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TABLE A1 Single-phase induction motor under study design specifications

Table 6 A1 Single-phase induction motor under study design specifications

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FIGURE 1 Dimensions of “foot-mounted” single phase induction motors according to IEC/NEMA standards. (A), Front view. (B), Side view TABLE 1 Dimensions comparison (partial table) between IEC and NEMA standards (all dimensions in mm)
FIGURE 1 Dimensions of “foot-mounted” single phase induction motors according to IEC/NEMA standards. (A), Front view. (B), Side view TABLE 1 Dimensions comparison (partial table) between IEC and NEMA standards (all dimensions in mm)
Abbreviation: IEC, International Electrotechnical Commission; NEMA, National Electrical Manufacturers Association. the constructional components and electrical e ements. It is essentially a mathematical formulation that associates the dif- ferent physical quantities and electrical parameters and is a good base to start a design. To obtain the out put equation, one has to start from the relationship that connects the input power Pi, (W), output power Poy (W), and ef ficiency n of the machine, which in our case for a SPIM (num m = 1) is given by ber of phases and the upper limit is set by the phenomenon of saturation of the ferromagnetic material in the stator teeth. Also, the spe- cific electric loading is actually defined by the copper losses and limits the electric current density in the conductors for a better cooling. Again, an increase in a, has the effect of reduc- ing the cost and size of the motor, while at the same time, increases the copper losses, reduces the overload capacity, and leads to an increase in motors temperature. Typical values lie in the range of 5 k to 45 k At/m. The reader can refer to Pyrho- nen et al” for more details. It is apparent from Equation 1 that the quantity that is proportional to the motor’s volume (referring to the inner stator diameter and the axial length of the active part of the core), ie,
Abbreviation: IEC, International Electrotechnical Commission; NEMA, National Electrical Manufacturers Association. the constructional components and electrical e ements. It is essentially a mathematical formulation that associates the dif- ferent physical quantities and electrical parameters and is a good base to start a design. To obtain the out put equation, one has to start from the relationship that connects the input power Pi, (W), output power Poy (W), and ef ficiency n of the machine, which in our case for a SPIM (num m = 1) is given by ber of phases and the upper limit is set by the phenomenon of saturation of the ferromagnetic material in the stator teeth. Also, the spe- cific electric loading is actually defined by the copper losses and limits the electric current density in the conductors for a better cooling. Again, an increase in a, has the effect of reduc- ing the cost and size of the motor, while at the same time, increases the copper losses, reduces the overload capacity, and leads to an increase in motors temperature. Typical values lie in the range of 5 k to 45 k At/m. The reader can refer to Pyrho- nen et al” for more details. It is apparent from Equation 1 that the quantity that is proportional to the motor’s volume (referring to the inner stator diameter and the axial length of the active part of the core), ie,
FIGURE 2 Variation of D2 as a function of, (A), the motor’s output power and, (B), the motor’s outer stator diameter
FIGURE 2 Variation of D2 as a function of, (A), the motor’s output power and, (B), the motor’s outer stator diameter
FIGURE 3 Geometrical representations of single phase induction motor models examined, (A), stator, (B), rotor, and, (C), axial cross-section for rotor rings
FIGURE 3 Geometrical representations of single phase induction motor models examined, (A), stator, (B), rotor, and, (C), axial cross-section for rotor rings
