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Table 2. Applications of decision support tools for stakeholder involvement? * MAUT = multiattribute utility theory; USDOE = U.S. Department of Energy; NSF = National Science Foundation; USEPA = U.S. Environ- mental Protection Agency; USDA = U.S. Department of Agriculture; AHP = analytical hierarchy process.

Table 2 Applications of decision support tools for stakeholder involvement? * MAUT = multiattribute utility theory; USDOE = U.S. Department of Energy; NSF = National Science Foundation; USEPA = U.S. Environ- mental Protection Agency; USDA = U.S. Department of Agriculture; AHP = analytical hierarchy process.

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Figure 1. Current and evolving decision-making processes for contaminated sediment management.
Figure 1. Current and evolving decision-making processes for contaminated sediment management.
Figure 2. Example decision criteria and matrix.
Figure 2. Example decision criteria and matrix.
? PROMETHEE = Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluations; ELECTRE = Elimination Et Choix Traduisant la Realite; AHP = analytical hierarchy process; GIS = geographic information system; MAUT = multiattribute utility theory; MCDA = multicriteria decision analysis; EIA = environmental impact assessment; USDA = U.S. Department of Agriculture; USDOE = U.S. Department of Energy; SMART = simple multiattribute rating technique. Table 1. Continued
? PROMETHEE = Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluations; ELECTRE = Elimination Et Choix Traduisant la Realite; AHP = analytical hierarchy process; GIS = geographic information system; MAUT = multiattribute utility theory; MCDA = multicriteria decision analysis; EIA = environmental impact assessment; USDA = U.S. Department of Agriculture; USDOE = U.S. Department of Energy; SMART = simple multiattribute rating technique. Table 1. Continued
Table 3. Applications of decision support tools for contaminated sites* * AHP = analytical hierarchy process; USDOE = U. S. Department of Energy; MAUT = multiattribute utility theory; INEEL = Idaho National Environmental Engineering Laboratory; USDOD = U. S. Department of Defense.
Table 3. Applications of decision support tools for contaminated sites* * AHP = analytical hierarchy process; USDOE = U. S. Department of Energy; MAUT = multiattribute utility theory; INEEL = Idaho National Environmental Engineering Laboratory; USDOD = U. S. Department of Defense.
should be given to designing an adaptable structure such that participants can modify aspects of the project to suit local concerns while still producing a structure that provides the required outputs. The process depicted in Figure 3 follows 2 basic themes: (1) generating management alternatives, success criteria, and value judgments and (2) ranking the alternatives by applying the criteria levels and value weights. The Ist part of the process generates and defines choices, success levels, and preferences. The latter section methodically prunes nonfeasible alternatives by 1st applying screening mechanisms (e.g., overall cost, technical feasibility, and general societal acceptance) followed by more detailed ranking of the remaining options using decision analysis techniques (e.g., AHP, MAUT, and outranking) that adopt the various criteria levels generated by environmental tools, monitoring, or stakeholder surveys. lines tor less direct involvement. While the actual member- ship and the function of these 3 base groups may intersect 1 vary, the roles of each group are essential to collecting the largest amount of information to support the decision process Each group has its own way of viewing the world, its owr method of envisioning solutions, and its own societal responsibility. Policymakers and decision makers spend most of their effort defining the problem context and the overall constraints to the decision. In addition, they may have responsibility for the selection of the final decision and its implementation. Stakeholders may provide input to defining the problem but have the highest degree of interaction ir helping formulate success criteria and contributing value judgments for weighting the various success criteria. Depend. ing on the problem and regulatory context, stakeholders may have some responsibility in ranking and selecting the final option. Scientists and engineers have the most focused role because they provide the measurements or estimations of the desired criteria that determine the success of various alternatives. While scientists and engineers may take < secondary role as stakeholders or decision makers, thei primary role is to provide the technical details as requestec by the decision process.
should be given to designing an adaptable structure such that participants can modify aspects of the project to suit local concerns while still producing a structure that provides the required outputs. The process depicted in Figure 3 follows 2 basic themes: (1) generating management alternatives, success criteria, and value judgments and (2) ranking the alternatives by applying the criteria levels and value weights. The Ist part of the process generates and defines choices, success levels, and preferences. The latter section methodically prunes nonfeasible alternatives by 1st applying screening mechanisms (e.g., overall cost, technical feasibility, and general societal acceptance) followed by more detailed ranking of the remaining options using decision analysis techniques (e.g., AHP, MAUT, and outranking) that adopt the various criteria levels generated by environmental tools, monitoring, or stakeholder surveys. lines tor less direct involvement. While the actual member- ship and the function of these 3 base groups may intersect 1 vary, the roles of each group are essential to collecting the largest amount of information to support the decision process Each group has its own way of viewing the world, its owr method of envisioning solutions, and its own societal responsibility. Policymakers and decision makers spend most of their effort defining the problem context and the overall constraints to the decision. In addition, they may have responsibility for the selection of the final decision and its implementation. Stakeholders may provide input to defining the problem but have the highest degree of interaction ir helping formulate success criteria and contributing value judgments for weighting the various success criteria. Depend. ing on the problem and regulatory context, stakeholders may have some responsibility in ranking and selecting the final option. Scientists and engineers have the most focused role because they provide the measurements or estimations of the desired criteria that determine the success of various alternatives. While scientists and engineers may take < secondary role as stakeholders or decision makers, thei primary role is to provide the technical details as requestec by the decision process.
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EngineeringEnvironmental EngineeringCivil EngineeringPsychologyGeophysicsNursingCleaner ProductionDecision MakingEnvironmental PolicyTriple Bottom Line
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