Xgau SezThese are questions submitted by readers, and answered by Robert Christgau. New ones will appear in batches every third Tuesday. To ask your own question, please use this form. September 17, 2025African American science fiction, Eno before and after rocking, where (or who) in the world is Stephen Malkmus, first musical loves, variants of the art-rock mindset, and listening without prejudice. [Q] Any recommendations for African American science fiction novels? -- Amy, Taiwan [A]
Two of the most renowned science fiction novelists are Black. One is
the also quite feminist Octavia E. Butler (I've read Wild Seed
and Kindred, which I admired though they didn't stick with
me—this was well over a decade ago). The other is Harlem native
Samuel R. Delany, a great. The acknowledged classics are Stars in
My Pocket Like Grains of Sand and
The Motion of Light in Water. Plus
there's the wonderful East Village memoir Heavenly Breakfast. Delany
is gay and writes about it sometimes. He's 83. I deal with him at some
length in
Book Reports.
[Q] Hello Sir, After recently streaming the wonderful new documentary film ENO, I immersed myself in his catalog of solo albums and collaborations and most of them sounded better than ever to my ears. I found two in particular to be absolute gems: 1973's No Pussyfooting credited to Fripp/Eno and 1983's solo Ambient 4: On Land. Checking your website, you gave both of these albums B+ grades so I'd like to ask if you have listened to either of them lately and if so has your evaluation changed? If not, I'd highly recommend you give them a spin when you can. I agree Another Green World is Eno's masterpiece but I'd be surprised if you didn't agree that these two albums are almost as good. Hope you are doing well. -- Tarun Bahaj, NYC [A]
I have not encountered the film but will keep an eye out for
it. Another Green World is the only Eno album I play anything
like regularly—I mean, I own something like over 10,000 CDs not
to mention LPs, so give me a break. But your letter inspired me to
return for at least four-five tracks to
Taking Tiger Mountain,
Before and After Science,
and
Here Come the Warm Jets.
They all sounded good, but (as I'd anticipated) Warm Jets was
tops. Rocked a little more, for one thing.
[Q] What did you think of the Pavement movie? Appreciate you getting me into Pavement so I could enjoy it for the nostalgia as well as the delightfully weird meta elements. -- Griffin Han-Lalime, Damariscotta, Maine [A]
Structurally, I found the film abstractly experimental in a mostly
impressive but sometimes overly experimental way. Its operative
conceit is an interesting one: that it's a semi-fictional or
play-acted music doc. Found myself unsure at times where or who
exactly Malkmus was. Was nonetheless glad that I saw it, just as a
film.
[Q] Hi Bob, hoping you and yours are well. What do you make of the notion that our first musical love is eternal? I reckon it's impossible to truly view anything in a vacuum, as lived experience necessarily dictates personal preference, but do you find any particular difficulty in remaining impartial about the music that reared you? -- Ryan Abraham, Muskegon, Michigan [A]
I'm not familiar with this truism, but it's sensible enough—up
to a point. Among my early faves I certainly remember buying remember
buying Doris Day's "Secret Love" and via my Aunt Mildred a
Platters album while at the same
time enjoying my parents' 78 of
Fats Waller's "All That Meat and
No Potatoes," which in an early book dedication I mistook for "One
Meat Ball." For sure I still enjoy them all. But that doesn't mean I
regard any of them as titanic or foundational.
[Q] I've been thinking about your comment in your 2024 year-end essay, about the dearth of catchy songs with good beats in Pitchfork's year-end: "it could also be that America's greatest gift to world culture is going out of style." Have there been other periods when you've wondered anything like this? Is the worry limited to American music and culture specifically? I find more catchy songs/good beats than ever before, but the vast majority come from outside of the United States. This seems different, even as a longtime globally curious listener. -- Dave Moore, Philadelphia [A]
That clause was intended as a mild dig at the current manifestation of
Pitchfork, which without having done a statistical breakdown
certainly seems to be tending toward a less songful and more abstract
aesthetic than I prefer, probably in the hope of nurturing a less
fun-prone, more snobbish editorial identity and hence market. Not that
this isn't the editors' true aesthetic penchant. But I've been poking
holes in variants of the art-rock mindset for most of my career.
