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Figure 6- Pavement structure and draining problems, South Beach San Andreas Source: Assessment Team, 2016

Figure 6 - Pavement structure and draining problems, South Beach San Andreas Source: Assessment Team, 2016

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Table 1- Effects of Hurricane Matthew by sector Source: Assessment Team, 2016
Table 1- Effects of Hurricane Matthew by sector Source: Assessment Team, 2016
Table 2- Effects of Hurricane Matthew by island Source: Assessment Team, 2016 Table 2 displays the total hurricane costs by island. Nearly seventy per cent of the total cost occurred in Grand Bahama; 23 per cent, in New Providence. Andros accounts for 4.6 per cent of the total and the Berry Islands for 0.3 per cent.
Table 2- Effects of Hurricane Matthew by island Source: Assessment Team, 2016 Table 2 displays the total hurricane costs by island. Nearly seventy per cent of the total cost occurred in Grand Bahama; 23 per cent, in New Providence. Andros accounts for 4.6 per cent of the total and the Berry Islands for 0.3 per cent.
Table 3- Estimated public and private damage, losses and additional cost: of Hurricane Matthew by economic sector and subsector The sector distribution of damage is as follows: 54.5 per cent in the so- cial sector, 10.2 per cent in infrastructure, 34.8 per cent in the produc- tive sectors and 0.5 per cent in the environment. In the social sectors, 98.2 per cent of damages occurred in housing. In infrastructure, 42.8 per cent of damages was to the electrical power sector. In the productive sectors, 99.4 per cent of damages occurred in the tourism sector.
Table 3- Estimated public and private damage, losses and additional cost: of Hurricane Matthew by economic sector and subsector The sector distribution of damage is as follows: 54.5 per cent in the so- cial sector, 10.2 per cent in infrastructure, 34.8 per cent in the produc- tive sectors and 0.5 per cent in the environment. In the social sectors, 98.2 per cent of damages occurred in housing. In infrastructure, 42.8 per cent of damages was to the electrical power sector. In the productive sectors, 99.4 per cent of damages occurred in the tourism sector.
Figure 1- \W/ind swath of Hurricane Matthew Source: United States National Hurricane Centre
Figure 1- \W/ind swath of Hurricane Matthew Source: United States National Hurricane Centre
Figure 2- Path of Hurricane Matthew in The Bahamas Source: United States National Hurricane Centre
Figure 2- Path of Hurricane Matthew in The Bahamas Source: United States National Hurricane Centre
Table 4- Demographics of affected islands Source: Bahamas Census, 2010 ” This was estimated using data from the 2010 Census of The Bahamas.
Table 4- Demographics of affected islands Source: Bahamas Census, 2010 ” This was estimated using data from the 2010 Census of The Bahamas.
Source: Ministry of Social Services, October 2016 Table 5- Shelters by island and population in shelters The country was relatively well prepared, as indicated by the facts that there were no deaths or major injuries directly caused by the hurricane and that relatively few people needed shelters. It is necessary to empha- size that a “culture of hurricanes” in The Bahamas encourages inhab- itants to take protective measures beforehand. This should continue to deepen, because reduction of disaster risk begins with education on these issues as early as primary school. In addition, information regard- ing the hurricane was transmitted to the population in a timely manner.
Source: Ministry of Social Services, October 2016 Table 5- Shelters by island and population in shelters The country was relatively well prepared, as indicated by the facts that there were no deaths or major injuries directly caused by the hurricane and that relatively few people needed shelters. It is necessary to empha- size that a “culture of hurricanes” in The Bahamas encourages inhab- itants to take protective measures beforehand. This should continue to deepen, because reduction of disaster risk begins with education on these issues as early as primary school. In addition, information regard- ing the hurricane was transmitted to the population in a timely manner.
Table 6- Estimated damage to dwellings by island Source: Elaborated with data provided by the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA), The Bahamas Insurance Association and local authorities.
Table 6- Estimated damage to dwellings by island Source: Elaborated with data provided by the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA), The Bahamas Insurance Association and local authorities.
