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Universiti Malaysia Pahang (www.ump.edu.my), Malaysia, under the grant scheme No. RDU190304. the wireless camera can be changed into an IP camera to Our system’s GUI needs to be improved to overcome limitations of both Adafruit.io MQTT server webpage and MQTT Dash mobile application. We will develop our own web-based and Android-based dashboards for laptops, PCs and smartphones, to add more monitoring and controlling functionalities based on our system requirements. Another limitation of the developed system is the wireless camera used, which is can only be connected to a local network. Parents can only view the section where the camera is positioned when they are connected to the same network as that of the wireless camera. TransFlash card can be used for the camera to record the baby’s activities, but it is not considered real-time monitoring. Therefore, for future works, the wireless camera can be changed into an IP camera to APPENDIX The research was supported by the Ministry of Education, Malaysia under the grant scheme No. FRGS/1/2018/TK04/UMP/02/11 (RDU190133) and

Figure 21 Universiti Malaysia Pahang (www.ump.edu.my), Malaysia, under the grant scheme No. RDU190304. the wireless camera can be changed into an IP camera to Our system’s GUI needs to be improved to overcome limitations of both Adafruit.io MQTT server webpage and MQTT Dash mobile application. We will develop our own web-based and Android-based dashboards for laptops, PCs and smartphones, to add more monitoring and controlling functionalities based on our system requirements. Another limitation of the developed system is the wireless camera used, which is can only be connected to a local network. Parents can only view the section where the camera is positioned when they are connected to the same network as that of the wireless camera. TransFlash card can be used for the camera to record the baby’s activities, but it is not considered real-time monitoring. Therefore, for future works, the wireless camera can be changed into an IP camera to APPENDIX The research was supported by the Ministry of Education, Malaysia under the grant scheme No. FRGS/1/2018/TK04/UMP/02/11 (RDU190133) and

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non-urban areas because of their low cost and simplicity. However, conventional cradles are manually swung and require manpower. They lack automation and are not electronically equipped. Consequently, conventional cradles should be automated to become more convenient, safe, and efficient in monitoring the baby’s situation in real time. FIGURE 1. Conventional baby cradle. The remainder of this paper is structured as follows. The next section introduces the background and related works. Section III presents the design and fabrication of smart cradle. The details of the developed IoT-BBMS system architecture, implementation, and _ functionalities are explained in Section IV. The results and discussion are highlighted in Section V. Finally, the conclusion drawn is presented in Section VI. Tl) 6PM A PRIS PRR PRL OA RI Fas AT LAT mmivsem
non-urban areas because of their low cost and simplicity. However, conventional cradles are manually swung and require manpower. They lack automation and are not electronically equipped. Consequently, conventional cradles should be automated to become more convenient, safe, and efficient in monitoring the baby’s situation in real time. FIGURE 1. Conventional baby cradle. The remainder of this paper is structured as follows. The next section introduces the background and related works. Section III presents the design and fabrication of smart cradle. The details of the developed IoT-BBMS system architecture, implementation, and _ functionalities are explained in Section IV. The results and discussion are highlighted in Section V. Finally, the conclusion drawn is presented in Section VI. Tl) 6PM A PRIS PRR PRL OA RI Fas AT LAT mmivsem
FIGURE 2. Flowchart of research activities. After the selection process of the components, we designed and fabricated the baby cradle, into which IoT- BBMS was subsequently installed. B. CRADLE DESIGN
FIGURE 2. Flowchart of research activities. After the selection process of the components, we designed and fabricated the baby cradle, into which IoT- BBMS was subsequently installed. B. CRADLE DESIGN
