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Values of biodiversity indices for culturable bacteria in the imidacloprid treated soil. * Data represents mean value + standard error. Table 2

Table 2 Values of biodiversity indices for culturable bacteria in the imidacloprid treated soil. * Data represents mean value + standard error. Table 2

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Fig. 1. Persistence of imidacloprid in soil under controlled condition (error bars represent the standard deviation of three replications).
Fig. 1. Persistence of imidacloprid in soil under controlled condition (error bars represent the standard deviation of three replications).
Fig. 2. Effect of imidacloprid treatments on microbial population in rice soil (error bars represent the standard deviation of three replications), where, (a) Bacteria (p < 0.0026); (b) Actinomycetes (p < 0.0184); (c) Fungi (p < 0.0053); (d) Asymbiotic nitrogen fixers (p < 0.1749); (e) Phosphate solubilising bacteria (p < 0.0001); (f) Microbial biomass carbon (ug g~* soil) (p < 0.0452).
Fig. 2. Effect of imidacloprid treatments on microbial population in rice soil (error bars represent the standard deviation of three replications), where, (a) Bacteria (p < 0.0026); (b) Actinomycetes (p < 0.0184); (c) Fungi (p < 0.0053); (d) Asymbiotic nitrogen fixers (p < 0.1749); (e) Phosphate solubilising bacteria (p < 0.0001); (f) Microbial biomass carbon (ug g~* soil) (p < 0.0452).
2.9. Statistical analysis Probability values of two-way ANOVA to study the effects of treatment, time and their interaction on the measured parameters. 2.7. Growth dynamics of culturable bacteria in imidacloprid treated soil Table 1 3. Results and discussion
2.9. Statistical analysis Probability values of two-way ANOVA to study the effects of treatment, time and their interaction on the measured parameters. 2.7. Growth dynamics of culturable bacteria in imidacloprid treated soil Table 1 3. Results and discussion
Fig. 3. Effect of imidacloprid treatments on enzymes in rice soil (error bars represent the standard deviation of three replications), where, (a) B-D glucosidase (ug p-nitrophenol g~' of dry soil h~ +) (p < 0.0001); (b) Dehydrogenase (mg TPF g”' of dry soil h~') (p < 0.1361); (c) Acid phosphatase (1g p-nitrophenol g~' of dry soil h~*) (p < 0.0234); 3(d) Fluorescein di- acetate hydrolase (ug fluorescein g~’ of dry soil h~*) (p < 0.0087); (e) Urease (ug of urea hydrolyzed g~' of dry soil h~') (p < 0.0001); (f) Alakline phosphatase (1g p-nitrophenol g~* of dry soil h~') (p < 0.2389).
Fig. 3. Effect of imidacloprid treatments on enzymes in rice soil (error bars represent the standard deviation of three replications), where, (a) B-D glucosidase (ug p-nitrophenol g~' of dry soil h~ +) (p < 0.0001); (b) Dehydrogenase (mg TPF g”' of dry soil h~') (p < 0.1361); (c) Acid phosphatase (1g p-nitrophenol g~' of dry soil h~*) (p < 0.0234); 3(d) Fluorescein di- acetate hydrolase (ug fluorescein g~’ of dry soil h~*) (p < 0.0087); (e) Urease (ug of urea hydrolyzed g~' of dry soil h~') (p < 0.0001); (f) Alakline phosphatase (1g p-nitrophenol g~* of dry soil h~') (p < 0.2389).
Fig. 4. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to differentiate the effect of different doses of imidacloprid on soil microbes and enzymes.
Fig. 4. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to differentiate the effect of different doses of imidacloprid on soil microbes and enzymes.
Related topics:
SoilBiologyMicrobial consortiaPesticide ResiduesMedicineSoil MicrobiologySoil microbesTime FactorsMedical and Health Sciences
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