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Table 8: Grid energy trade

Table 8 Grid energy trade

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Table 1: Comparison of DC to DC power converters
Table 1: Comparison of DC to DC power converters
Figure 1: Block diagram of SPVWPS » control by INC or P&O or other suitable MPPT techniques to function at maximum power y regulating duty cycle. The system is planned to address the variation of solar irradiance and artial shading issues that affect the performance of SPVWPS with the help of Boost and Cuk onverter.
Figure 1: Block diagram of SPVWPS » control by INC or P&O or other suitable MPPT techniques to function at maximum power y regulating duty cycle. The system is planned to address the variation of solar irradiance and artial shading issues that affect the performance of SPVWPS with the help of Boost and Cuk onverter.
Table 2: Comparison of MPPT algorithms
Table 2: Comparison of MPPT algorithms
Table 3: Switching states of VSI Design of Cuk Converter
Table 3: Switching states of VSI Design of Cuk Converter
Figure 4: Three phase VSI fed PMSM
Figure 4: Three phase VSI fed PMSM
The Cuk converter is shown in Fig. 5. The duty cycle (D) is estimated with the following formula:
The Cuk converter is shown in Fig. 5. The duty cycle (D) is estimated with the following formula:
Figure 6: Signal conditioning and control architecture The signal conditioning and control architecture for experimental validation diagram is shown n Fig. 6. The experimental validation can be done with the hardware prototype and it requires olar array simu rator. The part ator, DC-DC converter, VSI, dSPACE controller, PMSM Motor and DC gen- of hardware prototype can be developed by utilizing dSPACE 1103 controller, .2 HP PMSM Motor and intelligent power module (Electronic Commutation). The PV voltage ind PV current IC generator fe can be obtained from solar array simulator. The PMSM will be loaded with a eding a resistive load. The power of a DC generator feeding a resistive load is yroportional to he square of the speed, just like a centrifugal pump (characteristics). In addition o this the prediction methodologies [36] or classification methods [37] using artificial intelligence nay help to forecast the solar PV generation or to classify the power quality issues, respectively.
Figure 6: Signal conditioning and control architecture The signal conditioning and control architecture for experimental validation diagram is shown n Fig. 6. The experimental validation can be done with the hardware prototype and it requires olar array simu rator. The part ator, DC-DC converter, VSI, dSPACE controller, PMSM Motor and DC gen- of hardware prototype can be developed by utilizing dSPACE 1103 controller, .2 HP PMSM Motor and intelligent power module (Electronic Commutation). The PV voltage ind PV current IC generator fe can be obtained from solar array simulator. The PMSM will be loaded with a eding a resistive load. The power of a DC generator feeding a resistive load is yroportional to he square of the speed, just like a centrifugal pump (characteristics). In addition o this the prediction methodologies [36] or classification methods [37] using artificial intelligence nay help to forecast the solar PV generation or to classify the power quality issues, respectively.
Table 4: Friction losses in feet of head per 100 feet of pipe The cumulative vertical distance that a pump raises water is measured by its static head. When water flows through the rough walls of a pipe, friction occurs, resulting in a loss of pressure. Friction losses can also occur as water passes through pipe fittings or when the diameter of the pipe changes abruptly. The extracted table of [40] is shown in Jabs. 4 and 5 to assess the friction loss on 4” internal diameter pipe.
Table 4: Friction losses in feet of head per 100 feet of pipe The cumulative vertical distance that a pump raises water is measured by its static head. When water flows through the rough walls of a pipe, friction occurs, resulting in a loss of pressure. Friction losses can also occur as water passes through pipe fittings or when the diameter of the pipe changes abruptly. The extracted table of [40] is shown in Jabs. 4 and 5 to assess the friction loss on 4” internal diameter pipe.
Table 5: Friction loss in fittings Tab. 3 shows the friction loss in feet for 4” diameter pipe based on the type of material. The PVC material has less friction loss compared to other pipe material. Tab. 4 shows the friction loss due to the fittings in the structure of water pump.
Table 5: Friction loss in fittings Tab. 3 shows the friction loss in feet for 4” diameter pipe based on the type of material. The PVC material has less friction loss compared to other pipe material. Tab. 4 shows the friction loss due to the fittings in the structure of water pump.
Figure 7: Cumulative cash flow over project lifetime
Figure 7: Cumulative cash flow over project lifetime
Table 6: Approximate maximum flow rate
Table 6: Approximate maximum flow rate
The Fig. 8 shows the Solar PV power output of the proposed system. The Homer Pro software has inbuilt solar irradiance data and it is used for further analysis. The proposed system is planned to operate the pump from 6 AM to 6 PM. This microgrid requires 16 kWh/day and has a peak of 2.436kW. In the proposed system, the Fig. 9 shows generation sources serve the electrical load. The annual energy purchased from the grid is 1,656 kWh, while the annual energy sold to the grid is 1,682 kWh, as shown in Tab. 8. Fig. 10 shows time series chart of the load sharing of electric grid and Solar PV. Based o1 the observations, the capital investment requirement is $7,425 and annualized savings is $134.93 In the long-term perspective, the return on investment is —2.18% as per the present tariff plan.
The Fig. 8 shows the Solar PV power output of the proposed system. The Homer Pro software has inbuilt solar irradiance data and it is used for further analysis. The proposed system is planned to operate the pump from 6 AM to 6 PM. This microgrid requires 16 kWh/day and has a peak of 2.436kW. In the proposed system, the Fig. 9 shows generation sources serve the electrical load. The annual energy purchased from the grid is 1,656 kWh, while the annual energy sold to the grid is 1,682 kWh, as shown in Tab. 8. Fig. 10 shows time series chart of the load sharing of electric grid and Solar PV. Based o1 the observations, the capital investment requirement is $7,425 and annualized savings is $134.93 In the long-term perspective, the return on investment is —2.18% as per the present tariff plan.
Table 7: Fronius Galvo 3.1-1 with generic PV specifications
Table 7: Fronius Galvo 3.1-1 with generic PV specifications
Related topics:
Environmental ScienceEnergy EngineeringElectrical Machines and DrivesPhotovoltaic system
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