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As is evident from (42), the corresponding hyperonymic expression may optionally occur as a pre-detailing or post-detailing element: in this example the speaker is first saying that his ex-wife didn’t do any of these things, then the list of co-hyponyms follows, and finally he says that she was a good-for-nothing. In post-detailing position one may also find so-called conjunctive general extender, namely markers such as quant’altro ‘and what have you’/and all that jazz’, e X del genere ‘and things like this’, e X di questo tipo ‘and things like this’, etcetera ‘eccetera. This happens in both (41) and (42). Finally, in (42), the sentences she [my ex-wife] slept every day until 2pm, she didn’t prepare the lunch, she didn’t houseclean, she didn’t wash the linen all refer to the fact that the ex-wife of the speaker was a good-for- nothing.

Table 9 As is evident from (42), the corresponding hyperonymic expression may optionally occur as a pre-detailing or post-detailing element: in this example the speaker is first saying that his ex-wife didn’t do any of these things, then the list of co-hyponyms follows, and finally he says that she was a good-for-nothing. In post-detailing position one may also find so-called conjunctive general extender, namely markers such as quant’altro ‘and what have you’/and all that jazz’, e X del genere ‘and things like this’, e X di questo tipo ‘and things like this’, etcetera ‘eccetera. This happens in both (41) and (42). Finally, in (42), the sentences she [my ex-wife] slept every day until 2pm, she didn’t prepare the lunch, she didn’t houseclean, she didn’t wash the linen all refer to the fact that the ex-wife of the speaker was a good-for- nothing.

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In the case of syndetic list constructions we have distinguished between conjunctive (7), disjunctive (8) and adversative (9) coordinators, basically conveying an additive, an alternative and a contrastive meaning respectively. In order to provide a typology of List Constructions we have first identified eight parameters. First of all, we have distinguished between syndetic and asyndetic List Constructions, that is lists in which z coordinator does occur (as in (6)) and lists where a coordinator does not occur (as in (5)).
In the case of syndetic list constructions we have distinguished between conjunctive (7), disjunctive (8) and adversative (9) coordinators, basically conveying an additive, an alternative and a contrastive meaning respectively. In order to provide a typology of List Constructions we have first identified eight parameters. First of all, we have distinguished between syndetic and asyndetic List Constructions, that is lists in which z coordinator does occur (as in (6)) and lists where a coordinator does not occur (as in (5)).
We have also looked at the prosodic marking of the list. Whether produced within a single tonal unit as in (10) or in more than one tonal unit as in (11), the prosodically unmarked list presents a falling pitch on the tonal syllable of the last listed element. This marks the closure of the list (cf. (10) and (11)). Instead, when there is no falling tone on the tonal syllable of the last item, the list is said to be prosodically open (cf. (12)- (13)).
We have also looked at the prosodic marking of the list. Whether produced within a single tonal unit as in (10) or in more than one tonal unit as in (11), the prosodically unmarked list presents a falling pitch on the tonal syllable of the last listed element. This marks the closure of the list (cf. (10) and (11)). Instead, when there is no falling tone on the tonal syllable of the last item, the list is said to be prosodically open (cf. (12)- (13)).
Another parameter is the category of the listed elements: whether they are words, phrases or entire clauses
Another parameter is the category of the listed elements: whether they are words, phrases or entire clauses
In the case of nouns and noun phrases in the list structure, we have looked at the nature of the determination: so we could distinguish between lists of definite, indefinite or bare nouns.
In the case of nouns and noun phrases in the list structure, we have looked at the nature of the determination: so we could distinguish between lists of definite, indefinite or bare nouns.
A crucial criterion for our analysis has been identified in the semantic relation between the listed items. We have distinguished between non-natural and natural listing, i.e listing of semantically unrelated vs. semantically related elements.
A crucial criterion for our analysis has been identified in the semantic relation between the listed items. We have distinguished between non-natural and natural listing, i.e listing of semantically unrelated vs. semantically related elements.
