Papers by Ioannis Angelou
Papadopoulou, L., & Angelou, I. (2025). Monitoring media pluralism in the European Union. Results of the MPM 2025. Country report: Greece., 2025
This report presents the results of the implementation of the Media Pluralism Monitor in Greece f... more This report presents the results of the implementation of the Media Pluralism Monitor in Greece for the year 2024 (MPM2025). The MPM is a holistic tool aimed at assessing the risk to media pluralism in the EU member states and candidate countries. It considers legal, political, and economic variables relevant for analyzing the levels of media pluralism in a democratic society. The Media Pluralism Monitor has been implemented annually by the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom since 2013/2014.
Monitoring media pluralism in the digital era: application of the media pluralism monitor in the European member states and in candidate countries in 2023. Country report: Greece. , 2024
Greek legacy media organizations in the digital age: a historical perspective of web tool adoption (1990s–2023)
Internet Histories, Jan 11, 2024
This study examines the adoption of web tools by Greek legacy media organizations from a historic... more This study examines the adoption of web tools by Greek legacy media organizations from a historical perspective, covering the period from the 1990s to 2023. The study employs a mixed-method approach, including a literature review, content analysis of websites, and survey of social media and application use in two time-points. The results reveal that Greek legacy media have embraced web 2.0 technologies, such as tags, live broadcasting, and on-demand content. However, the study also identifies some areas for improvement, including the need to create more interactive public discussion environments and explore new technologies such as podcasting and new platforms.
Social Media Metrics as Predictors of Publishers’ Website Traffic
Journalism and media, Mar 4, 2024
The relationship between legacy media and social media has become a crucial topic in the discussi... more The relationship between legacy media and social media has become a crucial topic in the discussions about new media. The debate intensified after Facebook announced a reduction in news posts in user timelines in 2018. In the era of the “Like economy”, social media holds significant economic value, prompting media outlets to adopt a “let’s try and see” approach to reach new audiences and increase their online advertising share. The present study, based on a large-scale survey of 50 publishers’ websites, Facebook pages, and Twitter accounts, deepens our understanding of the relationship between legacy and social media as indicators of audience feedback. Through the lens of network gatekeeping and reciprocal journalism theories, it contributes to the development of new evaluation tools that predict publishers’ website traffic based on social media metrics. Results show that Facebook and Twitter metrics can predict publishers’ website traffic indicators at a rate exceeding 60%. This study underscores the importance of social media metrics in evaluating media practices and the need to shift research toward specific indicators to understand the relationship between legacy and social media.
Greek legacy media organizations in the digital age: a historical perspective of web tool adoption (1990s–2023)
Internet Histories , 2024
This study examines the adoption of web tools by Greek legacy media organizations from a historic... more This study examines the adoption of web tools by Greek legacy media organizations from a historical perspective, covering the period from the 1990s to 2023. The study employs a mixed-method approach, including a literature review, content analysis of websites, and survey of social media and application use in two time-points. The results reveal that Greek legacy media have embraced web 2.0 technologies, such as tags, live broadcasting, and on-demand content. However, the study also identifies some areas for improvement, including the need to create more interactive public discussion environments and explore new technologies such as podcasting and new platforms.
Social Media Metrics as Predictors of Publishers’ Website Traffic
Journalism and Media, 2024
The relationship between legacy media and social media has become a crucial topic in the discussi... more The relationship between legacy media and social media has become a crucial topic in the discussions about new media. The debate intensified after Facebook announced a reduction in news posts in user timelines in 2018. In the era of the “Like economy”, social media holds significant economic value, prompting media outlets to adopt a “let’s try and see” approach to reach new audiences and increase their online advertising share. The present study, based on a large-scale survey of 50 publishers’ websites, Facebook pages, and Twitter accounts, deepens our understanding of the relationship between legacy and social media as indicators of audience feedback. Through the lens of network gatekeeping and reciprocal journalism theories, it contributes to the development of new evaluation tools that predict publishers’ website traffic based on social media metrics. Results show that Facebook and Twitter metrics can predict publishers’ website traffic indicators at a rate exceeding 60%. This study underscores the importance of social media metrics in evaluating media practices and the need to shift research toward specific indicators to understand the relationship between legacy and social media.
