 0004-637X.
  17. ^ Dey, Arjun; van Breugel, Wil; Vacca, William D.; Antonucci, Robert (1997-12-01). "Triggered Star Formation in a Massive Galaxy at z = 3.8: 4C 41.17". The Astrophysical Journal. 490 (2): 698–709. arXiv:astro-ph/9707166. Bibcode:1997ApJ...490..698D. doi:10.1086/304911. ISSN 0004-637X.
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