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Fig. 2. Biostratigraphy of the studied localities. A. San Francisco; B. Miramar; C. Isla Verde. Paedotherium, and Nonotherium. Later, Bonalumi et al. (1999) and Tauber and Alvarez (2003) referred the Brochero Formation to the Montehermosan (late Miocene—early Pliocene), based on the presence of N. coagmentatus and the preliminary synonymy of Nonotherium with Xotodon. Different exposures of the Brochero Formation are covered by younger sediments assigned to the Las Rabonas, Mina Clavero, Toro Muerto, and Charbonier formations. The deposition of these formations occurred in different intervals of the Pleistocene (Bonalumi et al., 1999; Carignano, 1999). But, particularly in this section, the Las Rabonas Formation lies dis- conformably over the Brochero Formation. Las Rabonas Formation is composed of a sandy matrix-supported pebble conglomerate Pedernera Cliff (31°47’30” S and 65°00/58” O), from stratigraphic level 1 and stratigraphic level 2 plus 3. Stratigraphic level 1 is assigned to the Brochero Formation. This formation is normally graded and composed of two facies. One is a matrix-supported conglomerate, the grain size of which is granular and the matrix is sandy silt. The upper facies is a silty to fine sandy paleosol with discontinuous laminate and nodulate tosca with carbonates. The time of deposition of these sediments is controversial, as it has previously been based on mammal fossils without any numerical age. First, Castellanos (1942, 1944) referred this formation to the interval post Chapadmalalan—pre Ensenadan, as suggested by the presence of Propanochthus, Nopachthus coagmentatus,

Figure 2 Biostratigraphy of the studied localities. A. San Francisco; B. Miramar; C. Isla Verde. Paedotherium, and Nonotherium. Later, Bonalumi et al. (1999) and Tauber and Alvarez (2003) referred the Brochero Formation to the Montehermosan (late Miocene—early Pliocene), based on the presence of N. coagmentatus and the preliminary synonymy of Nonotherium with Xotodon. Different exposures of the Brochero Formation are covered by younger sediments assigned to the Las Rabonas, Mina Clavero, Toro Muerto, and Charbonier formations. The deposition of these formations occurred in different intervals of the Pleistocene (Bonalumi et al., 1999; Carignano, 1999). But, particularly in this section, the Las Rabonas Formation lies dis- conformably over the Brochero Formation. Las Rabonas Formation is composed of a sandy matrix-supported pebble conglomerate Pedernera Cliff (31°47’30” S and 65°00/58” O), from stratigraphic level 1 and stratigraphic level 2 plus 3. Stratigraphic level 1 is assigned to the Brochero Formation. This formation is normally graded and composed of two facies. One is a matrix-supported conglomerate, the grain size of which is granular and the matrix is sandy silt. The upper facies is a silty to fine sandy paleosol with discontinuous laminate and nodulate tosca with carbonates. The time of deposition of these sediments is controversial, as it has previously been based on mammal fossils without any numerical age. First, Castellanos (1942, 1944) referred this formation to the interval post Chapadmalalan—pre Ensenadan, as suggested by the presence of Propanochthus, Nopachthus coagmentatus,

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Fig. 1. Location map. 1. San Francisco; 2. Miramar; 3. Valle de Traslasierra; 4. Rio Cuarto; 5. Isla Verde. The application of ‘this scheme to Cérdoba Province (central Argentina) (Fig. 1) is now underway. The substantial number of geological and stratigraphical studies conducted in the last twenty years (e.g. Cantu, 1992; Carignano, 1999; Iriondo, 1999; Kréhling, 1999a,b; Kroéhling and Iriondo, 1999; Zarate, 2003; Kemp et al., 2004, 2006) provides a useful basis for biostratigraphic studies of the Quaternary. However, until the present, paleontologica contributions have been minor, principally consisting of reports of isolated discoveries (Tauber, 1990, 1997, 1999; Tauber and Di Ronco, 2000, 2003) and preliminary groupings of mammals (Tauber, 2000; Tauber and Alvarez, 2003; Tauber et al., 1997a,b, 2008; Zurita et al., 2007). Although brief paleontological sections have been reported frequently in geological and stratigraphic researches (e.g. Cantu, 1992; Bonalumi et al., 1999; Sanabria et al., 1996), these usually refer to only a handful of specimens. Recently, the first studies o mammal assemblages have begun (Cruz, 2007; Cruz et al., in press), starting with biostratigraphic analysis. These studies, combining analysis of mammalian assemblages and geology, are a useful too for different kinds of research. Because of the interest and utility of More than seventy fossil mammals with precise stratigraphic and geographic provenances were selected for study. The speci- mens are housed in the collections of the MUFyCA, MACN, MLP, and also in local museum collections such as MAMM, AGM, and UNRC.