Figure 4 depicts various performance quantities of the redesigned SPIM (efficiency, power factor, line current, out- put torque, and output power) variation versus speed. It can be observed that the desired efficiency is achieved at about 1430 rpm, while the rated output power can be delivered from the motor over 1420 rpm. The starting current is about 16.25 A (giving a 4.23 ratio comparing with rated). More- over, the starting torque is about 0.15 Nm while the rated torque obtained is 5.0 Nm at about 1467 rpm. Also, from manufacturing point of view, Figure 5 depicts the geometrical representations of the 2 equivalent—operationally—SPIM designs: before, ie, using the classical design theory approach (Figure 5A) and after, ie, using the proposed design approach (Figure 5B). The performance and geometrical characteris- tics of these 2 SPIMs are given in Table A3 in the Appendix. From this Table, it can be observed that all the performance quantities are improved (slightly or significantly) when the modified methodology is followed compared with the cor- responding ones from the classical approach. For example, the motor’s net mass (shaft and frame excluded) is equal to 13.87 kg for the first case, while for the second one, it comes to 13.14 kg. Additionally, for the same motor’s volume, a higher power density is achieved. Moreover, important increment (about 55.8%) arises in the starting torque of the modified has good environmental corrosion resistance, which becomes FIGURE 4 Performance quantities of a sample designed 1 HP single phase induction motor (using the proposed approach) as a function of speed (about 55.8%) arises in the starting torque of the modified KKegarding to the materials chosen, copper and aluminum (both die cast) properties are quite well known to induc- tion motor designers, eg, Finley and Hodowanec”’ and Kim et al. The use of cast magnesium has to be justified though. Magnesium has excellent stiffness and strength-to-mass ratio compared with aluminum. It has high electrical and ther- mal conductivity, but less than the conductivity of copper and aluminum. It withstands high-operating temperatures and has good environmental corrosion resistance, which becomes
Figure 4 depicts various performance quantities of the redesigned SPIM (efficiency, power factor, line current, out- put torque, and output power) variation versus speed. It can be observed that the desired efficiency is achieved at about 1430 rpm, while the rated output power can be delivered from the motor over 1420 rpm. The starting current is about 16.25 A (giving a 4.23 ratio comparing with rated). More- over, the starting torque is about 0.15 Nm while the rated torque obtained is 5.0 Nm at about 1467 rpm. Also, from manufacturing point of view, Figure 5 depicts the geometrical representations of the 2 equivalent—operationally—SPIM designs: before, ie, using the classical design theory approach (Figure 5A) and after, ie, using the proposed design approach (Figure 5B). The performance and geometrical characteris- tics of these 2 SPIMs are given in Table A3 in the Appendix. From this Table, it can be observed that all the performance quantities are improved (slightly or significantly) when the modified methodology is followed compared with the cor- responding ones from the classical approach. For example, the motor’s net mass (shaft and frame excluded) is equal to 13.87 kg for the first case, while for the second one, it comes to 13.14 kg. Additionally, for the same motor’s volume, a higher power density is achieved. Moreover, important increment (about 55.8%) arises in the starting torque of the modified has good environmental corrosion resistance, which becomes FIGURE 4 Performance quantities of a sample designed 1 HP single phase induction motor (using the proposed approach) as a function of speed (about 55.8%) arises in the starting torque of the modified KKegarding to the materials chosen, copper and aluminum (both die cast) properties are quite well known to induc- tion motor designers, eg, Finley and Hodowanec”’ and Kim et al. The use of cast magnesium has to be justified though. Magnesium has excellent stiffness and strength-to-mass ratio compared with aluminum. It has high electrical and ther- mal conductivity, but less than the conductivity of copper and aluminum. It withstands high-operating temperatures and has good environmental corrosion resistance, which becomes
FIGURE 5 Isometric representations (common scale) of SPIM models designed for the same operational characteristics (Table A1), (A), usin; classical design theory and, (B), using proposed design approach (for detailed comparison, see Table A3 w.r.t. Figure 3)
FIGURE 5 Isometric representations (common scale) of SPIM models designed for the same operational characteristics (Table A1), (A), usin; classical design theory and, (B), using proposed design approach (for detailed comparison, see Table A3 w.r.t. Figure 3)
FIGURE 6 Performance of 135 SPIM models designed, using (A), copper, (B), aluminum and (C), magnesium for rotor bars and rings (common axes to all same quantities)