The baby cradle is rectangular in shape and has fences that keep the baby from falling off the front and can still look outside from their cradle. T similar to a door, but it does not operate side. The baby he back side is sideways and it moves to 90 degrees from the initial state. A latch is used to close and attach the cradle. The designed ba in-1 type. It can be an improvised ba by cradle is a 2- by cradle with technology attached. It can also be a changing table, because the back side of the cradle can be moved down, thereby transforming it into a table. Hence, it is easier for the end- user to change the baby’s diaper or clothes. This design is also suitable for babies 2 years old and older. FIGURE 3. Baby cradle design. C. BABY CRADLE FABRICATION
The baby cradle is rectangular in shape and has fences that keep the baby from falling off the front and can still look outside from their cradle. T similar to a door, but it does not operate side. The baby he back side is sideways and it moves to 90 degrees from the initial state. A latch is used to close and attach the cradle. The designed ba in-1 type. It can be an improvised ba by cradle is a 2- by cradle with technology attached. It can also be a changing table, because the back side of the cradle can be moved down, thereby transforming it into a table. Hence, it is easier for the end- user to change the baby’s diaper or clothes. This design is also suitable for babies 2 years old and older. FIGURE 3. Baby cradle design. C. BABY CRADLE FABRICATION
The assembling process was performed using glue, screw, and nut, which hold all parts of the baby cradle including its legs and electrical parts. Every part had to be secured by glue to ensure strength and durability. The fabrication process is illustrated in Figure 4. Four rotating wheels with locks on each wheel were used in the baby cradle prototype to allow it to move around the house of the user. The rotating wheels, shown in Figure 5 (a), are installed in the four corners below the prototype. Whenever the baby is placed in the cradle, the user must lock the wheels of the cradle to prevent cradle movement. The wheels could be unlocked or locked based on the user’s preference. FIGURE 4. Cradle fabrication process. The entire baby cradle was finished with shellac in pine wood color. However, the color is unattractive, so we changed it. We used white color decorated with a maroon ribbon, and then placed the baby bed. We layered the paint four times to ensure that all parts of the wood are totally covered. A sound sensor is placed at the top of the baby
The assembling process was performed using glue, screw, and nut, which hold all parts of the baby cradle including its legs and electrical parts. Every part had to be secured by glue to ensure strength and durability. The fabrication process is illustrated in Figure 4. Four rotating wheels with locks on each wheel were used in the baby cradle prototype to allow it to move around the house of the user. The rotating wheels, shown in Figure 5 (a), are installed in the four corners below the prototype. Whenever the baby is placed in the cradle, the user must lock the wheels of the cradle to prevent cradle movement. The wheels could be unlocked or locked based on the user’s preference. FIGURE 4. Cradle fabrication process. The entire baby cradle was finished with shellac in pine wood color. However, the color is unattractive, so we changed it. We used white color decorated with a maroon ribbon, and then placed the baby bed. We layered the paint four times to ensure that all parts of the wood are totally covered. A sound sensor is placed at the top of the baby
FIGURE 6. Component circuit diagram. FIGURE 7. Proteus stimulation of the control circuit. B. IMPLEMENTATION OF IOT-BBMS
FIGURE 6. Component circuit diagram. FIGURE 7. Proteus stimulation of the control circuit. B. IMPLEMENTATION OF IOT-BBMS
Simulation software, all the electrical and electronic components were assembled and connected to the micro- controller and programmed using Arduino software (IDE). However, the Proteus software was not fully utilized, because some of the component libraries were not found in the software, as well as on the Internet. Therefore, the sensors and components had to be tested experimentally using Arduino UNO. A LED is used to replace the actuators due to the lack of the library in the Proteus software.
Simulation software, all the electrical and electronic components were assembled and connected to the micro- controller and programmed using Arduino software (IDE). However, the Proteus software was not fully utilized, because some of the component libraries were not found in the software, as well as on the Internet. Therefore, the sensors and components had to be tested experimentally using Arduino UNO. A LED is used to replace the actuators due to the lack of the library in the Proteus software.