Table 7- Summary of levels of damage to housing by district, as of 29 October 2016 Source: extrapolated from data provided by the CDEMA and local authorities
Table 7- Summary of levels of damage to housing by district, as of 29 October 2016 Source: extrapolated from data provided by the CDEMA and local authorities
Source: Assessment team Figure 3- Conch shells used as an aggregate in concrete slab destroyed by storm surge in Lowe Sound
Source: Assessment team Figure 3- Conch shells used as an aggregate in concrete slab destroyed by storm surge in Lowe Sound
-igure 4- Photos showing front walls, buildings and other major damage caused by storm winds and surge flooding in West End Source: Assessment team
-igure 4- Photos showing front walls, buildings and other major damage caused by storm winds and surge flooding in West End Source: Assessment team
Figure 5- Fallen trees and accumulations of organic debris Source: Assessment team 2016
Figure 5- Fallen trees and accumulations of organic debris Source: Assessment team 2016
Table 8- Losses due to uninhabitable dwellings in the housing sector
Table 8- Losses due to uninhabitable dwellings in the housing sector
Source: Assessment Team, 2016 Table 9- Summary of additional costs to the housing sector
Source: Assessment Team, 2016 Table 9- Summary of additional costs to the housing sector
Table 10- Distribution of public clinics in The Bahamas by island
Table 10- Distribution of public clinics in The Bahamas by island
Table 11- Public hospitals in The Bahamas
Table 11- Public hospitals in The Bahamas
Table 12- Summary of damage to public health clinics by Hurricane Matthew Damage to clinic equipment was modest and limited to the clinic in West End, Grand Bahama. That facility also lost all its stock of medications and medical supplies. Damage is estimated at $30,000. Residences for doctor and nurses suffered damage to furniture and equipment. One clinic did not have a generator and another had a generator that needed repair. These generator issues could not be attributable to Matthew, but we include them because a generator is an essential asset for a health facility and because of the estimated cost—$40, 700.
Table 12- Summary of damage to public health clinics by Hurricane Matthew Damage to clinic equipment was modest and limited to the clinic in West End, Grand Bahama. That facility also lost all its stock of medications and medical supplies. Damage is estimated at $30,000. Residences for doctor and nurses suffered damage to furniture and equipment. One clinic did not have a generator and another had a generator that needed repair. These generator issues could not be attributable to Matthew, but we include them because a generator is an essential asset for a health facility and because of the estimated cost—$40, 700.
Source: PAHO, MOH, and PHA disaster assessment team. * Damaged prior to Hurricane Matthew.
Source: PAHO, MOH, and PHA disaster assessment team. * Damaged prior to Hurricane Matthew.
Source: PAHO, MOH, and PHA disaster assessment team. Table 13- Summary of damage in public health facilities, hospitals and others
Source: PAHO, MOH, and PHA disaster assessment team. Table 13- Summary of damage in public health facilities, hospitals and others
Table 14- Damage in public health facilities attributed to Hurricane Matthew Source: Estimates from PHA and MOH data 1Damaged prior to Hurricane Matthew.
Table 14- Damage in public health facilities attributed to Hurricane Matthew Source: Estimates from PHA and MOH data 1Damaged prior to Hurricane Matthew.
Source: Estimate from PHA data. Table 15- Damage in public hospital and other health buildings attributed to Hurricane Matthew
Source: Estimate from PHA data. Table 15- Damage in public hospital and other health buildings attributed to Hurricane Matthew
Table 16- Losses to disruption in health services, equipment Source: Estimates from PHA and MOH data
Table 16- Losses to disruption in health services, equipment Source: Estimates from PHA and MOH data
Table 17- Additional costs associated with emergency response due to Hurricane Matthew Source: Estimates from PHA and MOH data.
Table 17- Additional costs associated with emergency response due to Hurricane Matthew Source: Estimates from PHA and MOH data.
Table 18- Additional cost in overtime hours Source: Estimates from PHA and MOH data
Table 18- Additional cost in overtime hours Source: Estimates from PHA and MOH data
Source: Department of Education, The Bahamas (2015) Table 20- Affected education facilities and enrolment by island
Source: Department of Education, The Bahamas (2015) Table 20- Affected education facilities and enrolment by island
Table 21- Affected education facilities by island Source: Estimates by Assessment team, information from field visits and Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA Team, 2016
Table 21- Affected education facilities by island Source: Estimates by Assessment team, information from field visits and Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA Team, 2016
Table 22- Estimated damage to education facilities by island Source: Estimates by Assessment team, information from field visits and RNA Team, 201€
Table 22- Estimated damage to education facilities by island Source: Estimates by Assessment team, information from field visits and RNA Team, 201€
Table 23- Estimated loss to education sector by affected island. Source: Estimations by disaster assessment team, information provided by field visits and the RNA team, 201€
Table 23- Estimated loss to education sector by affected island. Source: Estimations by disaster assessment team, information provided by field visits and the RNA team, 201€
Table 24- Total estimated damage, loss and additional costs by affected island “Not included were education losses of $659,281 for 3-day school closures in otherwise unaffected areas. Thus, the national loss in the education sector was $4,758,208.
