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This is premised on the background that there is now efficient equipment for grating, dewatering, sieving, and frying which the gari processors could deploy. The deployment of new equipment would be more cost-effective if SMEs came together to purchase equipment that everyone could use. This is critical because it ensures efficiency. These findings support those of Addy et al. (2004), Adenugba and John (2014), and Adam (2015), who found that gari firms encounter issues such as outmoded equipment, bad working conditions, insufficient raw materials, and risks. The finding is also consistent with a claim made in the conceptual framework that internal factors such as production problems affect gari enterprise operations. The implication of this finding is that gari output would be low and quality would be compromised, thereby, negatively affecting the revenue of owners of such enterprises.

Figure 3 This is premised on the background that there is now efficient equipment for grating, dewatering, sieving, and frying which the gari processors could deploy. The deployment of new equipment would be more cost-effective if SMEs came together to purchase equipment that everyone could use. This is critical because it ensures efficiency. These findings support those of Addy et al. (2004), Adenugba and John (2014), and Adam (2015), who found that gari firms encounter issues such as outmoded equipment, bad working conditions, insufficient raw materials, and risks. The finding is also consistent with a claim made in the conceptual framework that internal factors such as production problems affect gari enterprise operations. The implication of this finding is that gari output would be low and quality would be compromised, thereby, negatively affecting the revenue of owners of such enterprises.

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Several studies (Hisrich & Peters, 2002; Osotimehin et al., 2012) show that SMEs' potential to grow is hampered by a lack of financial resources. Gari producers, for example, have a lack of access to cash or loans, according to Ijigbade et al. (2014). Furthermore, due to high-interest rates, agro-based enterprises in Patiala District cannot obtain money from a financial institution (Dhiman & Rani, 2011). Others, such as Agwu and Emeti (2014) and Onukwuli et al. (2014), have linked SMEs' difficulty to acquire capital to weak accounting records. Figure 1 depicts the conceptual framework based on the studied literature. It implies that internal and/or external problems hamper gari enterprise’s operations. As a result, the prevalence of these issues tend to impede gari firms’ ability to grow and enhance the living standards of individuals who work for them. impede gari firms’ ability to grow and enhance the living standards of individuals who
Several studies (Hisrich & Peters, 2002; Osotimehin et al., 2012) show that SMEs' potential to grow is hampered by a lack of financial resources. Gari producers, for example, have a lack of access to cash or loans, according to Ijigbade et al. (2014). Furthermore, due to high-interest rates, agro-based enterprises in Patiala District cannot obtain money from a financial institution (Dhiman & Rani, 2011). Others, such as Agwu and Emeti (2014) and Onukwuli et al. (2014), have linked SMEs' difficulty to acquire capital to weak accounting records. Figure 1 depicts the conceptual framework based on the studied literature. It implies that internal and/or external problems hamper gari enterprise’s operations. As a result, the prevalence of these issues tend to impede gari firms’ ability to grow and enhance the living standards of individuals who work for them. impede gari firms’ ability to grow and enhance the living standards of individuals who
The West Gonja Municipal Assembly is headquartered at Damongo in Ghana's Savannah Region (West Gonja District Composite Budget, 2014). It is bounded on t south by the Central Gonja District, on the west by the Bole and Sawla-Tuna-Kal Districts, on the north by the Wa East District, and on the east by the North Gonja District (Figure 2). Due to its position, when gari is processed, it can be sold int neighbouring districts. The West Gonja Municipality has a population of 63,449, comprising 31,179 females and the rest being males (GSS, 2021). Additionally, t ne Da ne ne population of the urban-rural division is 39,150 and 24,299 correspondingly (GSS, 2021). The majority of roads in the area are feeder roads, frequently flooded and rendered impassable during the rainy season (West Gonja District Composite Budget, Ama a\ rendered impassable during the rainy season (West Gonja District Composite Budget,
The West Gonja Municipal Assembly is headquartered at Damongo in Ghana's Savannah Region (West Gonja District Composite Budget, 2014). It is bounded on t south by the Central Gonja District, on the west by the Bole and Sawla-Tuna-Kal Districts, on the north by the Wa East District, and on the east by the North Gonja District (Figure 2). Due to its position, when gari is processed, it can be sold int neighbouring districts. The West Gonja Municipality has a population of 63,449, comprising 31,179 females and the rest being males (GSS, 2021). Additionally, t ne Da ne ne population of the urban-rural division is 39,150 and 24,299 correspondingly (GSS, 2021). The majority of roads in the area are feeder roads, frequently flooded and rendered impassable during the rainy season (West Gonja District Composite Budget, Ama a\ rendered impassable during the rainy season (West Gonja District Composite Budget,
and market tolls) that could be obtained from the gari enterprises. in Nigeria and Ghana, respectively, production-related issues are a key problem in the gari industry's operations. These problems tend to limit the maximum benefits such as the provision of employment opportunities, income for those engaged in the business, ready market for raw materials (cassava) and revenue for the Municipal assembly (taxes and market tolls) that could be obtained from the gari enterprises. The study sets out to explore the problems gari SMEs encounter and to a large extent, such enterprises are plagued with problems that stem from both internal anc external sources which tend to affect the fortunes of the enterprises. Particularly the internal problems include production, record keeping, and marketing while the external problems consist of financial and limited infrastructure. However, the toy problem category was production-related problems, which is an internal problem. The prevalence of these problems tends to impede gari enterprises’ ability to enhance the living standards of individuals who work in them. The study's strength is the fact that it concentrated entirely on problems in the gari enterprise, which have gotten littl attention in prior studies. It also does an in-depth examination of the problems anc assigns a ranking to them. Nonetheless, the study's flaw is that it failed to categoris« the problems according to the location: rural versus urban. Consequently, future studie: could focus on disaggregating the problems gari enterprises encounter according tc geographic locations (i.e., rural and urban). [he study sets out to explore the problems gari SMEs encounter and to a large
and market tolls) that could be obtained from the gari enterprises. in Nigeria and Ghana, respectively, production-related issues are a key problem in the gari industry's operations. These problems tend to limit the maximum benefits such as the provision of employment opportunities, income for those engaged in the business, ready market for raw materials (cassava) and revenue for the Municipal assembly (taxes and market tolls) that could be obtained from the gari enterprises. The study sets out to explore the problems gari SMEs encounter and to a large extent, such enterprises are plagued with problems that stem from both internal anc external sources which tend to affect the fortunes of the enterprises. Particularly the internal problems include production, record keeping, and marketing while the external problems consist of financial and limited infrastructure. However, the toy problem category was production-related problems, which is an internal problem. The prevalence of these problems tends to impede gari enterprises’ ability to enhance the living standards of individuals who work in them. The study's strength is the fact that it concentrated entirely on problems in the gari enterprise, which have gotten littl attention in prior studies. It also does an in-depth examination of the problems anc assigns a ranking to them. Nonetheless, the study's flaw is that it failed to categoris« the problems according to the location: rural versus urban. Consequently, future studie: could focus on disaggregating the problems gari enterprises encounter according tc geographic locations (i.e., rural and urban). [he study sets out to explore the problems gari SMEs encounter and to a large
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Small and Medium scale EnterprisesPoverty Studies
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