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Identification of phytochemical compounds by in L. ovalifolia.

Table 1 Identification of phytochemical compounds by in L. ovalifolia.

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Fig. 1. PLS-DA score plots (A) and OPLS-DA s-plot of 17 different species of Lagerstroemia samples analyzed by UPLC-Q-Tof-MS.
Fig. 1. PLS-DA score plots (A) and OPLS-DA s-plot of 17 different species of Lagerstroemia samples analyzed by UPLC-Q-Tof-MS.
Fig. 2. Representative chromatograms of L. ovalifolia: base peak ion (BPI) chromatograms Biochemometric analysis of 17 different Lagerstroemia species was used to compare antidiabetic activity through glucose uptake in muscle cells (Table 1). Among them, L. speciosa was included, which is the source of banaba leaf extract, an antidiabetic functional food re- cognized by the KFDA (Korea Food and Drug Administration). Since active glucose transport in muscle cells is mediated by GLUT4, we used the overexpressed GLUT4 cell line L6-GLUT4myc to eliminate the ef- fects of passive transport in the experiment. KFDA’s guidelines also As explained earlier, to avoid the routine isolation of known me- tabolites from natural products, professionals have long used tentative structural elucidation work called dereplication. Dereplication studies use a known detected mass and known bioactive metabolites in plant extracts to aid in structure prediction prior to the start of a deep in- vestigation (Gaudéncio and Pereiraa, 2015; Kellogg et al., 2016; Nothias et al., 2018). After multivariate statistical analysis, the com- pounds in L. ovalifolia were tentatively identified using the detected mass (the deprotonated molecular ion [M—H] ), HRMS, and MS/MS data and library comparison with published literature data of the same species. Therefore, 25 metabolites were tentatively identified and linked to the biochemometric tools, and they were confirmed to be authentic bioactive markers of L. ovalifolia. As presented in Fig. 2, chromatographic analysis of the metabolites was performed using UP- LC-QTof-MS. The typical MS/MS pattern included quercetin (m/z
Fig. 2. Representative chromatograms of L. ovalifolia: base peak ion (BPI) chromatograms Biochemometric analysis of 17 different Lagerstroemia species was used to compare antidiabetic activity through glucose uptake in muscle cells (Table 1). Among them, L. speciosa was included, which is the source of banaba leaf extract, an antidiabetic functional food re- cognized by the KFDA (Korea Food and Drug Administration). Since active glucose transport in muscle cells is mediated by GLUT4, we used the overexpressed GLUT4 cell line L6-GLUT4myc to eliminate the ef- fects of passive transport in the experiment. KFDA’s guidelines also As explained earlier, to avoid the routine isolation of known me- tabolites from natural products, professionals have long used tentative structural elucidation work called dereplication. Dereplication studies use a known detected mass and known bioactive metabolites in plant extracts to aid in structure prediction prior to the start of a deep in- vestigation (Gaudéncio and Pereiraa, 2015; Kellogg et al., 2016; Nothias et al., 2018). After multivariate statistical analysis, the com- pounds in L. ovalifolia were tentatively identified using the detected mass (the deprotonated molecular ion [M—H] ), HRMS, and MS/MS data and library comparison with published literature data of the same species. Therefore, 25 metabolites were tentatively identified and linked to the biochemometric tools, and they were confirmed to be authentic bioactive markers of L. ovalifolia. As presented in Fig. 2, chromatographic analysis of the metabolites was performed using UP- LC-QTof-MS. The typical MS/MS pattern included quercetin (m/z
Multivariate analysis, glucose uptake activity, and triterpene acid content in Lagerstroemia species. * All Lagerstroemia extracts were examined in a set of experiments repeated three times. > Glucose uptake activity was measured using a radiometric 2-DG uptake assay. Glucose uptake activity was calculated as 0% in the DMSO-treated group anc 100% in the 100 nM porcine insulin-treated group. © nd = not detected.
Multivariate analysis, glucose uptake activity, and triterpene acid content in Lagerstroemia species. * All Lagerstroemia extracts were examined in a set of experiments repeated three times. > Glucose uptake activity was measured using a radiometric 2-DG uptake assay. Glucose uptake activity was calculated as 0% in the DMSO-treated group anc 100% in the 100 nM porcine insulin-treated group. © nd = not detected.
Fig. 3. (A) The content of triterpenic acids in L. ovalifolia and (B) effect of compounds isolated from L. ovalifolia on glucose uptake in differentiated L6- GLUT4myc cells. After 30 min of exposure to the indicated concentrations of compounds, a radiometric 2-DG uptake assay was performed. Relative glucose uptake activity was calculated as 0% in the DMSO-treated group and 100% in the 100 nM porcine insulin-treated group. The bar graphs show the mean + S.D.
Fig. 3. (A) The content of triterpenic acids in L. ovalifolia and (B) effect of compounds isolated from L. ovalifolia on glucose uptake in differentiated L6- GLUT4myc cells. After 30 min of exposure to the indicated concentrations of compounds, a radiometric 2-DG uptake assay was performed. Relative glucose uptake activity was calculated as 0% in the DMSO-treated group and 100% in the 100 nM porcine insulin-treated group. The bar graphs show the mean + S.D.
Results of the oral glucose tolerance test in mice. Data are shown as the mean + S.D. (n = 4). Table 3
Results of the oral glucose tolerance test in mice. Data are shown as the mean + S.D. (n = 4). Table 3
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