Papers by Galal Abou Khadiga
BMC Veterinary Research
Dietary selenium (Se) sources affects the structure of the rumen microbial community and rumen fe... more Dietary selenium (Se) sources affects the structure of the rumen microbial community and rumen fermentation. This study evaluated the effects of sodium selenite (SS) and bio-nanostructured selenium (SeNSM) on rumen fermentation and structure of rumen microbial community of lactating Barki ewes. Twenty one lactating Barki ewes were assigned into three groups based on their body weight and milk yield. The experiment lasted for 50 days, whenever, the control group was fed basal diet; group SS received basal diets plus sodium selenite as inorganic source of Se; and group SeNSM received basal diet plus organic selenium bio-nanostructured. Ruminal pH and volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) was lower (P < 0.05) in SeNSM group compared to control. Principle Coordinate Analysis separated the microbial communities into three clusters based on feeding treatment. The bacterial community was dominated by phylum Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes that were affected (P < 0.05) by Se sources. Specifically B...
Aquaculture International
The current trial was designed to evaluate the positive impacts of different feed additives singl... more The current trial was designed to evaluate the positive impacts of different feed additives singly or in combination on the growth performance, nutritional parameters, intestinal histology, and gene expression of some growth and fat metabolism-related genes in the liver tissue of Nile tilapia. The experimented fish were allocated into eight groups in a glass aquarium (10 fish/aquarium in triplicate) with Pediococcus acidilactici, nanozeolites, and/or medium-chain fatty acid additives. The studied treatments were control (T0), nanozeolite (T1), Pediococcus (T2), medium-chain fatty acid (T3), nanozeolite + Pediococcus (T4), nanozeolite + medium-chain fatty acid (T5), Pediococcus + medium-chain fatty acid (T6), and nanozeolite + Pediococcus + medium-chain fatty acid (T7). The results of the growth and nutritional parameters (i.e., final body weight, total weight gain, feed intake, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio) of tilapia-fed diets supplement...
Scientific Reports, Dec 19, 2023
For human consumption, fish is a good and affordable source of several crucial elements. Growing ... more For human consumption, fish is a good and affordable source of several crucial elements. Growing aquaculture management and output is always necessary. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of probiotics, nano zeolite, and/or medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) on fish health and the chemical composition of the fish body. The experimental fish were distributed into eight groups. T1: Control group fed the basal diet without feed additives, T2: Nano zeolite at a rate of 2 mg/kg diet, T3: Pedococcus at a rate of 2 gm kg diet, T4: Medium chain fatty acids used according to produced company recommendation at a rate of 3.5 gm/kg diet, T5: Nano zeolite (2 mg/kg diet) + Pedococcus (2 mg/kg diet), T6: Nano zeolite (2 mg/kg diet) + Medium chain fatty acids (3.5 gm/kg diet), T7: Pedococcus (2 mg/kg diet) + Medium chain fatty acids (3.5 gm/kg diet), and T8: Nano zeolite (2 mg/kg diet) + Pedococcus (2 mg/kg diet) + Medium chain fatty acids (3.5 gm/kg diet). The obtained results showed an insignificant difference in the body composition of Nile tilapia fish fed feed additives alone or in combination. Moreover, the feed additives did not affect the health status of fish, as indicated by normal liver and kidney functions.
Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Science, Apr 30, 2024
HE current study aimed to investigate the effect of successive short bursts of warming for 0, 5, ... more HE current study aimed to investigate the effect of successive short bursts of warming for 0, 5, and 10h (SPIDES) during egg storage periods (7 and 14 days) on the hatchability %, chick's quality and post-hatching bird's performance among two chicken breeds, Fayoumi and Avian-34. Accordingly, 6300 fertilized eggs (3150 eggs from each breed) were randomly distributed in to 2x2x3 experimental design (2 breeds, 2 storage periods, & 3 warming times) with 5 replicates/ treatment. Eggs' warming was frequently repeated every 3 days for 0, 5, and 10h (SPIDES). The main findings indicated significant reductions of egg weights and increases of egg weight losses with the increase of egg storage and the warming times during storage. The highest egg weight losses were reported for Fayoumi's eggs stored for 7-or 14-days and exposed to frequent SPIDES for 10h as well as Avian-34's eggs stored for 7-days and warmed for 10h. Marked improvements of hatchability % in both Fayoumi, and Avian-34 breeds were recorded following the exposure to frequent SPIDES for 0 and 5h. Additionally, distinct enhancements of post-hatching performance were reported. Chicks hatched from eggs stored for longer periods and exposed to SPIDES possessed less post-hatching weights (W0) in Avian-34 and Fayoumi compared to those directly incubated without warming during storage. However, those chicks succeeded to attain significant heavier body weights at 35 days old. The best post-hatching growth performance was reported for chicks hatched from eggs exposed to 5h of successive warming every three days during storage.
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of three strains of pigeons (the Loca... more This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of three strains of pigeons (the Local Egyptian pigeon, the Zagel pigeon, and the White Myrthes pigeon. A total number of 475 birds from the three strains were used to study live body weight at hatch, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of age, and at sexual maturity, as well as growth rate between 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, and 0-4 weeks of age. The results of body weight showed that Zagel and White Myrthes pigeons are superior to Local Egyptian pigeon in hatch weight and body weight at 7 days old then White Myrthes became the heaviest in later ages, while Local Egyptian pigeons was the lightest in all ages. Growth rate recorded the highest values in the first week of age (162-163 g) then decreased gradually to reach the minimum rate between 21 to 28 days old. White Myrthes has significantly faster growth during the whole period of study from hatch to 4 weeks of age (TGR). Estimates of heritability for body weights and growth rate showed moderate heritability expect for growth rate in the third week of age. The estimates ranged from 0.21 to 0.28 and from 0.09 to 0.28, for body weight and growth rate, respectively. Phenotypic correlations among body weight traits and growth rate traits were mostly high and positive which ranged between 0.63 to 0.82 and 0.12 to 0.77, respectively. Genetic correlation between the same traits were positive and ranged between 0.70 to 0.96 for body weight and 0.20 to 0.88 for growth rate. From the current results, White Myrthes strain was superior in most of the studied traits which give the possibility to involve it in future genetic programs for improving pigeon growth traits.
Effect of Cultivar and Growth Regulator on In vitro Micropropagation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L)
The present investigation was carried out aiming to develop a technique for rapid in vitro microp... more The present investigation was carried out aiming to develop a technique for rapid in vitro micropropagation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) plants. Nodal explants prepared from proliferating shoots of established axenic cultures of four potato cultivars viz Diamant, Alpha, Almera and Agria were used. Explants were incubated on agar solidified (0.8% g) Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium containing 3% sucrose and supplemented with different concentrations of thiadizuron (TDZ) and benzylaminopurine (BA) alone or in combinations with a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA).Cultivars studied showed wide variation in their response to the plant growth regulators, best results being obtained for the cultivar Almera. Nodal explants responses to BA and TDZ were cultivar-dependent for number of shoot per explant. The highest number (5.4 shoots/explant) of shoots per explant was obtained for Almera explant cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l TDZ in combination with 0.1 mg/l NAA. Regene...
