The drinking water qualities in three countries in the South Pacific Islands, namely Fiji, Tonga ... more The drinking water qualities in three countries in the South Pacific Islands, namely Fiji, Tonga and Kiribati, were examined due to the deteriorating water quality. This paper reports the uses of the seeds of the local plant Moringa oleifera and a few other local seeds, such as peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata), urad (Vigna mungo) and corn (Zea mays) for their effectiveness in water clarification as natural coagulants in water treatment in the South Pacific. Moringa oleifera seeds contain proteins that have active coagulation properties and are being used for turbidity removal in many countries. The quality of the treated water was analyzed and experiments were conducted on different dosages of Moringa oleifera seeds. Determinations of pH, turbidity, hardness as calcium and magnesium, heavy metals and nutrient levels were conducted before and after treatment with Moringa oleifera and other seeds. In this study, Moringa seeds were found to be better than the other seeds in turbidity removal and had greater potential for water purifications than the other seeds tested. The use of the local Moringa seeds for clarification is therefore useful in the purification of drinking water in developing countries, since other chemicals used in water purification are expensive.
between 2013 and 2017. This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of ... more between 2013 and 2017. This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university. To the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference is made in the text.
In this paper, the use of local seeds to improve the quality of drinking water in Fiji was invest... more In this paper, the use of local seeds to improve the quality of drinking water in Fiji was investigated. Analysis of the heavy metals cadmium, copper, chromium, lead and zinc were performed before and after treatment of water with the local seeds Moringa oleifera, Arachis hypogaea (peanuts), Vigna unguiculata (cowpeas), Vigna mungo (urad) and Zea mays (corn). The results showed that Moringa seeds were capable of absorbing the heavy metals tested compared to other seeds in some water samples. The percentage removal by Moringa seeds were 90 % for copper, 80 % for lead, 60 % for cadmium and 50 % for zinc and chromium.
The drinking water qualities in three countries in the South Pacific Islands, namely Fiji, Tonga ... more The drinking water qualities in three countries in the South Pacific Islands, namely Fiji, Tonga and Kiribati, were examined due to the deteriorating water quality. This paper reports the uses of the seeds of the local plant Moringa oleifera and a few other local seeds, such as peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata), urad (Vigna mungo) and corn (Zea mays) for their effectiveness in water clarification as natural coagulants in water treatment in the South Pacific. Moringa oleifera seeds contain proteins that have active coagulation properties and are being used for turbidity removal in many countries. The quality of the treated water was analyzed and experiments were conducted on different dosages of Moringa oleifera seeds. Determinations of pH, turbidity, hardness as calcium and magnesium, heavy metals and nutrient levels were conducted before and after treatment with Moringa oleifera and other seeds. In this study, Moringa seeds were found to be better than the other seeds in turbidity removal and had greater potential for water purifications than the other seeds tested. The use of the local Moringa seeds for clarification is therefore useful in the purification of drinking water in developing countries, since other chemicals used in water purification are expensive.
The drinking water qualities in three countries in the South Pacific Islands, namely Fiji, Tonga ... more The drinking water qualities in three countries in the South Pacific Islands, namely Fiji, Tonga and Kiribati, were examined due to the deteriorating water quality. This paper reports the uses of the seeds of the local plant Moringa oleifera and a few other local seeds, such as peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata), urad (Vigna mungo) and corn (Zea mays) for their effectiveness in water clarification as natural coagulants in water treatment in the South Pacific. Moringa oleifera seeds contain proteins that have active coagulation properties and are being used for turbidity removal in many countries. The quality of the treated water was analyzed and experiments were conducted on different dosages of Moringa oleifera seeds. Determinations of pH, turbidity, hardness as calcium and magnesium, heavy metals and nutrient levels were conducted before and after treatment with Moringa oleifera and other seeds. In this study, Moringa seeds were found to be better than the other seeds in turbidity removal and had greater potential for water purifications than the other seeds tested. The use of the local Moringa seeds for clarification is therefore useful in the purification of drinking water in developing countries, since other chemicals used in water purification are expensive.
Natural Variability In Seawater Carbonate Chemistry At One Tree Island, Australia
Natural variability in seawater carbonate chemistry is common in coral reefs, yet little is known... more Natural variability in seawater carbonate chemistry is common in coral reefs, yet little is known about diurnal and seasonal variability. This is compromising our ability to understand the impacts of ocean acidification on coral reefs and marine organisms. For a 13-day period during austral winter, we have made semi-continuous measurements of seawater pH and alkalinity using a semi-automated UV-VIS pectrophotometric system at two locations at One Tree Island, southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. These data have been complemented with measurements of dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, salinity and tidal height. Seawater pH shows moderately large variability, with a typical and maximum diurnal ranges of 7.89- 8.19 ± 0.005 and 7.75 to 8.31 ± 0.005 (total scale) respectively. Our data show a strong influence of tides, day-night cycle, site location, as well as community structure on the variability of seawater carbonate chemistry. Calculated aragonite saturation state (Ωarag) varies...
In this paper, the use of local seeds to improve the quality of drinking water in Fiji was invest... more In this paper, the use of local seeds to improve the quality of drinking water in Fiji was investigated. Analysis of the heavy metals cadmium, copper, chromium, lead and zinc were performed before and after treatment of water with the local seeds Moringa oleifera, Arachis hypogaea (peanuts), Vigna unguiculata (cowpeas), Vigna mungo (urad) and Zea mays (corn). The results showed that Moringa seeds were capable of absorbing the heavy metals tested compared to other seeds in some water samples. The percentage removal by Moringa seeds were 90 % for copper, 80 % for lead, 60 % for cadmium and 50 % for zinc and chromium.
A simple colorimetric method for determining seawater alkalinity using bromophenol blue
Vikashni Nand was supported through an Australian National University funded Ph.D. scholarship. F... more Vikashni Nand was supported through an Australian National University funded Ph.D. scholarship. Funding support from the Australian Research Council (DP170103067) is also acknowledged.
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