The last important parameter we have taken into consideration is the nature of the elements filling the pre- and post-detailing positions and of the insertions. This (mostly discourse) markers can be conjunctive or disjunctive general extender in post-detailing position (cfr. Overstreet 2005), indicators of reformulation in insertion (Bazzanella 1994), and so on. They can refer to the ideational plan or to the metatextual plan with important effects on the interpretation of the list. (h) Markers in pre-detailing position, post-detailing position, insertions
The last important parameter we have taken into consideration is the nature of the elements filling the pre- and post-detailing positions and of the insertions. This (mostly discourse) markers can be conjunctive or disjunctive general extender in post-detailing position (cfr. Overstreet 2005), indicators of reformulation in insertion (Bazzanella 1994), and so on. They can refer to the ideational plan or to the metatextual plan with important effects on the interpretation of the list. (h) Markers in pre-detailing position, post-detailing position, insertions
Table 1. Features of the Generalizing List Construction This construction can be identified by the features illustrated in Table 1. 3.1. Generalizing List Construction (GLC)
Table 1. Features of the Generalizing List Construction This construction can be identified by the features illustrated in Table 1. 3.1. Generalizing List Construction (GLC)
* E.g., among others, e quant’altro ‘and what have/and all that jazz’, e X del genere ‘and things like this’, e X di questo tipo ‘and things like this’, insomma ‘in brief’. Table 2. Features of the Collective List Construction
* E.g., among others, e quant’altro ‘and what have/and all that jazz’, e X del genere ‘and things like this’, e X di questo tipo ‘and things like this’, insomma ‘in brief’. Table 2. Features of the Collective List Construction
* E.g. e ancora ‘and again’, molto ‘much’. Table 3. Features of the Intensifying List Construction 3.3. Intensifying List Construction (ILC)
* E.g. e ancora ‘and again’, molto ‘much’. Table 3. Features of the Intensifying List Construction 3.3. Intensifying List Construction (ILC)
In (47) and (48), instead, we have nominal elements. In this case we may obtain two meanings: a ‘high quantity’ meaning and a ‘distributive’ meaning. In (47) the repetition of work means ‘a lot work’ (high quantity). In (48), instead, kiwi kiwi kiwi means ‘always kiwi’ or ‘kiwi all the time’ (distributivity).
In (47) and (48), instead, we have nominal elements. In this case we may obtain two meanings: a ‘high quantity’ meaning and a ‘distributive’ meaning. In (47) the repetition of work means ‘a lot work’ (high quantity). In (48), instead, kiwi kiwi kiwi means ‘always kiwi’ or ‘kiwi all the time’ (distributivity).
* E.g. una roba/cosa cosi ‘something like this’, o quello che é/sia ‘or whatever it is’, o cose di questo tipo ‘or things like this/of this sort’. Table 4. Features of the Conceptually Approximative List Construction The last Construction we are going to analyse is the Approximative List Construction. Its identifying properties are given in Table 4. 3.4.1. Conceptually Approximative List Construction 3.4. Approximative List Construction (ALC)
* E.g. una roba/cosa cosi ‘something like this’, o quello che é/sia ‘or whatever it is’, o cose di questo tipo ‘or things like this/of this sort’. Table 4. Features of the Conceptually Approximative List Construction The last Construction we are going to analyse is the Approximative List Construction. Its identifying properties are given in Table 4. 3.4.1. Conceptually Approximative List Construction 3.4. Approximative List Construction (ALC)
3.4.2. Metatextually Approximative List Construction
3.4.2. Metatextually Approximative List Construction
* E.g. come si chiama/dice ‘how do you say/call this’, non mi viene la parola ‘I can’t find the word (for this)’, etc. ** Eg. o come si chiama ‘or how it is called’. Table 5. Features of the Metatextually Approximative List Construction
* E.g. come si chiama/dice ‘how do you say/call this’, non mi viene la parola ‘I can’t find the word (for this)’, etc. ** Eg. o come si chiama ‘or how it is called’. Table 5. Features of the Metatextually Approximative List Construction
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