“I love my job, but my job is destroying me”. Permacrisis’ toll on journalistic practice and perceptions about journalism in Southern Europe
Journalism, 2024
Drawing on qualitative analysis using semi-structured interviews, this study examines the endurin... more Drawing on qualitative analysis using semi-structured interviews, this study examines the enduring impact of the prolonged cycle of global crises on South European journalists’ perceptions about their profession and approaches to their work. The findings reveal a complex interplay of emotions among journalists, ranging from a love-hate dynamic towards their profession to a deep-seated disappointment with its ability to enact positive societal change. The repeated exposure to trauma has led them to a loss of faith in journalism’s potential to serve the public good, fostering a sense of powerlessness and futility among practitioners. Moreover, this study sheds light on shifts in journalistic practice. Journalists describe how they infuse their work with personal emotions as a means of coping with the intensity of the stories they cover. They elaborate on the deteriorating working conditions brought about after years of crises but also highlight the emotional toll of permacrisis as an important factor that leads them to choose ‘lighter’ beats or exit the profession entirely. This study is unique in documenting permacrisis’ impact on journalists in Southern Europe, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of their experiences.
Monitoring media pluralism in the digital era – Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor in the European Member States and candidate countries in 2023 – Country report – Greece
European University Institute, 2024
Monitoring media pluralism in the digital era
Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor in the E... more Monitoring media pluralism in the digital era
Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor in the European Member States and candidate countries in 2023 : country report : Greece
Latest edition.
The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is a research tool that is designed to identify potential risks to media pluralism in the Member States of the European Union and in Candidate Countries. This narrative report has been produced on the basis of the implementation of the MPM that was carried out in 2023. The implementation was conducted in 27 EU Member States, as well as in Albania, Montenegro, The Republic of North Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey. This year a part of the MPM has also been piloted in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Moldova. This project, under a preparatory action of the European Parliament, was supported by a grant awarded by the European Commission to the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) at the European University Institute.
The production and publication of this report is co-funded by the European Union as part of the L... more The production and publication of this report is co-funded by the European Union as part of the Local Media for Democracy project. Views and opinions expressed are those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. The European Union cannot be held accountable for the content presented
PAPADOPOULOU, Lambrini, ANGELOU, Ioannis
This report presents the results of the implementation ... more PAPADOPOULOU, Lambrini, ANGELOU, Ioannis
This report presents the results of the implementation of the Media Pluralism Monitor for the year 2022 (MPM2023) in Greece. The MPM is a holistic tool geared at assessing the risks to media pluralism in EU member states and selected candidate countries (32 European countries in total, including Albania, Montenegro, the Republic of North Macedonia, Serbia, and Turkey). The MPM takes into account legal, political and economic variables that are relevant to analysing the levels of plurality of media systems in a democratic society. The Media Pluralism Monitor has been implemented, on a regular basis, by the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom, since 2013/2014.
Studies in Media and Communication, 2022
Ioannis Angelou, Anastasia Katsaounidou, Lambrini Papadopoulou
This study focuses on the way(s) ... more Ioannis Angelou, Anastasia Katsaounidou, Lambrini Papadopoulou
This study focuses on the way(s) that the economic and the pandemic crisis were covered by media outlets and aims to research whether journalists' own feelings and experiences of covering both these traumatic events were depicted in their news articles. Drawing on Semetko and Valkenburg's (2000) set of five generic frames this study focuses on Greece, a country that has been severely hit by both these crises and brings together theories about journalism as emotional labour that defy the prevailing notion of the distant and neutral observers. Moving one step further, this study argues that journalists convey their source's emotions, but in some cases, they also reveal their own feelings through their news articles. Findings suggest that apart from the already documented frames, (i.e., attribution of responsibility, conflict, human interest, economic consequences, and morality), journalists used the trauma frame, a notion we use to refer to news articles that essentially reflect and reveal journalists' own emotions. This finding refutes the traditional understanding of quality journalistic discourse as one stripped of emotional expression and opens new pathways for research.