Table 24- Total estimated damage, loss and additional costs by affected island “Not included were education losses of $659,281 for 3-day school closures in otherwise unaffected areas. Thus, the national loss in the education sector was $4,758,208.
Table 25- Additional costs associated with Lowe Sound Primary
Table 25- Additional costs associated with Lowe Sound Primary
Source: Assessment Team, 2016 Figure 7- Affected airports in Berry Islands and New Providence.
Source: Assessment Team, 2016 Figure 7- Affected airports in Berry Islands and New Providence.
Table 26- Airport runways on affected islands Source: Assessment Team, 2016
Table 26- Airport runways on affected islands Source: Assessment Team, 2016
Source: Assessment Team, 2016 Figure 8- Affected docks in West End and Berry Islands
Source: Assessment Team, 2016 Figure 8- Affected docks in West End and Berry Islands
Table 28- Damage to road network
Table 28- Damage to road network
Figure 9- Affected bridge, Conch Sound vicinity
Figure 9- Affected bridge, Conch Sound vicinity
Table 29- Damage to sea walls
Table 29- Damage to sea walls
Table 32- Summary of additional costs ($) in the infrastructure sector Source: Assessment team, 2016
Table 32- Summary of additional costs ($) in the infrastructure sector Source: Assessment team, 2016
Table 33- Damage by island and type of telecommunications service
Table 33- Damage by island and type of telecommunications service
Table 34- Losses in the telecommunications sector Source: Assessment team
Table 34- Losses in the telecommunications sector Source: Assessment team
Table 35- Additional costs in the telecommunications sector
Table 35- Additional costs in the telecommunications sector
Table 36- Summary of damage in the power sector Table 36 summarizes the damage in the power sector. The greatest damages were experienced on Grand Bahama, which lost almost 2,000 transmission and distribution poles. In some cases, long rows of poles collapsed in a chain reaction; as one pole fell, the power and telecom- munications lines attached to it pulled down the next pole. The poles were generally of a higher grade on Grand Bahama than in areas of Long Island and Crooked Island where large numbers of poles fell during Hur- ricane Joaquin, Grand Bahama poles also tended to be somewhat older, which may have contributed to their collapse. Some poles showed signs of damage due to aging and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun. A number of the oldest wooden distribution poles in West End appeared to have been in the process of being replaced around the time of the hurricane. Nonetheless, a high number of these poles fell, taking down power lines and in some cases damaging nearby buildings. On the other hand, newer transmission poles made out of a composite material do not appear to have sustained much damage.
Table 36- Summary of damage in the power sector Table 36 summarizes the damage in the power sector. The greatest damages were experienced on Grand Bahama, which lost almost 2,000 transmission and distribution poles. In some cases, long rows of poles collapsed in a chain reaction; as one pole fell, the power and telecom- munications lines attached to it pulled down the next pole. The poles were generally of a higher grade on Grand Bahama than in areas of Long Island and Crooked Island where large numbers of poles fell during Hur- ricane Joaquin, Grand Bahama poles also tended to be somewhat older, which may have contributed to their collapse. Some poles showed signs of damage due to aging and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun. A number of the oldest wooden distribution poles in West End appeared to have been in the process of being replaced around the time of the hurricane. Nonetheless, a high number of these poles fell, taking down power lines and in some cases damaging nearby buildings. On the other hand, newer transmission poles made out of a composite material do not appear to have sustained much damage.
Figure 10- Daily peak load readings for New Providence in October Source: Bahamas Power and Light
Figure 10- Daily peak load readings for New Providence in October Source: Bahamas Power and Light
Table 37- Estimated loss in the power sector
Table 37- Estimated loss in the power sector
Table 38- Additional costs in the telecommunications sector.
Table 38- Additional costs in the telecommunications sector.
