Dermatology

ABSTRAc.'T. The study was conducted on 42 adult male Wistar rats, receiving a daily IP injection of: I) 0.2 ml saline, in control group (n = 6). 2) 0.2 mI saline in stress group (5-GP) (n = 18). 3) 400 Ilg/kg perindopril, in perindopril pretreatment stress group (P-P 5-Gp) (n = 18). After 3 weeks, animals in group 2 & 3 were each equally subdivided and subjected to short term modalities of stress: Heat & Light (H&L-5), (n = 6), Cold (C-5), (n = 6) and immobilization & Immersion (1&1-5), (n = 6). The sequelae of these were firstly assessed on some behavioural activities, then on some neuroendocrinal responses and subsidiary testicular histopathological changes, instantaneously after decapitation. Results revealed that P-P H&L-5 prevented the significant changes in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), testosterone and non-social investigations' and significantly decreased, but to lesser extent, the elevation in norepinephrine (\liE), yet did not prevent the significant alterations in dopamine (DA), cortisol and displacement, induced by H&L-5, in comparison to control. Meanwhile, this pretreatment increased significantly the social investigations and 5HT in comparison to control. On the other hand, P-P C-5 prevented the significant changes in NE and threat induced by C-5, yet it significantly increased social investigations, in comparison to control. However, P-P 1&1-5 prevented the significant changes in prolactin (PRL) and non social investigations and significantly decreased, to a lesser extent, the changes in NE, DA, ACTH, cortisol, testosterone and defence, but pertained the significant elevation in 5HT, induced by 1&1-5, in comparison to control. Meanwhile, this pretreatment significantly increased social investigations and decreased displacement in comparison to control. No testicular histopathological changes were inflicted by 5-Gps or modulated by P-P5 Gps.

Background: Stable vitiligo and lesions with depigmented hairs, indicating the depletion of the melanocyte reservoir in the hair follicle, mostly fail to repigment by conservative therapies. In these cases, surgical techniques may be indicated but are often time-consuming and lead to undesired effects. Objectives: Evaluation of the transplantation of non-cultured melanocytes by two methods versus dermabrasion and thin split thickness skin grafting in cases of non progressive leukoderma. Patients: 30 patients with non progressive leukoderma. Methods: • Dermabrasion and thin split thickness skin grafting in 10 patients • Autologous grafting with non cultured melanocyte suspension and this suspension was injected into liquid nitrogen induced blisters in 10 patients and was applied to the dermabraded depigmented skin in another 10 patients.

BackgroundTinea capitis is the most common pediatric dermatophyte infection. Optimal treatment regimen differs according to the type of the dermatophyte involved.ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to study the trichoscopic signs in relation to isolated organism in a sample of Egyptian patients with tinea capitis and the possibility of using them as a guide for selection of appropriate antifungal.MethodsThis study was carried out on 60 subjects with tinea capitis. Patients were mycologically examined, both direct microscopy with KOH preparation and culture of the scraped hair materials on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Culture mounts were used for identification of the organism. Trichoscopic examination of all patients was performed using the Dermlite DLIII dermoscope.ResultsThere was significant higher prevalence of both comma and corkscrew hair in endothrix infection and T. violaceum‐infected cases. On the other hand, there was significant higher prevalence of zigzag, barcode hairs, and ...

Background Tinea capitis is the most common pediatric dermatophyte infection. Optimal treatment regimen differs according to the type of the dermatophyte involved. Objectives The aim of this work was to study the trichoscopic signs in relation to isolated organism in a sample of Egyptian patients with tinea capitis and the possibility of using them as a guide for selection of appropriate antifungal. Methods This study was carried out on 60 subjects with tinea capitis. Patients were mycologically examined, both direct microscopy with KOH preparation and culture of the scraped hair materials on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Culture mounts were used for identification of the organism. Trichoscopic examination of all patients was performed using the Dermlite DLIII dermoscope. Results There was significant higher prevalence of both comma and corkscrew hair in endothrix infection and T. violaceum-infected cases. On the other hand, there was significant higher prevalence of zigzag, barcode hairs, and white sheaths in ectothrix infection and M. canis-infected cases. Conclusion While some trichoscopic findings are nonspecific, others were found to be more specific. Finding zigzag hairs and barcode hairs points to ectothrix infection (M. canis), and it is recommended to start treatment with griseofulvin. On the other hand, finding comma hairs and corkscrew hairs without zigzag hairs and barcode hairs points to endothrix infection (T. violaceum), and it is recommended to start treatment with terbinafine in the usual dose. Patients This prospective study was carried out on 60 patients with tinea capitis after excluding patients with concomitant causes of hair loss and those who used any topical or systemic treatment for tinea capitis during the last month prior to the study.

Background: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disorder associated with human herpesvirus 8 infection. Classic KS is the most prevalent type of KS in countries of the Mediterranean basin including Egypt. Several in vitro studies have detected c-kit expression in AIDS related-KS however, only a few studies addressed this issue in the classic type with no data on the ethnicity of studied cases. The prospect of installing targeted anti-c-kit treatment to KS patients presents a promising avenue in KS therapeutics. Aim: To elucidate the expression of c-kit in classic KS cases and study possible relations with expression of HHV8 latency-associated nuclear antigen-1 (LANA-1) and other clinicopathological parameters. Methods: Twenty four cases of classic KS of the plaque and nodular stages in the lower limb were studied. Immunohistochemical detection of HHV8-LANA-1 and c-kit was carried out on archival paraffin embedded tissue, possession of the Pathology and Dermatology Departments, Alexandria School Of Medicine, Egypt. Statistical analysis of possible relations between both antigens and clinicopathological parameters (patient's age and gender and histological stage) was performed.

Background. Biological mechanisms contribute to the relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure and infertility in males by altering semen quality. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of PAHs on male infertility using the sperm chromatin dispersion test (Halo sperm assay). Methods. Sixty-six (66) infertile males under 45 years of age were examined for the determination of urinary metabolite and oxidative stress by measuring lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of glutathione and glutathione-s-transferase, as well as hormonal activity of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone and prolactin and semen quality. Results. There was an increased level of urinary metabolite of 1-hydroxy pyrene, 1-hydroxy naphthalene and 2-hydroxy naphthalene in the urine of the infertile group. In addition, elevated concentrations of malondialdehyde coincided with a decreased level of antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress in the infertile group. Semen samples showed 30% sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation. Conclusions. The data provide strong evidence of a statistical threshold for semen samples containing 30% sperm DNA fragmentation resulting in a reduced level of pregnancy success.

The aim of the present study was to assess the frequency of Y-chromosome microdeletions and C677T polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene in a sample of Egyptian men with nonobstructive azoospermia. Patients and methods This was a case-control study carried out using a PCR-RELP assay in 107 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia and 107 healthy fertile individuals who served as controls. Results Y-chromosome microdeletions were detected in 11 (10.3%) patients. There was no significant difference between patients and controls in the MTHFR C677T genotype distribution and allele frequencies (P = 0.507). Conclusion Y-chromosome microdeletions play an important role in the development of nonobstructive azoospermia and there is no evident relation between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and development of nonobstructive azoospermia.