Comparison of dietary supplementation of sodium selenite and bio-nanostructured selenium on nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites, antioxidant status, milk production, and lamb performance of Barki ewes
Animal Feed Science and Technology
Genetic analysis of partial egg production records in Japanese quail using random regression models
Poultry Science, 2017
&NA; The main objectives of this study were to detect the most appropriate random regression ... more &NA; The main objectives of this study were to detect the most appropriate random regression model (RRM) to fit the data of monthly egg production in 2 lines (selected and control) of Japanese quail and to test the consistency of different criteria of model choice. Data from 1,200 female Japanese quails for the first 5 months of egg production from 4 consecutive generations of an egg line selected for egg production in the first month (EP1) was analyzed. Eight RRMs with different orders of Legendre polynomials were compared to determine the proper model for analysis. All criteria of model choice suggested that the adequate model included the second‐order Legendre polynomials for fixed effects, and the third‐order for additive genetic effects and permanent environmental effects. Predictive ability of the best model was the highest among all models (&rgr; = 0.987). According to the best model fitted to the data, estimates of heritability were relatively low to moderate (0.10 to 0.17) showed a descending pattern from the first to the fifth month of production. A similar pattern was observed for permanent environmental effects with greater estimates in the first (0.36) and second (0.23) months of production than heritability estimates. Genetic correlations between separate production periods were higher (0.18 to 0.93) than their phenotypic counterparts (0.15 to 0.87). The superiority of the selected line over the control was observed through significant (P < 0.05) linear contrast estimates. Significant (P < 0.05) estimates of covariate effect (age at sexual maturity) showed a decreased pattern with greater impact on egg production in earlier ages (first and second months) than later ones. A methodology based on random regression animal models can be recommended for genetic evaluation of egg production in Japanese quail.
Correlated response to selection for some egg performance traits in egg line of Japanese quail
Animal Production Science, 2016
Estimation of correlated response to selection in female line of Japanese quail after a short-ter... more Estimation of correlated response to selection in female line of Japanese quail after a short-term selection experiment was conducted. The total number of 547 female (275 selected and 272 control) Japanese quail included in the selection experiment of selection depended on aggregate breeding values based on animal model Best Linear Unbiased Prediction. Correlated selection response estimates were favourable for all the studied traits and significant (–0.38, –9.89, –12.86, –16.64, –5.08 and –8.24) for first egg weight (FEW), age at the first 10 eggs (AGE10), age at first 30 eggs (AGE30), age at first 60 eggs (AGE60), days needed to produce the first 30 eggs (DN30) and the first 60 eggs (DN60), respectively. Estimates of heritability were moderate for egg mass for the first 10 eggs (EM10), the first 30 eggs (EM30), the first 60 eggs (EM60), AGE10 and AGE30 (0.17–0.30), but low for AGE60, DN30 and DN60 (0.01–0.10). Genetic correlations between the selection criteria traits (AFE, BWSM a...
Poultry Science, 2016
The objective of the current study was to evaluate a multi-trait selection program based on aggre... more The objective of the current study was to evaluate a multi-trait selection program based on aggregated breeding values using an animal model Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) in Japanese quail. The estimated genetic gain was compared by both mixed model and least squares methods. Data of 1,682 female Japanese quails were collected through four consecutive generations to estimate genetic gain, depending on aggregated breeding values, for age at first egg (AFE), body weight at sexual maturity (BW SM), and days needed to produce the first ten eggs (DN 10). Estimates of cumulative selection response were favorable for all the studied traits and significant for AFE (-3.03) and BW SM (10.38), but not significant for DN 10 (-0.15). Estimates of direct heritability were moderate for AFE (0.21) and BW SM (0.25) but low for DN 10 (0.08), while estimates of maternal heritability were moderate for AFE (0.19) but low for BW SM (0.04) and DN 10 (0.01). High (0.45 to 0.56) genetic and low (-0.01 to-0.18) phenotypic correlations were observed among the studied traits. Negative (-0.23 to-0.95) correlations between additive genetic and maternal genetic effects were observed for all traits. Genetic trends were-0.76 (P = 0.031), 2.54 (P = 0.037), and-0.06 (P = 0.052) with calculated product-moment correlations between breeding values, estimated by BLUP and phenotypic selection methods, of 0.78 (P = 0.002), 0.77 (P = 0.004), and 0.61 (P = 0.007) for AFE, BW SM , and DN 10 , respectively. Aggregated breeding value estimation based on animal model BLUP could be an effective method of constructing a selection program to achieve a favorable selection response in egg production traits in Japanese quail.
