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Fic. 2. Synoptic map at 0000 UTC 1 February 1985 at 1000-hPa isobaric height. Isoline: are presented every 2 hPa.

Figure 3 Fic. 2. Synoptic map at 0000 UTC 1 February 1985 at 1000-hPa isobaric height. Isoline: are presented every 2 hPa.

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TABLE 1. Model setup.
TABLE 1. Model setup.
Fic. 1. A map of the seeded regions in Israel (as in the Israel II experiment) including the topography as used in the simulations. (a) The map using the middle grid. (b) and (c) The maps using the inner grids for the regions in the north and the south, respectively. The numbered solid lines represent the three seeding lines adapted in the simulations. The areas bounded by dashed lines represent the north and south targets (T), the buffer zone (B), and the control area (C). The towns of Haifa, Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, and Beer Sheva, Israel, as well as Lake Kineret and the Dead Sea, are marked as HE TA, JR, BS, KN, and DS, respectively.
Fic. 1. A map of the seeded regions in Israel (as in the Israel II experiment) including the topography as used in the simulations. (a) The map using the middle grid. (b) and (c) The maps using the inner grids for the regions in the north and the south, respectively. The numbered solid lines represent the three seeding lines adapted in the simulations. The areas bounded by dashed lines represent the north and south targets (T), the buffer zone (B), and the control area (C). The towns of Haifa, Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, and Beer Sheva, Israel, as well as Lake Kineret and the Dead Sea, are marked as HE TA, JR, BS, KN, and DS, respectively.
Fic. 3. (a) A horizontal cross section of total cloud condensate (water + ice + graupel) at 2961 m, showing the results of the simulation of case 1, 1 h from the beginning of the run. The contours have an interval of 0.8 g kg"! starting from 0.5 g kg~! (corresponding to the contours marked as 50). Maximum wind vector in all of Fig. 3 is 18.2 m s~'. (b) Distribution of the concentration of seeding material at about 1300-m height after 1 h of simulation. The minimum contour marked 0.001 corresponds to 1 L~1, and the contour marked 1 corresponds to a total concentration of 10% L~! (1 L~? active at —10°C). (c) Same as (b) but for 2961-m height after 1 h of simulation. The minimum contour is 1 L~!. Heavy dashed line from west to east indicates the position of the cross section used for constructing (d). (d) A vertical cross section of the concentration of seeding material taken along the dashed line shown in (c), which runs through the region where the highest concentration of seeded particles reaches the upper levels of the cloud. Also shown are the isotherms, with solid and dashed curves representing temperatures higher and lower than 0°C, respectively. (e) Same as (a) but at an altitude of 466 m.
Fic. 3. (a) A horizontal cross section of total cloud condensate (water + ice + graupel) at 2961 m, showing the results of the simulation of case 1, 1 h from the beginning of the run. The contours have an interval of 0.8 g kg"! starting from 0.5 g kg~! (corresponding to the contours marked as 50). Maximum wind vector in all of Fig. 3 is 18.2 m s~'. (b) Distribution of the concentration of seeding material at about 1300-m height after 1 h of simulation. The minimum contour marked 0.001 corresponds to 1 L~1, and the contour marked 1 corresponds to a total concentration of 10% L~! (1 L~? active at —10°C). (c) Same as (b) but for 2961-m height after 1 h of simulation. The minimum contour is 1 L~!. Heavy dashed line from west to east indicates the position of the cross section used for constructing (d). (d) A vertical cross section of the concentration of seeding material taken along the dashed line shown in (c), which runs through the region where the highest concentration of seeded particles reaches the upper levels of the cloud. Also shown are the isotherms, with solid and dashed curves representing temperatures higher and lower than 0°C, respectively. (e) Same as (a) but at an altitude of 466 m.
Fic. 4. Synoptic map of case 2 at 0000 UTC 26 February 1985 at 1000-hPa isobaric height. Isolines are presented every 2 hPa.
Fic. 4. Synoptic map of case 2 at 0000 UTC 26 February 1985 at 1000-hPa isobaric height. Isolines are presented every 2 hPa.
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MathematicsAtmospheric sciencesMesoscale MeteorologyIce NucleiApplied Meteorology
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