Academia.eduAcademia.edu

Figure 1 – uploaded by John Ayeelyan

See full PDFdownloadDownload figure
DFT [15] is mathematically defined as,

Figure 1 DFT [15] is mathematically defined as,

Related Figures (5)

Fig 2: Flow Chart for watermark insertion and extraction International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 — 8887) Volume 63-— No.4, February 2013
Fig 2: Flow Chart for watermark insertion and extraction International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 — 8887) Volume 63-— No.4, February 2013
To conform the imperceptibility of the watermark embedding algorithm, randomly extract some frames and compare the video frames before and after watermarking of the frames, Fig 5 illustrates the experimental results for video sequence. For this, the watermarked frame and unwatermarked frame are taken and calculated PNSR values for each frame. Then generate the values and plotted as the graph. The Fig 5 shows that the noise ratio between the frames of with watermark and without watermark.
To conform the imperceptibility of the watermark embedding algorithm, randomly extract some frames and compare the video frames before and after watermarking of the frames, Fig 5 illustrates the experimental results for video sequence. For this, the watermarked frame and unwatermarked frame are taken and calculated PNSR values for each frame. Then generate the values and plotted as the graph. The Fig 5 shows that the noise ratio between the frames of with watermark and without watermark.
International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 — 8887) Volume 63— No.4, February 2013 The equation peak signal-to-noise ratio, often abbreviated as PSNR, is an engineering term that gives the ratio between the maximum possible ability of the signal and the ability of altering noise that strikes the fidelity of its visibility. Because many of the signals have a very wide dynamic signaling rate, PSNR is generally expressed in terms of the logarithmic decibel standard. A higher PSNR would normally indicate that there is high quality of signal threshold in the receiver side.
International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 — 8887) Volume 63— No.4, February 2013 The equation peak signal-to-noise ratio, often abbreviated as PSNR, is an engineering term that gives the ratio between the maximum possible ability of the signal and the ability of altering noise that strikes the fidelity of its visibility. Because many of the signals have a very wide dynamic signaling rate, PSNR is generally expressed in terms of the logarithmic decibel standard. A higher PSNR would normally indicate that there is high quality of signal threshold in the receiver side.
580 California St., Suite 400
San Francisco, CA, 94104
© 2025 Academia. All rights reserved