FIGURE 8. . (a) Side view of the electrical box; (b) MD10-POT 10Amp DC Motor Driver. The DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor was mounted on the side of the electrical box by drilling a hole to enable the sensor to fit in the hole, as shown in Figure 8 (a), to measure the ambient temperature. Thus, the DHT22 sensor can be exposed to the surrounding temperature and then measured for uploading to the MQTT server. A sound sensor is placed at the top of the baby’s cradle to enable sound detection. Figure 8(b) shows the MD10-POT 10 Amp DC motor driver used to vary the speed of the 12 V DC motor that swings the cradle. The motor driver supports the motor voltage that ranges from 7 V to 30 V and can withstand the maximum current up to 10 A continuous and 30 A peak (10 seconds). The speed, round per minute (RPM), of the connected DC motor can be varied by tuning the potentiometer and the rotating direction with a two-direction switch. The black knob under the DHT22 in Figure 8 (a) is the potentiometer of the DC motor driver that allows the user to manually adjust the speed of the baby cradle.
FIGURE 8. . (a) Side view of the electrical box; (b) MD10-POT 10Amp DC Motor Driver. The DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor was mounted on the side of the electrical box by drilling a hole to enable the sensor to fit in the hole, as shown in Figure 8 (a), to measure the ambient temperature. Thus, the DHT22 sensor can be exposed to the surrounding temperature and then measured for uploading to the MQTT server. A sound sensor is placed at the top of the baby’s cradle to enable sound detection. Figure 8(b) shows the MD10-POT 10 Amp DC motor driver used to vary the speed of the 12 V DC motor that swings the cradle. The motor driver supports the motor voltage that ranges from 7 V to 30 V and can withstand the maximum current up to 10 A continuous and 30 A peak (10 seconds). The speed, round per minute (RPM), of the connected DC motor can be varied by tuning the potentiometer and the rotating direction with a two-direction switch. The black knob under the DHT22 in Figure 8 (a) is the potentiometer of the DC motor driver that allows the user to manually adjust the speed of the baby cradle.
FIGURE 9. Rotating mechanism of the baby cradle. The rotating mechanism for swinging the cradle is displayed in Figure 9. A piece of aluminum sheet was cut into a round shape. The DC motor was then locked with a motor coupler attached to the piece of the round aluminum sheet. The edge of the aluminum sheet was punched into a hole by using a drill machine. A wood was cut into 30 cm long, 2 cm width, and 2 cm height. The wood was then
FIGURE 9. Rotating mechanism of the baby cradle. The rotating mechanism for swinging the cradle is displayed in Figure 9. A piece of aluminum sheet was cut into a round shape. The DC motor was then locked with a motor coupler attached to the piece of the round aluminum sheet. The edge of the aluminum sheet was punched into a hole by using a drill machine. A wood was cut into 30 cm long, 2 cm width, and 2 cm height. The wood was then
ine wireless camera can be connected in three steps, as shown in Figure 10. The first step is to connect to the available Wi-Fi network in the house. The user has to setup the configuration of the wireless camera during the initial setting. The second step is directly connecting to the wireless camera’s built-in Wi-Fi, which is the AP connection. The benefit of the AP connection is that the setting configuration can be faster due to direct connection from the mobile phone to the camera. The third step is using the wired connection via Ethernet cable directly from the Internet modem to the wireless camera. For all three steps, the setup processes are the same. The real-time camera is used for visual monitoring of the baby’s situation as an add-on functionality for the developed smart cradle. The quality of the camera view can be viewed in high definition (HD). With a photoresistor and IR LEDs, the camera also records night vision of the house. The wireless camera head is rotatable with 355° pan and 120° tilt.
ine wireless camera can be connected in three steps, as shown in Figure 10. The first step is to connect to the available Wi-Fi network in the house. The user has to setup the configuration of the wireless camera during the initial setting. The second step is directly connecting to the wireless camera’s built-in Wi-Fi, which is the AP connection. The benefit of the AP connection is that the setting configuration can be faster due to direct connection from the mobile phone to the camera. The third step is using the wired connection via Ethernet cable directly from the Internet modem to the wireless camera. For all three steps, the setup processes are the same. The real-time camera is used for visual monitoring of the baby’s situation as an add-on functionality for the developed smart cradle. The quality of the camera view can be viewed in high definition (HD). With a photoresistor and IR LEDs, the camera also records night vision of the house. The wireless camera head is rotatable with 355° pan and 120° tilt.