Fig. 1. Location map. 1. San Francisco; 2. Miramar; 3. Valle de Traslasierra; 4. Rio Cuarto; 5. Isla Verde. The application of ‘this scheme to Cérdoba Province (central Argentina) (Fig. 1) is now underway. The substantial number of geological and stratigraphical studies conducted in the last twenty years (e.g. Cantu, 1992; Carignano, 1999; Iriondo, 1999; Kréhling, 1999a,b; Kroéhling and Iriondo, 1999; Zarate, 2003; Kemp et al., 2004, 2006) provides a useful basis for biostratigraphic studies of the Quaternary. However, until the present, paleontologica contributions have been minor, principally consisting of reports of isolated discoveries (Tauber, 1990, 1997, 1999; Tauber and Di Ronco, 2000, 2003) and preliminary groupings of mammals (Tauber, 2000; Tauber and Alvarez, 2003; Tauber et al., 1997a,b, 2008; Zurita et al., 2007). Although brief paleontological sections have been reported frequently in geological and stratigraphic researches (e.g. Cantu, 1992; Bonalumi et al., 1999; Sanabria et al., 1996), these usually refer to only a handful of specimens. Recently, the first studies o mammal assemblages have begun (Cruz, 2007; Cruz et al., in press), starting with biostratigraphic analysis. These studies, combining analysis of mammalian assemblages and geology, are a useful too for different kinds of research. Because of the interest and utility of More than seventy fossil mammals with precise stratigraphic and geographic provenances were selected for study. The speci- mens are housed in the collections of the MUFyCA, MACN, MLP, and also in local museum collections such as MAMM, AGM, and UNRC.
Fig. 3. Biostratigraphy of the studied localities. A. Rio Cuarto; B. Valle de Traslasierra. Some references in Fig. 2.
Fig. 3. Biostratigraphy of the studied localities. A. Rio Cuarto; B. Valle de Traslasierra. Some references in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4. Species taken into account for the definition of biozones A. Neosclerocalyptus paskoensis, AGM 002, lateral view of the skull, scale 5 cm; B. Equus (Amerhippus) sp., AGM 010, right lower premolar, scale 3 cm; C. Neosclerocalyptus ornatus, AGM 006, lateral view of the skull, scale 5 cm; D. Catonyx tarijensis, AGM 026, left mandible, scale 5 cm; E. Propa- nochthus bullifer, MUFyCA 370, osteoderms of the dorsal carapace, scale 5 cm; F. Nonotherium hennigi, MUFyCA 1, occlusal view of the skull, scale 10 cm.
Fig. 4. Species taken into account for the definition of biozones A. Neosclerocalyptus paskoensis, AGM 002, lateral view of the skull, scale 5 cm; B. Equus (Amerhippus) sp., AGM 010, right lower premolar, scale 3 cm; C. Neosclerocalyptus ornatus, AGM 006, lateral view of the skull, scale 5 cm; D. Catonyx tarijensis, AGM 026, left mandible, scale 5 cm; E. Propa- nochthus bullifer, MUFyCA 370, osteoderms of the dorsal carapace, scale 5 cm; F. Nonotherium hennigi, MUFyCA 1, occlusal view of the skull, scale 10 cm.
Fig. 5. Bio-chronostratigraphic scheme of the Cordoba province.
Fig. 5. Bio-chronostratigraphic scheme of the Cordoba province.
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GeologyGeophysicsPaleontologyLate Cenozoic
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