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Fig. 10 Output power characteristics under no load condition

Figure 10 Output power characteristics under no load condition

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Fig. | Two wheel drive train system of a commercial IFECV BLDC has more complex control algorithm compare to other motor types due to electronically commutation. Therefore accurate model of motor is required to have complete and precise control scheme of BLDC. To design of BLDC motor drive system, it is necessary to have motor model gives precise value of torque which is related to current and back-EMF [2]. Different simulation models have been presented to analyze performance of BLDC motor [3-6]. Lots of various modeling techniques according to different applications of BLDC motor have been used. Although all the previous works made a great contribution to modeling BLDC motor, but there is no simple model appropriate for in-wheel motor application. Hence in this paper model of 3 phases, 4 poles, Y connected, trapezoidal back-EMF type of BLDC motor for automotive industry application is modeled and simulated in MATLAB / SIMULINK.
Fig. | Two wheel drive train system of a commercial IFECV BLDC has more complex control algorithm compare to other motor types due to electronically commutation. Therefore accurate model of motor is required to have complete and precise control scheme of BLDC. To design of BLDC motor drive system, it is necessary to have motor model gives precise value of torque which is related to current and back-EMF [2]. Different simulation models have been presented to analyze performance of BLDC motor [3-6]. Lots of various modeling techniques according to different applications of BLDC motor have been used. Although all the previous works made a great contribution to modeling BLDC motor, but there is no simple model appropriate for in-wheel motor application. Hence in this paper model of 3 phases, 4 poles, Y connected, trapezoidal back-EMF type of BLDC motor for automotive industry application is modeled and simulated in MATLAB / SIMULINK.
MATLAB code is written to produce Ideal Back-EMF of BLDC as function of rotor position. Simulation result of Ideal back-EMF reference waveforms of all phases versus electrical angle are shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 Ideal back-EMF reference waveforms of all three phases
MATLAB code is written to produce Ideal Back-EMF of BLDC as function of rotor position. Simulation result of Ideal back-EMF reference waveforms of all phases versus electrical angle are shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 Ideal back-EMF reference waveforms of all three phases
Fig. 2 Schematic system of BLDC motor drive Hence control techniques of BLDC are not objective of paper; therefore proportional plus integral (PI) controller is used in loop control algorithm to control speed. Schematic system of BLDC motor drive is shown in Fig. 2. As shown in Fig. 2 simulation model is consisting of three parts. Each part is simulated separately and integrated in overall simulation model. For decoding Hall Effect signals in PWM generator, MATLAB code is written. techniques are using for electronic commutation [8]. In this model, Hall Effect signals are produced according to rotor position for commutation. Also a 3-phase inverter using MOSFETs is used as voltage source. Different control techniques can be applied to the model.
Fig. 2 Schematic system of BLDC motor drive Hence control techniques of BLDC are not objective of paper; therefore proportional plus integral (PI) controller is used in loop control algorithm to control speed. Schematic system of BLDC motor drive is shown in Fig. 2. As shown in Fig. 2 simulation model is consisting of three parts. Each part is simulated separately and integrated in overall simulation model. For decoding Hall Effect signals in PWM generator, MATLAB code is written. techniques are using for electronic commutation [8]. In this model, Hall Effect signals are produced according to rotor position for commutation. Also a 3-phase inverter using MOSFETs is used as voltage source. Different control techniques can be applied to the model.
Hall Effect signals of motor are produced according to electrical degree. Table I shows Hall Effect signal values according to electrical degree of rotor.
Hall Effect signals of motor are produced according to electrical degree. Table I shows Hall Effect signal values according to electrical degree of rotor.
Fig. 5 Overall model of BLDC motor drive With implementing of a 3-phase full bridge inverter and a PI speed regulator overall model of motor is modeled. Overall model of BLDC motor drive is shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 5 Overall model of BLDC motor drive With implementing of a 3-phase full bridge inverter and a PI speed regulator overall model of motor is modeled. Overall model of BLDC motor drive is shown in Fig. 5.
Implementing of final state space equations (14) and (15) will make model more complex. Although neutral point of motor is not accessible but virtually is possible to estimate it with zero crossing point of back-EMF. Also for linear and zero initial condition systems, State space to Laplace transform and vice versa can be written. Therefore final state space equation is divided to two simple and separate electrical and mechanical Laplace equations applied by phase to neutral voltages. Then state space model of BLDC motor is:
Implementing of final state space equations (14) and (15) will make model more complex. Although neutral point of motor is not accessible but virtually is possible to estimate it with zero crossing point of back-EMF. Also for linear and zero initial condition systems, State space to Laplace transform and vice versa can be written. Therefore final state space equation is divided to two simple and separate electrical and mechanical Laplace equations applied by phase to neutral voltages. Then state space model of BLDC motor is:
Output and Input power characteristics of motor under no load condition is shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11. With respect to steady state values of power, efficiency of system is 94.6%. System shows high efficiency operation of BLDC.
Output and Input power characteristics of motor under no load condition is shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11. With respect to steady state values of power, efficiency of system is 94.6%. System shows high efficiency operation of BLDC.
Fig. 11 Input power characteristics under no load condition Simulation also has been done under 10 N.m load torque. BLDC speed characteristic is shown in Fig. 12 under load
Fig. 11 Input power characteristics under no load condition Simulation also has been done under 10 N.m load torque. BLDC speed characteristic is shown in Fig. 12 under load
Fig. 7 Torque characteristics under no load condition Fig. 8 Back-EMF of phase A
Fig. 7 Torque characteristics under no load condition Fig. 8 Back-EMF of phase A
Simulation results of BLDC motor under no load and load conditions are shown. As it can be seen in Fig. 6, dynamic response of BLDC due to its permanent magnet (low inertia) rotor is high. Pulsating torque of BLDC is shown in Fig. 7. Figure 8 shows back-EMF produced in phase A of motor. Hall Effect signals of all three phase are shown in Fig. 9 according to table I. Table 1 shows BLDC motor specification to investigate performance of advanced model.
Simulation results of BLDC motor under no load and load conditions are shown. As it can be seen in Fig. 6, dynamic response of BLDC due to its permanent magnet (low inertia) rotor is high. Pulsating torque of BLDC is shown in Fig. 7. Figure 8 shows back-EMF produced in phase A of motor. Hall Effect signals of all three phase are shown in Fig. 9 according to table I. Table 1 shows BLDC motor specification to investigate performance of advanced model.
condition. It can be seen that under load condition time for speed to reach its final value is increased. Current characteristics of phase A of motor under load condition is shown in Fig. 13. Maximum value of current is 40 amps.
condition. It can be seen that under load condition time for speed to reach its final value is increased. Current characteristics of phase A of motor under load condition is shown in Fig. 13. Maximum value of current is 40 amps.
Sustainable transportation is a need in near future due to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gases emission in the world for solving global warming issue. Hybrid and electrical vehicles are the good solution in this case. Increase of safety, efficiency and controllability of a vehicle has been always one of the most important challenges in automotive industry. Design of intelligent fully electronically controlled vehicle (IFCEV) can be the solution for many of challenges in this field.
Sustainable transportation is a need in near future due to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gases emission in the world for solving global warming issue. Hybrid and electrical vehicles are the good solution in this case. Increase of safety, efficiency and controllability of a vehicle has been always one of the most important challenges in automotive industry. Design of intelligent fully electronically controlled vehicle (IFCEV) can be the solution for many of challenges in this field.
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