[Q] You've mentioned you still give the occasional listen to new albums by artists you don't necessarily love but respect or have a personal connection to a la Paul McCartney. But what about artists you "turned against"; did you give a spin to the Who's most recent album from a couple years back? After a series of bad reviews, do you still give a spin (or stream) to new records by Nick Lowe? Cheap Trick? Or to groups you once dug but haven't officially reviewed in some time such as Elvis Costello, the Pretenders, or Elton John? Obviously, you spend less time with "classic rock" survivors now that commercial considerations don't play into it, but how curious are you to artists you obviously spent some time on in the past who may have irritated or bored you in recent years? -- James K, Queens [A]
I hold no grudge against "classic rock" on the level you posit, and
would almost certainly give new albums by almost every artist you name
a spin. All are clearly talented. But whether their aesthetic retains
sufficient vitality is another matter. How many such albums would I
get to the end of? I truly couldn't say. Most, probably, but people
run out of gas, artists and critics both.
August 20, 2025Thoughts on AI, advice to young critic, the Angry Samoans as dinner music, "It's Only Rock 'n' Roll" as ASMR, the road to humane politics, and 21 Louis Armstrong albums in no particular order. [Q] I've always appreciated how you find unique ways to "unlock" music, and I often revisit your back catalogue to refresh my ears on records I love (for ex, your wry point about early Steely Dan: Palmer's singing "fit[ting] in like a cheerleader at a crap game" is on-point, though you've forever ruined my enjoyment of "Dirty Work":)) Another fave of mine is your quip about the Strokes' fourth album: "You know how it is—the gym does more for your wind than for your jump shot"—a splendidly abstruse (and apt) line! It's in these touches where I believe real value/artistry in criticism occurs. That said, I wonder what you think AI will reap in this particular context. Have you toyed with the tech at all? On a lark, I've asked it to imitate distinct prose stylists (Hem, DFW, etc.) & find that it can capture overt staples, but clumsily so; I had it imitate your style, and it broadly "got" you in certain touches, but somehow had you praising an Aimee Mann record. Your thoughts on AI and "unique voice"? -- Jason Holtzman, Gainesville, Florida [A]
As a well-read, self-taught writer who's spent his professional life
looking inside himself and figuring out whether and how the good
feeling the melody or timbre or beat or verbal
intellection/humor/expressiveness of a compelling track arouses in me
entails physical pleasure, fresh insight, incisive humor, affecting
emotion, and now I'll stop until somebody pays me money—good
money—to excavate further, I'm extremely skeptical regarding
AI. For one thing, human writers have bodies. AI is certainly aware of
this inconvenient fact. But that doesn't mean it has the proper
physical equipment to understand what it means. AI, it's called,
right? Intelligence does not happen in the body. It happens in the
cerebellum, which AI presumably knows as opposed to understands is a
different thing without having the intellectual wherewithal to "know"
just exactly how it's different.
[Q] As a young person that loves music and is very opinionated, I want to review albums and be a critic. What words of advice would you give to a young writer, or what advice would you give to your younger self? -- Reagan Bussey, Starkville Mississippi [A]
First, don't kid yourself about the raw appeal of your prose. Be
relatively confident that some people out there enjoy your writing AS
WRITING. Second, don't fib about how much you yourself like or dislike
the music in question, and even more important, why you feel the way
you do. If the reasons aren't vivid or interesting or significant or
striking or of general social/aesthetic usefulness, review something
else.
