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Figure 2 Simulation of atmospheric boundary layer in the Wall of Wind (a) Wind speed profile (b) Turbulence intensity profile, and (c) Wind Spectrum at mid-roof height (Asghari Mooneghi et al. 2014)

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Figure 1. Tiled-roof light-frame test building model representing portions of: (a) Gable roof, (b) Hip Roof, (c) cross- section detail of field tile installation, and (d) cross-section detail of ridge tiles installation RAS118/119 (FBC 2010)

Figure 3. Tile numbering and test wind directions.

Figure 4. Pressure taps layout (a) Hip/ridge tile with installed pressure taps (b) Numbering of pressure taps

Figure 5. (a) Cobra probes installed 25 mm above the roof tiles, (b) Locations of cobra probes . 3 Results and Discussions

Figure 6. External and net Cpyeq, and Cpyeax on the hip tiles on the hip roof

Figure 7. External and net Cpmean and Cppeqx on the ridge tiles on the hip roof

Figure 8. External and net Cpneq, and CPpeqx On the perimeter tiles on the hip roof coefficients to the highest external uplift coefficients) for each tile on the hip roof. It can be seen in Figure

In this section the results from the pressure measurement experiments for the gable roof side are

Figure 10. External and net Cpypean and Cppeax on the ridge tiles on the gable roof

Figure 11. External and net Crean and Cppeax on the edge tiles on the gable roof

Figure 12. Contour plot of typical instantaneous external Cp distribution on tile E2, wind direction 45 deg

Table 1. Summary of pressure adjustment factors, r

Figure 13. a. Pressure adjustment factor r. b. Pressure adjustment factor r on the gable roof tiles for wind direction producing highest external CPppeax

‘a’ is computed as 10 percent of least horizontal dimension or 0.4h, whichever is smaller, but not less than either 4% of least horizontal dimension or 0.9 m (3 ft). (ASCE 7-10) The instantaneous resultant surface flow wind speed, V, and resultant approach flow wind speeds, V,,;,

Figure 14. Ratio of mean surface flow to the approach flow at different wind directions observed to increase as the measurement location moved further away from the upwind side.

Figure 15. Ratios of measured surface flows to those estimated using Bernoulli’s equation

Figure 16. V,/ V.,, for hip, ridge and perimeter tiles

Table 2. Comparisons of Uplift Design Pressure Coefficients 4 Observations and Conclusions