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LinuxCNC is a computer software program used for numerical control of different types of machines. Some of these are milling machines, lathes and plasma cutters, routers, cutting machines, robots and hexapods among others. The software is capable of controlling up to 9 axis or joints of a CNC machine using G-code. G-code, which has many variants, is the common name for the most widely used numerical control programming language. It is used mainly in computer-aided manufacturing to control automated machine tools. LinuxCNC has several specific kinds of usage such as touch screen, and other interactive devices. Currently, it is almost exclusively used on PC. The software makes extensive use of a real time-modified kernel, and supports both stepper-motors as planned to use. Additionally, LinuxCNC uses the model of interactions with hardware. For instance, it reads the current axis position, calculates a new target position/voltage, and then writes that to the hardware before executing the necessary movements.

Figure 3 LinuxCNC is a computer software program used for numerical control of different types of machines. Some of these are milling machines, lathes and plasma cutters, routers, cutting machines, robots and hexapods among others. The software is capable of controlling up to 9 axis or joints of a CNC machine using G-code. G-code, which has many variants, is the common name for the most widely used numerical control programming language. It is used mainly in computer-aided manufacturing to control automated machine tools. LinuxCNC has several specific kinds of usage such as touch screen, and other interactive devices. Currently, it is almost exclusively used on PC. The software makes extensive use of a real time-modified kernel, and supports both stepper-motors as planned to use. Additionally, LinuxCNC uses the model of interactions with hardware. For instance, it reads the current axis position, calculates a new target position/voltage, and then writes that to the hardware before executing the necessary movements.

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has the potential to be very profitable and desired by a wide range of consumers.
has the potential to be very profitable and desired by a wide range of consumers.
Figure 2. Arduino Shown in Figure 2, the Arduino, is a micro-sized integrated circuit chip used for the control of electrical devices and mechanisms. It is also an open source software that features thousands of libraries, firmware revisions, use cases, and applications. It is intended for anyone making interactive projects such as the Simple Solder or other. Arduino boards can receive information from several sensors or the user and sends commands to devices such as LED technology or step motors depending on the application. The Arduino language consists of a set of C/C++ functions that can be called from code to execute the actions needed. The main goal of this project, is to create a cheap and easy to use soldering CNC machine. This mechanism, is designed to assist with small and medium component soldering. In order to guarantee repeatability with high precession and accuracy, several components were considered. In the end, the following software and hardware devices are utilized in the prototype.
Figure 2. Arduino Shown in Figure 2, the Arduino, is a micro-sized integrated circuit chip used for the control of electrical devices and mechanisms. It is also an open source software that features thousands of libraries, firmware revisions, use cases, and applications. It is intended for anyone making interactive projects such as the Simple Solder or other. Arduino boards can receive information from several sensors or the user and sends commands to devices such as LED technology or step motors depending on the application. The Arduino language consists of a set of C/C++ functions that can be called from code to execute the actions needed. The main goal of this project, is to create a cheap and easy to use soldering CNC machine. This mechanism, is designed to assist with small and medium component soldering. In order to guarantee repeatability with high precession and accuracy, several components were considered. In the end, the following software and hardware devices are utilized in the prototype.
the stepper motor is an electromagnetic device that converts digital pulses into mechanical shaft rotation. Some of the advantages of stepper motors are low cost, high reliability, high torque at low speeds, and their simplicity to control. These are also usually robust and are able to operate in a number of environments. This makes them more than ideal for a home environment where the CNC machines may be exposed to dirt, debris, or run for extended periods of time. The way stepper motors work, consists of a permanent magnetic rotating shaft, called the rotor, and electromagnets on the stationary portion that surrounds the motor, called the stator. Stepper motors have a step angle that determine the angular position of the shaft. Dividing one revolution by the step angle of the motor, gives the number of steps necessary to rotate the shaft to the desired positon. The Arduino controls the motor increments by sending electrical pulses to the spindle, allowing for rotation for both clockwise and counter clockwise directions. A 3D model is created one layer at time by similar printers to the one shown in Figure 5. This process is called rapid prototyping, or 3D printing. A common procedure of rapid printing, is to first apply a fine material such as PLA or ABS in a 3D inkjet printer. The machine then prints out several layers of powder on a bed creating a fixed object. The design is defined by a 3D STL file, which is the format used by most 3D printers. In addition to solid material pallets, the printer is able to use liquids such as photopolymers.
