Figure 1 The MMD-<,,, relationship, the curve is a plot of Eq. (7).
Related Figures (10)
Figure 2. T, image of the east central site (ECS) for two passes on 4 September 1992. It contains 1000 scans or about 3.2 km in the east-west direction and 900 m across-track. The brightness temperature range is from 30°C to 45°C. Channel 5 is in red, Channel 3 in green, and Channel 1 in blue. The top image is for line 3 and th bottom for line 2. The three targets areas are indicated. Table 1. Air Temperatures at East Central Site in °C in the image. In the Channel 5 image there is a distinct dark sinuous band near the east edge. The band occurs at a breakaway (Sandy skirt) between the lateritic plateau and surrounding lower ground. At the breakaway the weathering profile of the soil is exposed. This typically consists of a hard surface capping of iron oxides above a mottled zone of iron oxides and kaolinite, and a saprolitic zone of various clays and other secondary minerals. The lower values in the emissivity data for Channel 5 most likely relate to the presence of abundant carbonate and clays exposed in the mottled and saprolitic zones. Figure 3. T, values for three targets at the ECS. The solid symbols are the values at the aircraft and open symbols are the values at the ground, that is, before and after correcting for the effects of the 600 m of atmosphere between the ground and the aircraft. Figure 4. Emissivity images for Channels 2 and 5 derived from the image in Figure 2. The emissiv ities for both channels are in the same gray scale which ranges from <0.8 (black) to >0.97 (white). Figure 5. Comparison of derived emissivities for lines 2 an 3 on 4 September 1992 for the ECS. The values of the derived temperature are given in the legend. The solid symbols are line 2 and the open symbols are for line 3. Figure 6. Comparison of laboratory measured emissivity spectra with TES results for bare soil. These measure- ments were performed by the group from the University of Strasbourg on samples taken from both the east and west central sites. Figure 7. Comparison of derived emissivities for line 2 on 2 and 4 September 1992 for the ECS. The values of the derived temperature are given in the legend. The solid symbols are for 4 September and the open are for 2 September. “ The units for L are mW/m’ sr wm. These values are for a nadir angle 20° which is appropriate for these two targets. Table 2. Atmospheric Parameters Required for Eq. (3) on 4 September 1992 for Three Humidity Levels: as Measured and Multiplied by 1.1 or 0.9" Table 3. Sensitivity of Derived Emissivities to Atmospheric Variations ‘igure 8. Effects of atmospheric correction uncertainties on the derived emissivities for two sites from line 2 m 4 September 1992. The three curves are for the humidity as measured and for it increased/decreased xy 10%. The upper figure is for the tiger bush site and the lower is for Bare Soil site. The derived temperature ire indicated in the legends.