[Q] Whatever is to become of the Angry Samoans? Will humankind be able to appreciate the quick tempos, playful tunes, and clever outrageousness of Back From Samoa ever again? -- Benjamin Barnes, Springs, Pennsylvania [Q] In your review of Emotional Rescue you wonder aloud if this album wouldn't sound more interesting than It's Only Rock 'n' Roll should we take the time to compare/contrast in our respective retirement communities. I commend you for thinking you'd ever retire. Naturally, this thing of ours keeps pulling you back in. But in 2025, I wonder how all the post-Exile albums hold up to you and especially when compared to one another. You were spot on about Wyman coming down front and center like he's James Jamerson throughout ER. The loudness wars felt in the Universal remasters (on CD, at least) often hurt the air in the Stones' sound. Listen to "Beast of Burden" to hear it sounding rushed and unnatural in its over-compressed state. Maybe because the songs aren't as great on ER, they benefit significantly from this approach. Wyman-Watts never sound more needed to making this material work. The needle hasn't moved as much for IORR in its remastered form. Your serve. -- Rob O'Connor, Hurley, New York [A]
I just put on It's Only Rock 'n' Roll when it was time for my
nap—on Spotify, admittedly, wrestling vinyl out of my industrial
shelves is not for 83-year-olds and the R's are especially
awkward. Dozed off for a while, woke up, wondered briefly what that
was because until I truly awakened I didn't know. Initial conclusion:
no Exile, no Now! Duh. Subsequent analysis: I will never
play it again. As for Emotional Rescue, I'll stick with what I
said when assessing
Dirty Work the best album
the Stones came up with post-Some Girls:
"it peters out quicker than the
side-openers make you hope." And FYI, rerating albums can get
pretty tiresome.
[Q] If there had been no influence of Christianity, do you think you would have become a left-wing intellectual? -- Brian Eastman, UK [A]
I try never to downgrade how crucial growing up in a fundamentalist
church not just was but HAD TO BE as regards what became of me. But I
don't think fundamentalist notions of charity, which are real up to a
point, led me on the road to humane politics. My younger brother has
spent most of his life as a Christian youth worker. He's been
instrumental in bringing Christians of color, most of them Asian, to
middle-class Connecticut, where he's resided for most of his adult
life. He's built housing in poor countries. He's honest and
humane. But we seldom if ever talk about politics, and I very much
doubt he's any kind of leftist, though perhaps he is some kind of
liberal the way such things are gauged in his world.
[Q] In a recent Louis Armstrong review you mentioned that you had 21 Armstrong titles on your A shelves. I have about half that many, most on your recommendations. Will your please list those titles? -- Stiv, Texas [A] CDs only, in no particular order, alphabetical included.
![]() July 17, 2025Top three dream gigs, A plus upgrades briefly considered, enjoyable (not remarkable) bluegrass, the joy of doc (Swamp Dogg edition), the joy of disc (compact edition), and the TV party that wasn't. [Q] If you could travel anywhere in time and place to attend a live music show, what would be your top three choices? For me: James Brown and His Fabulous Flames at the Apollo in '68, The Velvet Underground with the Exploding Plastic Inevitable in 1966, Nirvana at the Reading Festival in 1992 (edging out Elvis at a Sun Records show in 1956). -- Randy, El Lay [A]
Good choices all, obviously, although I wouldn't be so quick to grab
the Velvets (who I did see several-plus times during their justifiably
legendary Danny Fields-conceived Max's stay in 1970). But to be
truthful the only rock act—putting JB in a category of his own
(and yes, I did see him at the Apollo early on)—I couldn't give
up would be an early Beatles show, preferably in the UK '63 or '64
though I'd settle for Shea Stadium. That's because I'd go for jazz:
something like the Coltrane-Dolphy gig I describe briefly in my memoir
plus pre-Charlie Rouse Monk (not that there was anything wrong with
the Rouse gigs, some dozen of which I attended, just to catch Sonny
Rollins or someone comparable), and, hell, Charlie Parker with Dizzy
Gillespie anywhere.
[Q] I'm not sure why, but I was surprised when I read in response to last month's Warren Zevon question that an "A" grade means "possibly an A+ one day." Makes sense. With that in mind . . . dare or may I ask about Out of Time (and Document) by R.E.M., and Very by the Pet Shop Boys? Hope you are well. -- Fred Hodson, Ipswich, Suffolk [A]
FWIW, which is not much, none of those choices yells A plus at me,
although any of them might plausibly qualify. But really, the only way
to tell is to catch yourself raving when you put it on, whether
because for some reason you're essaying a career lookback at the
artist in question or because the album in question migrated into your
hand for no better reason than impulse.