the stepper motor is an electromagnetic device that converts digital pulses into mechanical shaft rotation. Some of the advantages of stepper motors are low cost, high reliability, high torque at low speeds, and their simplicity to control. These are also usually robust and are able to operate in a number of environments. This makes them more than ideal for a home environment where the CNC machines may be exposed to dirt, debris, or run for extended periods of time. The way stepper motors work, consists of a permanent magnetic rotating shaft, called the rotor, and electromagnets on the stationary portion that surrounds the motor, called the stator. Stepper motors have a step angle that determine the angular position of the shaft. Dividing one revolution by the step angle of the motor, gives the number of steps necessary to rotate the shaft to the desired positon. The Arduino controls the motor increments by sending electrical pulses to the spindle, allowing for rotation for both clockwise and counter clockwise directions. A 3D model is created one layer at time by similar printers to the one shown in Figure 5. This process is called rapid prototyping, or 3D printing. A common procedure of rapid printing, is to first apply a fine material such as PLA or ABS in a 3D inkjet printer. The machine then prints out several layers of powder on a bed creating a fixed object. The design is defined by a 3D STL file, which is the format used by most 3D printers. In addition to solid material pallets, the printer is able to use liquids such as photopolymers.
A fixed y-axis gantry was chosen to minimize end-effector movement, since it would carry the heaviest components of the machine. The bed moves linearly along the y-axis with the PCB board or components that are to be soldered. Ideally, z-axis movements would only take place while the bed, x-axis, and y-axis are all stationary. This reduces play in the tip of the iron and allows for repeatable movements. The end effector, solder extruder motor, extrusion tube, soldering iron, and other features, can be seen in Figure 7. 30th Florida Conference on Recent Advances in Robotics, May 11-12, 2017, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
A fixed y-axis gantry was chosen to minimize end-effector movement, since it would carry the heaviest components of the machine. The bed moves linearly along the y-axis with the PCB board or components that are to be soldered. Ideally, z-axis movements would only take place while the bed, x-axis, and y-axis are all stationary. This reduces play in the tip of the iron and allows for repeatable movements. The end effector, solder extruder motor, extrusion tube, soldering iron, and other features, can be seen in Figure 7. 30th Florida Conference on Recent Advances in Robotics, May 11-12, 2017, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
The Initial conceptual design uses three Nema-11 stepper motors for the three primary axes. These are used due to their relatively low weight, small size, and medium torque. An additional Nema-8 stepper motor is used for the solder extrusion seen in Figure 7. The working area of the prototype is a rectangular cuboid of 7.5” x 3” x 3”, allowing the user to solder relatively large PCB boards, tall components, or allow the use of clamps, hold downs, and other devices.
The Initial conceptual design uses three Nema-11 stepper motors for the three primary axes. These are used due to their relatively low weight, small size, and medium torque. An additional Nema-8 stepper motor is used for the solder extrusion seen in Figure 7. The working area of the prototype is a rectangular cuboid of 7.5” x 3” x 3”, allowing the user to solder relatively large PCB boards, tall components, or allow the use of clamps, hold downs, and other devices.
Figure 8. Simple Solder Building Phase J PROTOTYPE AND EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURI The CNC frame components that were used to hold the entire system together are shown in Figure 8. As stated previously, an Arduino board was used to control the stepper motors of the system. After the frame was created, a soldering tool was attach to the end effector of the system once the Arduino and LinuxCNC integration was complete. A feed system was developed that feeds soldering material to the tip of the solder iron. After all components had been assembled, testing was conducted and adjustments were made as needed.
Figure 8. Simple Solder Building Phase J PROTOTYPE AND EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURI The CNC frame components that were used to hold the entire system together are shown in Figure 8. As stated previously, an Arduino board was used to control the stepper motors of the system. After the frame was created, a soldering tool was attach to the end effector of the system once the Arduino and LinuxCNC integration was complete. A feed system was developed that feeds soldering material to the tip of the solder iron. After all components had been assembled, testing was conducted and adjustments were made as needed.