Studies in Media and Communication
This study focuses on the way(s) that the economic and the pandemic crisis were covered by media ... more This study focuses on the way(s) that the economic and the pandemic crisis were covered by media outlets and aims to research whether journalists’ own feelings and experiences of covering both these traumatic events were depicted in their news articles. Drawing on Semetko and Valkenburg’s (2000) set of five generic frames this study focuses on Greece, a country that has been severely hit by both these crises and brings together theories about journalism as emotional labour that defy the prevailing notion of the distant and neutral observers. Moving one step further, this study argues that journalists convey their source’s emotions, but in some cases, they also reveal their own feelings through their news articles. Findings suggest that apart from the already documented frames, (i.e., attribution of responsibility, conflict, human interest, economic consequences, and morality), journalists used the trauma frame, a notion we use to refer to news articles that essentially reflect and r...
Review for "Predicting information exposure and continuous consumption: self-level interest similarity, peer-level interest similarity and global popularity
Social Media Followership as a Predictor of News Website Traffic
Journalism Practice
News organizations increasingly focus their efforts to boost traffic on their websites to grow th... more News organizations increasingly focus their efforts to boost traffic on their websites to grow their share of online advertising. We investigated the relationship between news websites’ traffic ranking and their social media tools of Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Google Plus. For a year we monitored the followers of all Greek regional newspapers in relation to the traffic on their websites. We continued monitoring for a second year to validate the robustness of the findings and we hereby present results for 86 weeks. Statistical analysis leads to the conclusion that the number of social media subscribers can predict the competitive position of a newspaper in the market based on its website traffic. The effect lasts for a limited period of time, one to three weeks, depending on the specific medium. Importantly, results indicate the potential of developing a prediction model of the website's traffic, based on the social media metrics of the organization, as a useful tool to increase traffic and revenues from online advertising.
Journalism Practice Journal, 2019
News organizations increasingly focus their efforts to boost traffic on their websites to grow th... more News organizations increasingly focus their efforts to boost traffic on their websites to grow their share of online advertising. We investigated the relationship between news websites’ traffic ranking and their social media tools of Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Google Plus. For a year we monitored the followers of all Greek regional newspapers in relation to the traffic on their websites. We continued monitoring for a second year to validate the robustness of the findings and we hereby present results for 86 weeks. Statistical analysis leads to the conclusion that the number of social media subscribers can predict the competitive position of a newspaper in the market based on its website traffic. The effect lasts for a limited period of time, one to three weeks, depending on the specific medium. Importantly, results indicate the potential of developing a prediction model of the website's traffic, based on the social media metrics of the organization, as a useful tool to increase traffic and revenues from online advertising.
Angelou I, Katsaras V and Veglis A (2014) The exploitation of technological developments by the Greek regional newspapers
The penetration rate of the internet in the population is explosive, particularly due to high spe... more The penetration rate of the internet in the population is explosive, particularly due to high speed infrastructure investments and the development of cost reduction communication technologies. This resulted to a significant reduction of the traditional mass media audience and an increase of the public that prefers the internet as an information source 1 . This change is leading the mass media to greater investments in order to extend their presence on the web. The mass media provide more features to their audience, as they are gradually transforming to users 2 . Till the end of the '90s the media philosophy was led by the logic that the public cannot and does not want to engage in interactive forms of communication 3 . But in early 2000, terms and practices like interactivity 4 , participatory journalism 5 and user-generated content 6 , were introduced, leading the mass media to the web 2.0 generation 7 .