[Q] I've been a fan of your reviews for several years, though I haven't left a message here before. As a '96 baby, they've often nudged me toward albums with low exposure in my generation—Accept No Substitute, Wild Honey, Let It Be (Replacements), After the Gold Rush, It Takes a Nation of Millions. Each gives me compassion, joy, and—on even days—clarity. They regularly circulate in my living room. I'm curious how you feel about the newer crop of thoughtful, big-hearted country artists like Billy Strings. I've read and enjoyed your takes on Childers, Sturgill, Isbell, and the Drive-By Truckers. I wonder if you'd ever review Trampled By Turtles—or if you've heard Sturgill's Cuttin' Grass albums? It may be bluegrass for stoners, but those folks gotta cry and love too. -- Will Shootman, Salt Lake City [A]
Fact is, there's not a lot of country on my radar—didn't even
know who Billy Strings was. And in general I'm not a bluegrass guy,
which is not a judgment just a matter of taste—sounds too
folkie. While for sure what I value most in country music is such
singular vocalists as Jones, Williams, Parton, Cash, Lynn and the
colloquial, connubial, humane, hard-edged songwriting they imprint on
musical history. So out of respect and curiosity I Spotified Billy
Strings's Live at the Legion as I went down for a nap and as I
figured found it enjoyable but not remarkable when I was
conscious. Excellent "Tom Dooley" and "Don't Think Twice," give you
that.
[Q] Curious about your recommendation of the new Swamp Dogg documentary Swamp Dogg Gets His Pool Painted, I googled "Robert Christgau Swamp Dogg" and found several album reviews as well as this "Additional Consumer News" from 1982: "Isaac Hayes's Greatest Hit Singles (Stax) sound a lot better than they did a decade ago, while The Best of Swamp Dog (War Bride) sounds slightly worse, which is what happens when you have pop faith—I always knew Hayes had a sense of humor, but I didn't know how much of it he got into his music because I was too busy groaning at his excesses, as in a sense was Mr. Dogg." As a fan of "Shaft," I streamed Isaac Hayes' Greatest Hit Singles and loved every track, "By the Time I Get to Phoenix" and "Walk on By" especially. It's funky and soulful simultaneously and really evokes the '70s with its great guitar sound and production. Have you played this album recently and do you stand by your assessment? -- Rick Boone, Queens [A]
Can't be sure but I doubt it, because while Hayes's professional
skills have long been a matter of bizwise critical consensus, it's
more the pro in me than the fan in me who's signed off on his
rep. Also, I don't exactly know what that "pop faith" remark means
exactly. But on the other hand, my personal loyalty to Swamp Dogg,
real name Jerry Williams, has
never flagged—pretty sure I was
the first reviewer to note his existence on his 1969 debut. And
the documentary, one of whose producers is the now Austin-based Paul
Lovelace, an old friend who did a student documentary on me when he
was at NYU circa 2000, is both a hoot—it really is about his
swimming pool—and a revealing look at the world of r&b studio
musicians.
[Q] Hi Bob: You have been a longtime proponent of CDs, not only as the CD era began but even today. Amazingly, CDs are now a niche product, the technology the world has cast aside, like Walkmen or 8-tracks. Personally I remain a CD fan. They are simpler to care for and play, are light and portable, and take up less shelf space. They are, to sum up, compact. For a decade I've waited for our nation's young people to grow tired, as we oldsters did, of devoting floor space to LPs, of toting them from apartment to apartment in milk crates, of running a cloth over them before playing, of rising after 22 minutes to turn them over to Side Two, but evidently they love all of that. What do you make of it, Bob? Have your own thoughts on the pluses and minuses of LPs changed at all? (The prompt for this was your reconsideration of John Lennon's Rock 'n' Roll, which came about as you scanned CD spines, noting that many of your CDs are in sleeves to save space, and that LPs are "awkward to play.") -- David Allen, Claremont, California [A]
The simple fact is that I quickly came to prefer CDs. For decades I
used a changer all the time, often but by no means always stacking LPs
and listening half-album by half-album, though for sure I carefully
and pretty much punctually I stacked the B sides of anything with an A
side that caught my fancy (while never again hearing many albums that
failed to grab me). For a long time I thought a 20/25-minute running
time was more "natural" than 45-60, and for sure one's attention does
flag over the near-hour or more so many CDs last. But I've learned to
adjust in various ways. And I'm not the kind of audiophile who claims
vinyl still sounds "warmer" or however that cavil is worded.