Figure 9. The Repetier-Host
Figure 9. The Repetier-Host
end result, including individual filament colors, before printing. After the slicing process is complete, an image will show all extruder movements and support structures as shown in Figure 10. The efficient use of the build plate can save the user a lot of time. The position and location can be selected manually or using the Repetier Host auto position feature. The software is easy to use, even for beginners, giving the user full control of the simple solder, slicer and printing process if need be. Even biotech companies utilize Repetier Host to print organs. The accessibility and control of the printers from computer platforms such as Windows or Apple products comes in very handy. Not to mention Repetier Host has the ability to run multiple printers simultaneously if applicable.
end result, including individual filament colors, before printing. After the slicing process is complete, an image will show all extruder movements and support structures as shown in Figure 10. The efficient use of the build plate can save the user a lot of time. The position and location can be selected manually or using the Repetier Host auto position feature. The software is easy to use, even for beginners, giving the user full control of the simple solder, slicer and printing process if need be. Even biotech companies utilize Repetier Host to print organs. The accessibility and control of the printers from computer platforms such as Windows or Apple products comes in very handy. Not to mention Repetier Host has the ability to run multiple printers simultaneously if applicable.
A small amount of memory is required to run codes of any size, with the new file management. Price calculations can also be recorded to get the production costs before soldering. The previews image shows a feature which allows for fully configurable, high quality rendered images before executing the program. This is essential for exact and easy recognition of solder locations on a board. Last, the Heat Up Wizard measures heating and cooling speeds needed for accurate soldering and specific soldering material amount to be melted.
A small amount of memory is required to run codes of any size, with the new file management. Price calculations can also be recorded to get the production costs before soldering. The previews image shows a feature which allows for fully configurable, high quality rendered images before executing the program. This is essential for exact and easy recognition of solder locations on a board. Last, the Heat Up Wizard measures heating and cooling speeds needed for accurate soldering and specific soldering material amount to be melted.
Figure 12. Soldering Nozzle Figure 11 shows the 12-Volt battery the Simple Solder operates with. However, for the purpose of this project we will be using soldering wire, which is a 1.75 mm Tin Lead Alloy material. Built for high printing precision, stainless steel rail rods, gears, bearings, and connectors allow for the smooth execution of a given task. The system is able to print on a 220 x 220 x 240 millimeters printing volume. The accuracy achieved by the printer in the XY-axis reaches a 0.012mm and a Z-axis 0.004mm standard deviation.
Figure 12. Soldering Nozzle Figure 11 shows the 12-Volt battery the Simple Solder operates with. However, for the purpose of this project we will be using soldering wire, which is a 1.75 mm Tin Lead Alloy material. Built for high printing precision, stainless steel rail rods, gears, bearings, and connectors allow for the smooth execution of a given task. The system is able to print on a 220 x 220 x 240 millimeters printing volume. The accuracy achieved by the printer in the XY-axis reaches a 0.012mm and a Z-axis 0.004mm standard deviation.
Figure 13. Servo Motor and Material Furthermore, quick release feed gears for faster and effortless filament feeding is shown in Figure 12. This allows for the extrusion of the soldering material through a single 0.4mm diameter nozzle at a printing speed of 100 millimeters per second. Pulleys are made out of metal for improved functionality and performance as shown in Figure 13.
Figure 13. Servo Motor and Material Furthermore, quick release feed gears for faster and effortless filament feeding is shown in Figure 12. This allows for the extrusion of the soldering material through a single 0.4mm diameter nozzle at a printing speed of 100 millimeters per second. Pulleys are made out of metal for improved functionality and performance as shown in Figure 13.
Figure 14. Anet A8 Desktop 3D printer Prusa i3 DIY Kit The prototype is engineered to provide redefined usability, quality, and performance. The Simple Solder is made from a piano-black laser-cut acrylic plate frame with an aluminum base as shown in Figure 14. Additionally, the build your own feel, and the hands on appeal is felt while assembling it. The DIY approach provides 2a memorable step-by-step learning experience of 3D printers from beginning to end. As long as there is a desire for creativity, this product has a great use. Suitable for a wide range of users, young or old, professional or amateur.
Figure 14. Anet A8 Desktop 3D printer Prusa i3 DIY Kit The prototype is engineered to provide redefined usability, quality, and performance. The Simple Solder is made from a piano-black laser-cut acrylic plate frame with an aluminum base as shown in Figure 14. Additionally, the build your own feel, and the hands on appeal is felt while assembling it. The DIY approach provides 2a memorable step-by-step learning experience of 3D printers from beginning to end. As long as there is a desire for creativity, this product has a great use. Suitable for a wide range of users, young or old, professional or amateur.
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