FIGURE 12. Pin solder connection. FIGURE 11. Connection of the sensors and actuators on the breadboard. After enhancement and optimization, some components were soldered on the Donut board. A pair of female headers was soldered on the donut board for the microcontroller, which can be removed whenever any replacement is required in the future. The sound sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor were placed outside the solder board to measure the surrounding readings. Each microcontroller pin
FIGURE 12. Pin solder connection. FIGURE 11. Connection of the sensors and actuators on the breadboard. After enhancement and optimization, some components were soldered on the Donut board. A pair of female headers was soldered on the donut board for the microcontroller, which can be removed whenever any replacement is required in the future. The sound sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor were placed outside the solder board to measure the surrounding readings. Each microcontroller pin
Figure 11 shows the connection and the testing of the outcome of the system for better optimization. In the coding, the fan was set to turn on automatically whenever the measured temperature reached 28 °C or higher. The sound sensor was given a certain range of threshold values, because the value measured by the sound sensor had a slight fluctuation. Whenever the measured value exceeded the threshold value, the DC motor connected to the relay was turned on to swing the baby cradle.
Figure 11 shows the connection and the testing of the outcome of the system for better optimization. In the coding, the fan was set to turn on automatically whenever the measured temperature reached 28 °C or higher. The sound sensor was given a certain range of threshold values, because the value measured by the sound sensor had a slight fluctuation. Whenever the measured value exceeded the threshold value, the DC motor connected to the relay was turned on to swing the baby cradle.
FIGURE 13. Actual connection on donut board. was extended using the female headers. Each microcontroller’s female header pin was soldered to each extended female pin on the donut board and tested with the digital multimeter to ensure the continuity and sufficiency of each pin. Figure 12 shows the pin solder connection on the top and bottom views. D. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
FIGURE 13. Actual connection on donut board. was extended using the female headers. Each microcontroller’s female header pin was soldered to each extended female pin on the donut board and tested with the digital multimeter to ensure the continuity and sufficiency of each pin. Figure 12 shows the pin solder connection on the top and bottom views. D. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
b) Installation of all components in an electrical box The system architecture consists of a baby cradle that automatically swings using a motor when the baby cries according to the sound sensor signal. In addition, a mini fan automatically opens to provide a cool temperature surrounding to the baby based on the temperature sensor. The parents can observe the normal data recorded in the MQTT server cloud, such as ambient temperature and remote switches, through the Internet using MQTT server, whereas the abnormal conditions are conveyed to the parents with triggering alarm to take appropriate actions. The parents can also monitor the baby’s condition through an external web camera and switch on the lullaby toy located on the baby’s cradle remotely via the MQTT server to entertain the baby.
b) Installation of all components in an electrical box The system architecture consists of a baby cradle that automatically swings using a motor when the baby cries according to the sound sensor signal. In addition, a mini fan automatically opens to provide a cool temperature surrounding to the baby based on the temperature sensor. The parents can observe the normal data recorded in the MQTT server cloud, such as ambient temperature and remote switches, through the Internet using MQTT server, whereas the abnormal conditions are conveyed to the parents with triggering alarm to take appropriate actions. The parents can also monitor the baby’s condition through an external web camera and switch on the lullaby toy located on the baby’s cradle remotely via the MQTT server to entertain the baby.