[Q] Hey, can you tell us a bit about the pilot you did with Steve Pond for an album-related variation on Siskel & Ebert? Was it fun? Did it seem to work as TV? Did you and he have chemistry? What albums did you review? -- James K, Queens [A]
Unfortunately, the details of this project, which involved a trip to
LA when Nina was so young my fondest memory of the entire enterprise
is walking her to sleep on the plane, and then rather later a trip to
Minneapolis with different principals, has faded from my memory. There
was always something screwy about the whole deal. Expect that some
sort of physical pilot survives on a shelf somewhere. The producer
didn't really seem to know what he was doing. I liked meeting Pond
though.
June 26, 2025Stopping the car for the Beach Boys, choice Leadbelly collections, best of the '80s, Hong Fat and Michael Hurley remembered, and dud vs. neither (Warren Zevon edition). [Q] I've enjoyed your reviews for many years, Robert. As I've aged, I've grown more fond of the early Beach Boys. When you write about the classic bands of the '60s, I've noticed that many of their albums are designated "A Basic Record Library; CG80: Rock Library: Before 1980." But you start your reviews of Beach Boys albums after they peaked mid-decade. Don't a few of their early albums (not Pet Sounds—I read what you said about that) merit that designation, too? At the very least, I think All Summer Long and Today! are classic albums from a lost golden age. -- Daniel Nappo, Martin, Tennessee [A]
Especially in the wake of Brian Wilson's death, it's conceivable that
were I to replay the Beach Boys' by all means likable albums of the
early '60s, I'd admire them more enthusiastically than I did back when
I was just starting out in rock criticism in 1967. But they were
definitely what we called a singles band until the Beatles and the
Stones reset the goalposts, whereupon they upped the ante with Pet
Sounds and the glorious "Good Vibrations," which I can remember
stopping the car for on 10th Street driving home from Brooklyn so I
could concentrate first time I heard it. In my opinion their peak will
always be 1967's
Wild Honey, which at some
point (don't really remember the details) I slotted an A plus. Still
love it, not least because in the summer of 1972 my new girlfriend
Carola, who had never given the Beach Boys a moment's thought, fell
head over heels for it. Hadn't played it in a while when I put it on
at dinner tonight, when "Darlin'" and "I'd Love Just Once to See You"
and the rest sounded as great as ever to both of us. But if you'd like
to explore the band more thoroughly I suggest you find a copy of Beach
Boys fanatic and recent
And It Don't Stop contributor Tom Smucker's
Why the Beach
Boys Matter, which I helped edit.
[Q] In a 2013 interview you named Lead Belly as one of the non-jazz artists you listened to before discovering rock & roll, yet there seems to be scant available writings by you on his work (at least that I can find). Do you still enjoy/ appreciate his music? Are there any specific compilations of his work (CD or vinyl) that you would recommend? -- Rogan Hely, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia [A]
I own 10 Leadbelly CDs on such labels as Rounder, RCA, Columbia
Legacy, and especially Smithsonian Folkways. The two I'm most likely
to play occasionally are still in jewel boxes (with shelf space at a
premium around here, most are in plastic slipcases): Where Did You
Sleep Last Night and Shout On, both on Smithsonian. I also
reviewed Charles Wolfe and
Kip Lornell's recommended although somewhat partial 1993 The Life
and Legend of Leadbelly for the NYTBR. Let me thank my
first girlfriend, ID'd as Miriam Meyer in Going Into the City
to protect her privacy, for introducing me to both Leadbelly and the
Weavers, crucial figures in my early musical development. She was an
enthusiastic jazz fan as well, but also more of a folkie than I ever
was.
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