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Table 2. Relationship between temperature, rainfall and relative humidity with abundance and biting density of Simulium damnosun complex at Adani, August 2010 - January 2011 Diurnal biting pattern of flies at Adani. The diurnal biting patterns of S. damnosum complex at Adani showed a bi- modal peak of activity, with the evening peak being higher than the morning peak, except in October when the morning peak was higher than the evening peak. The peaks were separated by hours of low biting intensity. The morning peaks were observed between 07.00 — 09.00 in October, 08.00 — 09.00 in August and November, and 09.00 - 10.00 in September, December and January. The evening peaks were observed between 17.00 - 18.00 in August, December and January, while in November and September it occurred between 16.00 - 17.00 pm. However, in October, the evening peak was observed between 16.00 - 18.00. A paired t-test treatment of the mean biting peaks in all the months showed that the morning and evening biting peaks were not significantly different (P > 0.05).

Table 2 Relationship between temperature, rainfall and relative humidity with abundance and biting density of Simulium damnosun complex at Adani, August 2010 - January 2011 Diurnal biting pattern of flies at Adani. The diurnal biting patterns of S. damnosum complex at Adani showed a bi- modal peak of activity, with the evening peak being higher than the morning peak, except in October when the morning peak was higher than the evening peak. The peaks were separated by hours of low biting intensity. The morning peaks were observed between 07.00 — 09.00 in October, 08.00 — 09.00 in August and November, and 09.00 - 10.00 in September, December and January. The evening peaks were observed between 17.00 - 18.00 in August, December and January, while in November and September it occurred between 16.00 - 17.00 pm. However, in October, the evening peak was observed between 16.00 - 18.00. A paired t-test treatment of the mean biting peaks in all the months showed that the morning and evening biting peaks were not significantly different (P > 0.05).

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Figure 1. Map of Adani in Uzo-Uwani Local Government Area of Enugu State Nigeria, showing sampling location (a) Study area. The study area was Adani in Uzo-Uwani Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Coordinates: 6°43’60” N and 7°10” Ein DMS (Degrees Minutes Seconds) or 6.73333 and 7.01667 (in decimal degrees) (Fig. 1). UTM position: KN84, Joint Operation Graphics reference - NB32- 05. Current local time is 09:29; sunrise — 08:10, sunset — 20:17 local time (Africa/Lagos UTC/GMT+1). The standard time
Figure 1. Map of Adani in Uzo-Uwani Local Government Area of Enugu State Nigeria, showing sampling location (a) Study area. The study area was Adani in Uzo-Uwani Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Coordinates: 6°43’60” N and 7°10” Ein DMS (Degrees Minutes Seconds) or 6.73333 and 7.01667 (in decimal degrees) (Fig. 1). UTM position: KN84, Joint Operation Graphics reference - NB32- 05. Current local time is 09:29; sunrise — 08:10, sunset — 20:17 local time (Africa/Lagos UTC/GMT+1). The standard time
Table 1. Relative abundance and biting density of Simulium damnosun complex at Adani, August 2010 - January 2011 Influence of climatic conditions on relative abundance and biting density of Simulium damnosum. An inverse significant relationship exists between the relative abundance and biting density of Simulium damnosum complex and rainfall. High rainfall in August (12.43 mm) corresponded with a low relative abundance of S. damnosum (69 flies). On the other hand, a high temperature in January (26.24°C) correlated with a high relative abundance of S. damnosum (243.00 flies), while high relative humidity in August (83.59) corresponded with low relative abundance of S. damnosum (69.00 flies). Regression analysis revealed that both temperature and relative humidity had a positive correlation with the number of flies caught (y=-0.0006x+25.593; r=0.0519) and (y=- 0.1213x+78.794; r=0.505), respectively, while rainfall had a negative correlation with the number of flies caught (Tab. 2).
Table 1. Relative abundance and biting density of Simulium damnosun complex at Adani, August 2010 - January 2011 Influence of climatic conditions on relative abundance and biting density of Simulium damnosum. An inverse significant relationship exists between the relative abundance and biting density of Simulium damnosum complex and rainfall. High rainfall in August (12.43 mm) corresponded with a low relative abundance of S. damnosum (69 flies). On the other hand, a high temperature in January (26.24°C) correlated with a high relative abundance of S. damnosum (243.00 flies), while high relative humidity in August (83.59) corresponded with low relative abundance of S. damnosum (69.00 flies). Regression analysis revealed that both temperature and relative humidity had a positive correlation with the number of flies caught (y=-0.0006x+25.593; r=0.0519) and (y=- 0.1213x+78.794; r=0.505), respectively, while rainfall had a negative correlation with the number of flies caught (Tab. 2).
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BiologyMedicineClimatic variablesBiting Density
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