NodeMCU, which is a_ low-cost thumb-sized microcontroller, is used as the central controlling unit. NodeMCU is an open-source software and development board that is embedded with a System-on-chip (SoC) named ESP8266. It is a self-contained Wi-Fi networking solution offering as a bridge from existing microcontroller to Wi-Fi. It is also capable of running self-contained applications. It has a built-in USB connector that connects to the computer using a USB cable for upload coding. This is same as the other development boards available in the market, such as Arduino and Raspberry Pi. controlled by the microcontroller. When the condenser MIC detected sound from the baby, a signal is sent to NodeMCU. NodeMCU switches the relay that is connected to a DC motor, which in turn is connected to the cradle for swinging purposes. The temperature and humidity sensor measures the room temperature, records the readings in the NodeMCU, and uploads the readings to the MQTT server at the same time. If the room’s temperature exceeded a certain temperature, then the NodeMCU switches on the relay connected to the mini fan to lower the temperature and cool the baby, as well as prevent overheating. An external Wi-Fi camera is used in this system to allow the parent to monitor the real-time baby condition. In the developed system, Algorithm 1 is developed and implemented in NodeMCU controller to perform the required monitoring and control tasks. NodeMCU is an open-source software and development [his article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: I at we 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2928481, IEEE Access
NodeMCU, which is a_ low-cost thumb-sized microcontroller, is used as the central controlling unit. NodeMCU is an open-source software and development board that is embedded with a System-on-chip (SoC) named ESP8266. It is a self-contained Wi-Fi networking solution offering as a bridge from existing microcontroller to Wi-Fi. It is also capable of running self-contained applications. It has a built-in USB connector that connects to the computer using a USB cable for upload coding. This is same as the other development boards available in the market, such as Arduino and Raspberry Pi. controlled by the microcontroller. When the condenser MIC detected sound from the baby, a signal is sent to NodeMCU. NodeMCU switches the relay that is connected to a DC motor, which in turn is connected to the cradle for swinging purposes. The temperature and humidity sensor measures the room temperature, records the readings in the NodeMCU, and uploads the readings to the MQTT server at the same time. If the room’s temperature exceeded a certain temperature, then the NodeMCU switches on the relay connected to the mini fan to lower the temperature and cool the baby, as well as prevent overheating. An external Wi-Fi camera is used in this system to allow the parent to monitor the real-time baby condition. In the developed system, Algorithm 1 is developed and implemented in NodeMCU controller to perform the required monitoring and control tasks. NodeMCU is an open-source software and development [his article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: I at we 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2928481, IEEE Access
FIGURE 15. Flowchart of the system. Figure 15 shows the flowchart of the general work flow of the baby monitoring system. The NodeMCU had to be connected to the pre-set Wi-Fi network when power of the microcontroller is turned on. The buzzer rings for 1 second to indicate that the microcontroller is connected to the Wi-Fi network. The user must access the Internet via their mobile phone/laptop to monitor and control the smart cradle. Then, the user has to run applications for MQTT Dash or wireless camera. The system starts working by checking the detection of sound through the sound sensor. The measured reading might fluctuate due to wind or noise. Hence, a range of threshold values was set for the fluctuation detection. When the baby’s cry is detected, the measured value exceeds the threshold value, and the cradle is swung by turning on the Relay 1 connected to the DC geared motor either automatically or manually. The user is notified through the IFTTT mobile application’s notification once the sound is detected. Then,
FIGURE 15. Flowchart of the system. Figure 15 shows the flowchart of the general work flow of the baby monitoring system. The NodeMCU had to be connected to the pre-set Wi-Fi network when power of the microcontroller is turned on. The buzzer rings for 1 second to indicate that the microcontroller is connected to the Wi-Fi network. The user must access the Internet via their mobile phone/laptop to monitor and control the smart cradle. Then, the user has to run applications for MQTT Dash or wireless camera. The system starts working by checking the detection of sound through the sound sensor. The measured reading might fluctuate due to wind or noise. Hence, a range of threshold values was set for the fluctuation detection. When the baby’s cry is detected, the measured value exceeds the threshold value, and the cradle is swung by turning on the Relay 1 connected to the DC geared motor either automatically or manually. The user is notified through the IFTTT mobile application’s notification once the sound is detected. Then,
FIGURE 16. Smart cradle final prototype. The data measured by the utilized sensors, namely, sound sensor, temperature, and humidity are updated to the Internet and can be accessed via the Adafruit MQTT server and MQTT Dash mobile applications. A mobile MQTT application, which is compatible with the Android operating system mobile phone, can be downloaded from the Play Store. The application’s name is “MQTT Dash,” which can be synchronized with the Adafruit MQTT server. After some optimization and testing, we select this application for developing our dashboard due to its simplicity and user friendliness in terms of the view and usage. During the synchronization process, the targeted MQTT server address is required, followed by the host port, the username, and the specified authentication token provided by the server. Figure 10 shows the requirements of the synchronization process for the mobile apps to share the same data received from the sensors. The password represents the authentication token (AIO key) generated by the MQTT server.