Figure 11- Diagram of vulnerability of groundwater supply
Figure 11- Diagram of vulnerability of groundwater supply
Table 39- Water supply in private dwellings in The Bahamas Source: Department of Statistics of The Bahamas, Census 2010
Table 39- Water supply in private dwellings in The Bahamas Source: Department of Statistics of The Bahamas, Census 2010
Figure 12- Bathroom and septic tank system affected by flooding in the West End settlement
Figure 12- Bathroom and septic tank system affected by flooding in the West End settlement
Source: Estimates by disaster assessment team based on information from \W/SC Table 41- Additional costs in the water and sanitation sector A stand-by desalination plant generator was installed in Morgan’s Bluff, Andros. It produced 1,000 gallons per hour at a cost of $5,000 per day. This system had also been used on Crooked Island after Hurricane Joa- quin. Compared to the aftermath of Hurricane Joaquin, the WSC was well-prepared with portable generators to overcome lack of power and use the desalination plant’s water storage for several days.
Source: Estimates by disaster assessment team based on information from \W/SC Table 41- Additional costs in the water and sanitation sector A stand-by desalination plant generator was installed in Morgan’s Bluff, Andros. It produced 1,000 gallons per hour at a cost of $5,000 per day. This system had also been used on Crooked Island after Hurricane Joa- quin. Compared to the aftermath of Hurricane Joaquin, the WSC was well-prepared with portable generators to overcome lack of power and use the desalination plant’s water storage for several days.
Table 42- Summary of damage in the tourism sector
Table 42- Summary of damage in the tourism sector
Source: Assessment team
Source: Assessment team
Table 43- Total losses by type of visitor Source: Assessment team
Table 43- Total losses by type of visitor Source: Assessment team
Table 44- Total losses by type of expenditure Source: Assessment team
Table 44- Total losses by type of expenditure Source: Assessment team
Table 45- New Providence losses by type of visitor Source: Assessment team
Table 45- New Providence losses by type of visitor Source: Assessment team
Table 46- Grand Bahama losses by type of visitor
Table 46- Grand Bahama losses by type of visitor
Table 47- Out Islands losses by type of visitor
Table 47- Out Islands losses by type of visitor
Table 48- Summary of additional costs in the tourism sector Source: Assessment team
Table 48- Summary of additional costs in the tourism sector Source: Assessment team
Table 49- Damage to small fisheries
Table 49- Damage to small fisheries
Table 50- Small fisheries losses, October to December 2016 ($).
Table 50- Small fisheries losses, October to December 2016 ($).
Table 51- Estimated cost to environmental sector
Table 51- Estimated cost to environmental sector
Table 52- Estimated damage to beach dunes, Grand Bahama
Table 52- Estimated damage to beach dunes, Grand Bahama
Table 53- Summary of damage to the environmental sector. Source: Assessment team 2016
Table 53- Summary of damage to the environmental sector. Source: Assessment team 2016
Table 55- Estimated cost of debris removal and disposal.
Table 55- Estimated cost of debris removal and disposal.
Source: Interviews with staff of The Nature Conservancy Table 56- Estimated cost of prescribed wildland fire strategy
Source: Interviews with staff of The Nature Conservancy Table 56- Estimated cost of prescribed wildland fire strategy
Table 57- Additional costs to the environment sector. Source: Assessment team, 2016
Table 57- Additional costs to the environment sector. Source: Assessment team, 2016
Table 58- Impact of Hurricane Matthew on government fiscal operations. Revenues and expenditures of the central government Source: Ministry of Finance, Central Bank of The Bahamas and Assessment Tearr
Table 58- Impact of Hurricane Matthew on government fiscal operations. Revenues and expenditures of the central government Source: Ministry of Finance, Central Bank of The Bahamas and Assessment Tearr
Source: Ministry of Finance, Central Bank of The Bahamas and Assessment Team Figure 14- |Primary and overall fiscal balances before and after Hurricane Matthew
Source: Ministry of Finance, Central Bank of The Bahamas and Assessment Team Figure 14- |Primary and overall fiscal balances before and after Hurricane Matthew
Table 59- Pillars for disaster risk reduction
Table 59- Pillars for disaster risk reduction
Source: Natural Capital Project Figure 15- Coastal vulnerability index (CVI) in North Andros
Source: Natural Capital Project Figure 15- Coastal vulnerability index (CVI) in North Andros
Figure 16- Map detail from the U.S. National Hurricane Centre's “Operational Storm Surge Basis for the Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) Model.” Source: United States National Hurricane Centre
Figure 16- Map detail from the U.S. National Hurricane Centre's “Operational Storm Surge Basis for the Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) Model.” Source: United States National Hurricane Centre
Source: Multipoint-foundations.com
Source: Multipoint-foundations.com
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