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal, 2014
using a total number of 4923 birds of three successive hatches as a base population producing 655... more using a total number of 4923 birds of three successive hatches as a base population producing 655 females (333 for the selected line and 322 for the random bred control line) through four successive generations. The main results are summarized as follows: 1. There were significant differences due to generation effect for all BW's tested and all egg production-related traits studied, except at BW 35 and AGE 30. All BW's from 7 up to 35 days of age and all egg production-related traits-except BW 1-were significantly affected by line favouring the selected line compared to the control line. 2. In the control line, average phenotypic response per generation for ASM and AGE 10 showed fluctuations over generations, estimated by regression of phenotypic means on generation numbers were significantly positive for ASM and AGE 10 (2.17 and 2.18 days). Significant positive changes for BW's at seven, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of age being 0.79, 4.55, 6.84, 7.58 and 4.36g, respectively and AGE 30 (1.96 days) however, negative significant changes were shown for EM 10, EM 30 and EM 60 (-3.10,-9.69 and-15.96g). 3. In the selected line, the average phenotypic response per generation of multi-trait selection index estimated by the regression of generation means on generation number in ASM, BW SM , DN 10 and AGE 10 were significantly negative being-0.86 day,-3.30g,-0.25 day and-0.99 day, respectively, but was positive for BW 14 (+1.97g). 4. Negative correlated significant changes were shown for all egg production-related studied traits (EM 30 , EM 60 , DN 30 , DN 60 , AGE 30 and AGE 60 being-3.98,-8.55,-1.41,-3.26,-2.06 and-4.07, respectively), except EM 10 (1.75g, P≤0.01). The average genetic response per generation in ASM, BW SM , DN 10 and AGE 10 were-3.74days,-3.06g,-0.22day and-4.12 days, respectively.
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
The current experiment was carried out to compare REML-based to ANOVA-based methods (Griffing, Co... more The current experiment was carried out to compare REML-based to ANOVA-based methods (Griffing, Cockerham, Henderson) in estimation of crossbreeding genetic parameters in chicken experiments. The current experiment involved a full 4*4 diallel crossing among four Egyptian breeds (Alexandria (AA), Fayoumi (FF), Matrouh (MM) and Golden Montazah (GG). The studied traits were body weight at hatch (BWH), body weight at 4 weeks of age (BW4), body weight at 8 weeks of age (BW8) and body weight at 12 weeks of age (BW12). The general comparison among models showed the superiority of REML-based method, especially in prediction ability with significant difference. A close comparison between REML and Griffing methods showed consistency between both methods with the advantage of accurate estimation and prediction ability of the REML-based method. The analysis of the empirical data showed the superiority of the AA line in general combining ability (GCA). The genotypes of MG, FM and AG showed the highest specific combining ability (SCA) in the end of the experiment at 12 weeks of age.
world-rabbit-science.com
Five genetic groups of rabbits were produced in a crossbreeding experiment involving the Spanish ... more Five genetic groups of rabbits were produced in a crossbreeding experiment involving the Spanish synthetic maternal line V, Egyptian Baladi Black (BB), their first reciprocal crosses (F1) and the second generation (F2) by inter se mating of the F1 to evaluate their body weight (BW) and daily weight gain (DG) from weaning (4 weeks) to marketing (12 weeks). A total of 2622 rabbits coming from 24 sires and 114 dams (892 purebred and 1730 crossbred progeny) were controlled to evaluate these genotypes. The study was conducted through two successive years during the first four parities of 114 dams. Statistical model included the fixed effects of animal genotype, year-season, parity order and sex along with the random effect of environmental common litter effects and additive genetic values. Crossbreeding genetic parameters (direct and maternal additive effects, direct and maternal heterosis) were estimated. Highly significant differences (P<0.001) were detected for all fixed effects on all traits. Estimates of crossbreeding genetic parameters showed a superiority of line V fryers compared with other genotypes, and Baladi Black had the poorest performance. Estimates of direct heterosis (7 to 11.8%) and maternal heterosis (-0.4 to 7.4%) mainly showed significant positive effects for crossing on growth traits. Estimates of direct and maternal genetic effects showed a positive pattern in favor of line V. The growth traits were significantly affected by direct genetic effects. The maternal effects were less important. These results suggest that applying crossing between line V and Baladi Black rabbits could be an effective breeding method for producing fryers superior in growth traits in Egypt.