FIGURE 16. Smart cradle final prototype. The data measured by the utilized sensors, namely, sound sensor, temperature, and humidity are updated to the Internet and can be accessed via the Adafruit MQTT server and MQTT Dash mobile applications. A mobile MQTT application, which is compatible with the Android operating system mobile phone, can be downloaded from the Play Store. The application’s name is “MQTT Dash,” which can be synchronized with the Adafruit MQTT server. After some optimization and testing, we select this application for developing our dashboard due to its simplicity and user friendliness in terms of the view and usage. During the synchronization process, the targeted MQTT server address is required, followed by the host port, the username, and the specified authentication token provided by the server. Figure 10 shows the requirements of the synchronization process for the mobile apps to share the same data received from the sensors. The password represents the authentication token (AIO key) generated by the MQTT server.
FIGURE 17. Process of synchronizing apps with MQTT server. As shown in Figures 18 and 19, the MQTT server and MQTT Dash apps are synchronized and displayed the same readings uploaded by the NodeMCU microcontroller of the baby monitoring system. The smart cradle can swing automatically whenever sound is detected by the sound sensor. A notification, shown in Figure 20, is sent to the user through IFTTT mobile application to notify the user that crying is detected on the baby monitoring system. The user can also remotely control the cradle to swing manually by toggling the switch in the MQTT server or mobile apps. The mini fan is designed to turn on automatically whenever the room’s temperature, measured by the temperature sensor, is higher than 28 °C. The user can also remotely switch the mini fan ON and OFF through the MQTT server and mobile application. A musical toy, which can be controlled by the user, is installed to entertain the baby. For visual monitoring of the baby’s situation, Figure 21 shows the camera view taken from a mobile application. Real-time visual monitoring is achieved by using an external wireless camera.
FIGURE 17. Process of synchronizing apps with MQTT server. As shown in Figures 18 and 19, the MQTT server and MQTT Dash apps are synchronized and displayed the same readings uploaded by the NodeMCU microcontroller of the baby monitoring system. The smart cradle can swing automatically whenever sound is detected by the sound sensor. A notification, shown in Figure 20, is sent to the user through IFTTT mobile application to notify the user that crying is detected on the baby monitoring system. The user can also remotely control the cradle to swing manually by toggling the switch in the MQTT server or mobile apps. The mini fan is designed to turn on automatically whenever the room’s temperature, measured by the temperature sensor, is higher than 28 °C. The user can also remotely switch the mini fan ON and OFF through the MQTT server and mobile application. A musical toy, which can be controlled by the user, is installed to entertain the baby. For visual monitoring of the baby’s situation, Figure 21 shows the camera view taken from a mobile application. Real-time visual monitoring is achieved by using an external wireless camera.
FIGURE 18. User interface on the Adafruit.io MQTT server webpage.
FIGURE 18. User interface on the Adafruit.io MQTT server webpage.
FIGURE 19. MQTT Dash mobile application interface.
FIGURE 19. MQTT Dash mobile application interface.
