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As of this writing, it has only been possible to determine that tones exist in Minyong and Tangam. When my consultants are feeling relatively confident in their judgments, it has been possible to find some minimal pairs, which groups of several people agree are distinctive.

Table 4 As of this writing, it has only been possible to determine that tones exist in Minyong and Tangam. When my consultants are feeling relatively confident in their judgments, it has been possible to find some minimal pairs, which groups of several people agree are distinctive.

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1. Introduction
1. Introduction
Figure 3 — Provisional Tani Stammbaum, based on Post and Modi (2011), following Sun (1993) ET/WT affiliation of Tangam is uncertain. Solid lines are languages for which tone has been studied systematically, and reported-on in this paper. Dotted lines are languages for which tone has been identified, but has not been studied systematically. The status of tone in languages not circled is unconfirmed.
Figure 3 — Provisional Tani Stammbaum, based on Post and Modi (2011), following Sun (1993) ET/WT affiliation of Tangam is uncertain. Solid lines are languages for which tone has been studied systematically, and reported-on in this paper. Dotted lines are languages for which tone has been identified, but has not been studied systematically. The status of tone in languages not circled is unconfirmed.
Table 6 — Some morphologically simplex H and L words in Apatani
Table 6 — Some morphologically simplex H and L words in Apatani
Phonetic characteristics of the H contour: tu-nam (level, slight downstep on a syl.) Phonetic characteristics of the L contour: ti-nam (falling from a higher “peak’’) Disyllables in A patani have three possible pitch contours, level, falling or rising: Tani languages differ somewhat in how tones are realized over such words:
Phonetic characteristics of the H contour: tu-nam (level, slight downstep on a syl.) Phonetic characteristics of the L contour: ti-nam (falling from a higher “peak’’) Disyllables in A patani have three possible pitch contours, level, falling or rising: Tani languages differ somewhat in how tones are realized over such words:
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Languages and LinguisticsTone systemsGalo LanguageTani language
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