Figure 4 Top-down and bottom-up classification chart
Related Figures (15)
Linguistic landscape, language contestation, heritage area, signboard, public space 123Tinguistic landscape, language contestation, heritage area, signboard, public space Ketut Widya Purnawati', Ketut Artawa’, Made Sri Satyawati? E-mail: tuti@unud.ac.id Linguistic Landscape of Jalan Gajah Mada Heritage Area in Denpasar City Fig. 1. Information board of Heritage Area in Jalan Gajah Mada Fig. 2. Jalan Gajah Mada Heritage Area Fig. 3. Shop names on Jalan Gajah Mada The number of signboards that use the government design should be equal to the number of businesses in this area. However, it turns out that the existence of the board shows inconsistency. Not all of them have the “blue signboard”. Some of them have signboard with different name from the one on the blue signboard. This was caused by a change in the ownership of the shop so that the name of the shop changed, but the blue signboard remained unchanged. In addition, in several shops Table 1. Top-down and bottom-up classification The signboard does not always use only me language. In a single outdoor sign, multiple Table 2. The language(s) use in the sign board Fig. 5. Sign board written in English Fig. 5. Sign board written in Indonesian Indonesian language is used in almost every outdoor sign in this area, in the form of business place names, government offices, banners, advertisements and others. This can be seen in Figure (5). Quantitatively, there are 174 outdoor signs that only use Indonesian. Fig. 7. Signboard written in Indonesian and English On outdoor signs that use Indonesian and English there is no provision that Indonesian appears before English or vice versa. The use of Indonesian and English are complementary. The English used is not the result of a translation from the existing Indonesian language, but as additional information from what has not been conveyed in Indonesian. This can be seen in Figure 7. Fig. 9. Sign board written in 4 languages Figure (9) is also an advertisement. The advert is for a coffee shop selling Balinese coffee under its own brand. Product types and product brands are translated into English only, but advertising slogans are also translated into Japanese and Chinese. On this signboard, the position of Indonesian is always above English. Japanese and Mandarin are placed between Indonesian and English. This ad is the only outdoor sign in four languages. Fig. 8. Sign board written in 3 languages Information in English only shows the name of the drug, while information in Chinese shows the benefits of the drug. Although the shop name in this area has the same design which was made by the Denpasar City government, but a different case was found in the signboard for “Restaurant Hong Kong”. The signboard for this restaurant name contains Balinese script, but the design was made by the owner of the restaurant, there is no government intervention involved. Thus, this outdoor sign belongs to the bottom-up group. Fig. 12. Outdoor signboard written in Roman and Balinese Script Fig. 13. Street signboard with Roman script and Balinese script
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