FIGURE 21. Wireless camera view. addition, the color of the relay status (GREEN/RED) 1s updated when the relays are switched ON/OFF due to the triggering of the conditions by the sensors or manually controlled by the user. The relay switch icons turn green whenever the relays are turned on, whereas the icon turns red to indicate that the relays are off. Three display blocks are found with some values. The data from the sensors are uploaded to those blocks. The sensors measure the readings uploaded into the server by the NodeMCU through the Wi- Fi network. The user can select from the developed GUI whether to monitor the measured values from the system or the status of the switches/relays at once in one glance. whether to monitor the measured values from the system or [he change in sensor reading and their effects on actuator status are depicted in the same dashboard, thereby showing the MQTT GUI via mobile phone for two different cases. In the first case shown in Figure 22(a), the sound level is low as well as the obtained readings from the DHT22 sensor (temperature and humidity). Thus, all actuators (motor, fan, and musical toys) are in the OFF state. Figure 22(b) indicates the impact of increasing the level of the baby’s sound on the DC motor, which swings the cradle and switches ON the musical toy. Similarly, the increase in the ambient temperature switches ON the mini fan to provide a suitable environment for the convenience of the baby.
FIGURE 21. Wireless camera view. addition, the color of the relay status (GREEN/RED) 1s updated when the relays are switched ON/OFF due to the triggering of the conditions by the sensors or manually controlled by the user. The relay switch icons turn green whenever the relays are turned on, whereas the icon turns red to indicate that the relays are off. Three display blocks are found with some values. The data from the sensors are uploaded to those blocks. The sensors measure the readings uploaded into the server by the NodeMCU through the Wi- Fi network. The user can select from the developed GUI whether to monitor the measured values from the system or the status of the switches/relays at once in one glance. whether to monitor the measured values from the system or [he change in sensor reading and their effects on actuator status are depicted in the same dashboard, thereby showing the MQTT GUI via mobile phone for two different cases. In the first case shown in Figure 22(a), the sound level is low as well as the obtained readings from the DHT22 sensor (temperature and humidity). Thus, all actuators (motor, fan, and musical toys) are in the OFF state. Figure 22(b) indicates the impact of increasing the level of the baby’s sound on the DC motor, which swings the cradle and switches ON the musical toy. Similarly, the increase in the ambient temperature switches ON the mini fan to provide a suitable environment for the convenience of the baby.
FIGURE 22. Sensor and actuator status: (a) OFF State; (b) ON State. Author Name: Preparation of Papers for IEEE Access (February 2017) The prototype was also tested with the time delay of the upload data from the system to the MQTT server. The process of uploading and fetching the data to and from the server had some time delay of approximately 1 second. Several testing processes were performed, and no time delay was observed in some instances. However, some results of the testing showed a slight time delay. After several testing and fabrication processes, the possibility of the occurrence of time delay depended on the strength of the connected network. No time delay was detected when the Wi-Fi connection was sufficiently strong. This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: D es es 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2928481, IEEE Access
FIGURE 22. Sensor and actuator status: (a) OFF State; (b) ON State. Author Name: Preparation of Papers for IEEE Access (February 2017) The prototype was also tested with the time delay of the upload data from the system to the MQTT server. The process of uploading and fetching the data to and from the server had some time delay of approximately 1 second. Several testing processes were performed, and no time delay was observed in some instances. However, some results of the testing showed a slight time delay. After several testing and fabrication processes, the possibility of the occurrence of time delay depended on the strength of the connected network. No time delay was detected when the Wi-Fi connection was sufficiently strong. This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: D es es 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2928481, IEEE Access
Akram A. Almohammedi received B.Sc. in Electronics Engineering from Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur (IUKL), Malaysia in 2012. He obtained his M.Sc. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering majoring in Computer and Communication System from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Malaysia in 2014. Currently he is a Ph.D student at University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia, his research interest includes Vehicular Ad hoc Network, Multi-channel MAC, Wireless Sensor Networks. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. ‘his article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: ] ie cs 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2928481, IEEE Access
Akram A. Almohammedi received B.Sc. in Electronics Engineering from Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur (IUKL), Malaysia in 2012. He obtained his M.Sc. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering majoring in Computer and Communication System from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Malaysia in 2014. Currently he is a Ph.D student at University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia, his research interest includes Vehicular Ad hoc Network, Multi-channel MAC, Wireless Sensor Networks. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. ‘his article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: ] ie cs 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2928481, IEEE Access
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