Data of the present study were obtained on a total of 2502 birds of purebred (1300) and crossbred... more Data of the present study were obtained on a total of 2502 birds of purebred (1300) and crossbred (1202) birds of two differently selected Japanese quail lines (paternal and maternal), as well as their reciprocal crosses. The studied traits were weekly body weight from hatch up to 6 th week of age, body weight (BWSM) and age at sexual maturity (ASM) of females, egg number for the first 50 days of production (EN50) and degree of sexual dimorphism for body weight (DSD) weekly from hatch to 6 th week of age. The crossbreeding effects (heterosis, direct additive, maternal additive) were estimated for all traits. Fixed effects (line, sex and hatch) and their possible interactions were included in the models to analyze the studied traits. Line differences were significant for all traits. Paternal line showed expected significant (P<0.05) superiority over the rest of the genetic groups for body weight traits. Both crossbreds showed significantly (P<0.05) better performance in ASM, EN50 and DSD than their purebred parents. Degree of sexual dimorphism (DSD) for body weight was significant (P<0.05) at later ages at 5 th and 6 th weeks but not apparent earlier in the whole experiment. Both sex and hatch significantly (P<0.05) affected body weight traits, except the effect of sex on hatch weight. Hatch effect was significant (P<0.05) on BWSM, ASM and EN50. Direct heterosis was almost significant (P<0.05) for all traits, except for WH though generally negative for body weight traits, while it was positive and significant for EN50 and most of DSD traits. Direct additive and maternal additive effects were significant (P<0.05) for most traits, except for WH, ASM and EN50, where only direct addtive effect estimates were significant. DSD traits showed inconsistent effects and trends for both direct and maternal additive effects. Impact of additive rather than maternal effects were clear in most traits. Generally, it could be concluded that crossbreeding between one paternal line with another maternal line had negative heterotic effects on body
A selection experiment was conducted at the Poultry Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayo... more A selection experiment was conducted at the Poultry Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University using a total number of 4923 birds of three successive hatches as a base population producing 655 females (333 for the selected line and 322 for the random bred control line) through four successive generations. The main results are summarized as follows:
The main objectives of this study were to detect the most appropriate random regression model (RR... more The main objectives of this study were to detect the most appropriate random regression model (RRM) to fit the data of monthly egg production in 2 lines (selected and control) of Japanese quail and to test the consistency of different criteria of model choice. Data from 1,200 female Japanese quails for the first 5 months of egg production from 4 consecutive generations of an egg line selected for egg production in the first month (EP1) was analyzed. Eight RRMs with different orders of Legendre polynomials were compared to determine the proper model for analysis. All criteria of model choice suggested that the adequate model included the second-order Legendre polynomials for fixed effects, and the third-order for additive genetic effects and permanent environmental effects. Predictive ability of the best model was the highest among all models (ρ = 0.987). According to the best model fitted to the data, estimates of heritability were relatively low to moderate (0.10 to 0.17) showed a descending pattern from the first to the fifth month of production. A similar pattern was observed for permanent environmental effects with greater estimates in the first (0.36) and second (0.23) months of production than heritability estimates. Genetic correlations between separate production periods were higher (0.18 to 0.93) than their phenotypic counterparts (0.15 to 0.87). The superiority of the selected line over the control was observed through significant (P < 0.05) linear contrast estimates. Significant (P < 0.05) estimates of covariate effect (age at sexual maturity) showed a decreased pattern with greater impact on egg production in earlier ages (first and second months) than later ones. A methodology based on random regression animal models can be recommended for genetic evaluation of egg production in Japanese quail.