International Conference on Communication & Management
The measuring of media competitiveness is transferred from the sales of printed newspapers and fr... more The measuring of media competitiveness is transferred from the sales of printed newspapers and from the number of audience of TV and radio programs, to the measurement of the traffic on their websites. In this context, more and more traditional media and newspapers utilize Social Networking as a publishing channel of their news.
The present research attempts to examine the hypothesis that the use of the most popular Social Networking services, Facebook and Twitter, is linked to the evolution of the traffic of the media’s website. The survey included all regional and nation-wide newspapers in Greece, according to their classification of the traffic on their websites and the number of the users registered in their official Facebook pages and Twitter accounts.
The study found a linear increase of newspapers’ users on Facebook, while on Twitter this increase was close to an exponential growth. Also the examination of the relationship between the number of users following each newspaper on Facebook and Twitter, and it's ranking based on traffic trends as measured by alexa.com, showed that the relationship between the number of users following each media on Facebook and it's ranking is positive and statistically significant, while the relationship concerning Twitter, although statistically significant, is found to be lower and more variable.
The results of the study provide strong evidence supporting our hypothesis that social networking is related to the evolution of the web traffic, but the two social networking services under study seem to have dissimilar effect.
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Papers by Ioannis Angelou
Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor in the European Member States and candidate countries in 2023 : country report : Greece
Latest edition.
The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is a research tool that is designed to identify potential risks to media pluralism in the Member States of the European Union and in Candidate Countries. This narrative report has been produced on the basis of the implementation of the MPM that was carried out in 2023. The implementation was conducted in 27 EU Member States, as well as in Albania, Montenegro, The Republic of North Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey. This year a part of the MPM has also been piloted in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Moldova. This project, under a preparatory action of the European Parliament, was supported by a grant awarded by the European Commission to the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) at the European University Institute.
This report presents the results of the implementation of the Media Pluralism Monitor for the year 2022 (MPM2023) in Greece. The MPM is a holistic tool geared at assessing the risks to media pluralism in EU member states and selected candidate countries (32 European countries in total, including Albania, Montenegro, the Republic of North Macedonia, Serbia, and Turkey). The MPM takes into account legal, political and economic variables that are relevant to analysing the levels of plurality of media systems in a democratic society. The Media Pluralism Monitor has been implemented, on a regular basis, by the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom, since 2013/2014.
This study focuses on the way(s) that the economic and the pandemic crisis were covered by media outlets and aims to research whether journalists' own feelings and experiences of covering both these traumatic events were depicted in their news articles. Drawing on Semetko and Valkenburg's (2000) set of five generic frames this study focuses on Greece, a country that has been severely hit by both these crises and brings together theories about journalism as emotional labour that defy the prevailing notion of the distant and neutral observers. Moving one step further, this study argues that journalists convey their source's emotions, but in some cases, they also reveal their own feelings through their news articles. Findings suggest that apart from the already documented frames, (i.e., attribution of responsibility, conflict, human interest, economic consequences, and morality), journalists used the trauma frame, a notion we use to refer to news articles that essentially reflect and reveal journalists' own emotions. This finding refutes the traditional understanding of quality journalistic discourse as one stripped of emotional expression and opens new pathways for research.
The present research attempts to examine the hypothesis that the use of the most popular Social Networking services, Facebook and Twitter, is linked to the evolution of the traffic of the media’s website. The survey included all regional and nation-wide newspapers in Greece, according to their classification of the traffic on their websites and the number of the users registered in their official Facebook pages and Twitter accounts.
The study found a linear increase of newspapers’ users on Facebook, while on Twitter this increase was close to an exponential growth. Also the examination of the relationship between the number of users following each newspaper on Facebook and Twitter, and it's ranking based on traffic trends as measured by alexa.com, showed that the relationship between the number of users following each media on Facebook and it's ranking is positive and statistically significant, while the relationship concerning Twitter, although statistically significant, is found to be lower and more variable.
The results of the study provide strong evidence supporting our hypothesis that social networking is related to the evolution of the web traffic, but the two social networking services under study seem to have dissimilar effect.