FIGURE 6 Performance of 135 SPIM models designed, using (A), copper, (B), aluminum and (C), magnesium for rotor bars and rings (common axes to all same quantities)
TABLE 2 Candidate single-phase induction motor models performance and ranking. Rotor conductors material: Copper Abbreviations: H, high; L=low, M, medium; VH, very high; VL, very low. TABLE 2 Candidate single-phase induction motor models performance and ranking. Rotor Step 5: If there is more than 1 “winner” (like in our case), someone can take into consideration t he results of Section 3.1 and the relevant discussion of Section 3.2. Following this strategy and for the scope of this study, the topology with Q, = 36 and Q, = 26 was finally selected, since it presented the highest torque ratio and the highest effi- ciency. A final investigation was performed regarding the value of the run-capacitor (Cun). It s here that all previous 135 models have hould be mentioned been simulated with a capacitance calculated through” (classical design the- ory) which was 18 yF. Since the effects of Cyn are of great importance,” a parametric ana in the range of 10 wF — 40uF (wit ysis was conducted h a step of 0.2 uF) applied to the final selected SPIM topology. Once the cor- rect Cyn value is determined, the industry standards like TEC-60252-1 or EIA-456-A that app capacitors for AC applications shou by the manufacturer. The results of t y to metalized film d be followed then he parametric inves- tigation are shown in Figure 7. The may apply: following comments
TABLE 2 Candidate single-phase induction motor models performance and ranking. Rotor conductors material: Copper Abbreviations: H, high; L=low, M, medium; VH, very high; VL, very low. TABLE 2 Candidate single-phase induction motor models performance and ranking. Rotor Step 5: If there is more than 1 “winner” (like in our case), someone can take into consideration t he results of Section 3.1 and the relevant discussion of Section 3.2. Following this strategy and for the scope of this study, the topology with Q, = 36 and Q, = 26 was finally selected, since it presented the highest torque ratio and the highest effi- ciency. A final investigation was performed regarding the value of the run-capacitor (Cun). It s here that all previous 135 models have hould be mentioned been simulated with a capacitance calculated through” (classical design the- ory) which was 18 yF. Since the effects of Cyn are of great importance,” a parametric ana in the range of 10 wF — 40uF (wit ysis was conducted h a step of 0.2 uF) applied to the final selected SPIM topology. Once the cor- rect Cyn value is determined, the industry standards like TEC-60252-1 or EIA-456-A that app capacitors for AC applications shou by the manufacturer. The results of t y to metalized film d be followed then he parametric inves- tigation are shown in Figure 7. The may apply: following comments
TABLE 3 Candidate single-phase induction motor models performance and ranking. Rotor conductors material: Aluminum Abbreviations: H, high; L=low, M, medium; VH, very high; VL, very low.
TABLE 3 Candidate single-phase induction motor models performance and ranking. Rotor conductors material: Aluminum Abbreviations: H, high; L=low, M, medium; VH, very high; VL, very low.
TABLE 4 Candidate single-phase induction motor models performance and ranking. Rotor conductors material: Magnesium Abbreviations: H, high; L=low, M, medium; VH, very high; VL, very low.
TABLE 4 Candidate single-phase induction motor models performance and ranking. Rotor conductors material: Magnesium Abbreviations: H, high; L=low, M, medium; VH, very high; VL, very low.
FIGURE7 Performance of finally selected SPIM topology (Q,=36, Q,=26, and magnesium for rotor cage), with respect to run capacitor variation
FIGURE7 Performance of finally selected SPIM topology (Q,=36, Q,=26, and magnesium for rotor cage), with respect to run capacitor variation
TABLE A2_ Values of single-phase induction motor design parameters
TABLE A2_ Values of single-phase induction motor design parameters
TABLE A3 Performance and geometrical characteristics comparison of sample single-phase induction motor design
TABLE A3 Performance and geometrical characteristics comparison of sample single-phase induction motor design
TABLE A4 Main and auxiliary windings characteristics of the qualifying single-phase induction motor models (see Tables 2-4 )
TABLE A4 Main and auxiliary windings characteristics of the qualifying single-phase induction motor models (see Tables 2-4 )
Related topics:
EngineeringInduction MotorDesign Optimisation of Electrical Machines
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