Estimation of correlated response to selection in female line of Japanese quail after a short-ter... more Estimation of correlated response to selection in female line of Japanese quail after a short-term selection experiment was conducted. The total number of 547 female (275 selected and 272 control) Japanese quail included in the selection experiment of selection depended on aggregate breeding values based on animal model Best Linear Unbiased Prediction. Correlated selection response estimates were favourable for all the studied traits and significant (-0.38, -9.89, -12.86, -16.64, -5.08 and -8.24) for first egg weight (FEW), age at the first 10 eggs (AGE 10 ), age at first 30 eggs (AGE 30 ), age at first 60 eggs (AGE 60 ), days needed to produce the first 30 eggs (DN 30 ) and the first 60 eggs (DN 60 ), respectively. Estimates of heritability were moderate for egg mass for the first 10 eggs (EM 10 ), the first 30 eggs (EM 30 ), the first 60 eggs (EM 60 ), AGE 10 and AGE 30 (0.17-0.30), but low for AGE 60 , DN 30 and DN 60 (0.01-0.10). Genetic correlations between the selection criteria traits (AFE, BW SM and DN 10 ) and the studied egg production traits were positive and ranged from 0.25 to 0.97, 0.24 to 0.95 and 0.06 to 0.98 for AFE, BW SM and DN 10 , respectively, whereas phenotypic correlations ranged from 0.12 to 0.89, 0.01 to 0.34 and 0.06 to 0.87 for the same traits. The favourable genetic response obtained for egg traits could be an indicator for improving egg production performance in Japanese quail.
The objective of the current study was to evaluate a multi-trait selection program based on aggre... more The objective of the current study was to evaluate a multi-trait selection program based on aggregated breeding values using an animal model Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) in Japanese quail. The estimated genetic gain was compared by both mixed model and least squares methods. Data of 1,682 female Japanese quails were collected through four consecutive generations to estimate genetic gain, depending on aggregated breeding values, for age at first egg (AFE), body weight at sexual maturity (BW SM ), and days needed to produce the first ten eggs (DN 10 ). Estimates of cumulative selection response were favorable for all the studied traits and significant for AFE (-3.03) and BW SM (10.38), but not significant for DN 10 (-0.15). Estimates of direct heritability were moderate for AFE (0.21) and BW SM (0.25) but low for DN 10 (0.08), while estimates of maternal heritability were moderate for AFE (0.19) but low for BW SM (0.04) and DN 10 (0.01). High (0.45 to 0.56) genetic and low (-0.01 to -0.18) phenotypic correlations were observed among the studied traits. Negative (-0.23 to -0.95) correlations between additive genetic and maternal genetic effects were observed for all traits. Genetic trends were -0.76 (P = 0.031), 2.54 (P = 0.037), and -0.06 (P = 0.052) with calculated product-moment correlations between breeding values, estimated by BLUP and phenotypic selection methods, of 0.78 (P = 0.002), 0.77 (P = 0.004), and 0.61 (P = 0.007) for AFE, BW SM , and DN 10 , respectively. Aggregated breeding value estimation based on animal model BLUP could be an effective method of constructing a selection program to achieve a favorable selection response in egg production traits in Japanese quail.
World Rabbit …, 2010
An analysis was carried out to evaluate the results of the selection program of a new synthetic m... more An analysis was carried out to evaluate the results of the selection program of a new synthetic maternal line of Egyptian APRI rabbits and the Spanish V line. The selection criterion was litter weaning weight in both lines based on Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) estimations under a repeatability animal model. The studied traits were: litter birth weight, litter weaning weight (at 28 d) and pre-weaning litter gain. Heritability estimates were generally low (0.09 to 0.11) and comparable in both lines. Low to moderate estimates of repeatability were observed for all studied traits (0.15 to 0.31). Estimates of genetic correlations were high (0.77 to 0.97), while permanent environmental effects correlations were mostly lower than genetic correlations (0.47 to 0.87). The genetic trends were also estimated using mixed model methodology and were signifi cant and comparable (34.2 and 32.5 g) for the selected trait (litter weaning weight) in APRI and V lines, respectively. Furthermore, correlated genetic trends were signifi cant ( P<0.05) for other litter weight traits. These results indicate that the current selection program has been effective in achieving genetic improvement in litter weight traits.
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Papers by Galal Abou Khadiga